我的批处理代码为什么在文件夹名称中包含空格时会出现语法错误？

huangapple
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英文:

Why does my batch code give a syntax error for a folder name with space in it?

问题

  1. set /p folderPath=请键入文件夹路径: 
  2. if not exist "!folderPath!" (
  3.     echo 给定的路径不存在。请输入有效的路径:
  4.     goto :checkFolderPath
  5. )
  7. set /p maxLevel=请键入子文件夹的最大搜索深度，其中 !folderPath! 表示 Level 0: 
  8. for /f "tokens=* delims=0123456789" %%i in ("!maxLevel!") DO (
  9.     if not "%%i"=="" (
  10.         echo 输入必须是一个数字。请输入有效的数字，例如 2。
  11.         goto :checkMaxLevel
  12.     )
  13. )
  15. if not defined maxLevel set maxLevel=1
  16. set currentLevel=-1
  17. set totalFiles=0
  18. set correctFiles=0
  19. set renameFiles=0
  20. set incorrectFiles=0
  21. set changedFiles=0
  22. set folderCount=0
  23. set tempPath=!folderPath!
  25. set "tempPath=!tempPath: =_!"
  26. set "tempPath=!tempPath:\=\\!"
  28. set /a "depth=1"
  30. :loop
  31. if defined tempPath (
  32.     set "tempPath=!tempPath:*\\=!"
  33.     if not "!tempPath!"=="!tempPath:\\=!" (
  34.         set /A "depth+=1"
  35.         goto :loop
  36.     )
  37. )
  39. set /a rootLevel=%depth%
  41. echo 绝对文件夹深度为 "%folderPath%" 是: %rootLevel%
  42. echo.
  44. if !maxLevel! == 0 (    
  45.     pushd !folderpath!
  46.     FOR %%R IN (*.pdf) DO (                
  47.         set "filename=%%~nxR"
  48.         echo %%~fR
  49.         set /a totalFiles+=1
  50.         if "!filename:~0,4!"=="DRW_" (
  51.             set /a correctFiles+=1
  52.         ) else (
  53.             if "!filename:~0,3!"=="500" (
  54.                 set /a renameFiles+=1
  55.             ) else (
  56.                 set /a incorrectFiles+=1
  57.             )
  58.         )
  59.     )
  60. ) else (
  61.     FOR /R "%folderPath%" %%D in (.) DO (
  62.         set "depth=-1"
  63.         set tempPath=%%D
  64.         set "tempPath=!tempPath:.=!"
  66.         set "tempPath=!tempPath: =_!"
  67.         set "tempPath=!tempPath:\=\\!"			
  69.         set /a currentLevel=!depth!-!rootLevel!
  71.         if !currentLevel! leq !maxLevel! (
  72.             Pushd %%D
  73.             if !currentLevel! leq !maxLevel! (
  74.                 FOR %%G IN (*.pdf) DO (                
  75.                     set "filename=%%~nxG"
  76.                     echo %%~fG
  77.                     set /a totalFiles+=1
  78.                     if "!filename:~0,4!"=="DRW_" (
  79.                         set /a correctFiles+=1
  80.                     ) else (
  81.                         if "!filename:~0,3!"=="500" (
  82.                             set /a renameFiles+=1
  83.                         ) else (
  84.                             set /a incorrectFiles+=1
  85.                         )
  86.                     )
  87.                 )
  88.             ) else (
  89.                 echo 到达文件循环的最大级别，这不应该发生
  90.             )
  91.             popd
  92.         ) else (
  93.             echo 到达最大级别
  94.         )
  95.     )
  96. )
  98. echo.
  99. echo 总共检查的 PDF 文件数: %totalFiles%
  100. echo 正确命名的 PDF 文件数: %correctFiles%
  101. echo 需要重命名的 PDF 文件数: %renameFiles%
  102. echo 其他 PDF 文件数: %incorrectFiles%
英文:

This is my first question here and I am not a programmer but an mechanical engineer doing some IT stuff for my company. So my task is to write a batch code to find all PDF files in a directory and check them for their correct names. I get this done with one exeption. The programm is given a directory by the user e.g. c:\users\guy\one space\nospace\ then the programm works as is should. The space in the folder name "one space" is no problem. However, if the given directory would be c:\users\guy\one space\ then the code aborts with something like "cannot be processed syntactically at this point" (translated from my german command promt). So this is my code, maybe someone has a clue about my mistake:

  1. @echo off
  2. setlocal
  3. setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
  4. echo.
  5. echo If the input folder path contains a space in its name, the program won't work
  6. echo.
  7. echo.
  8. REM User input for folderPath and check
  9. :checkFolderPath
  10. set /p folderPath="Please enter the folderpath: "
  11. if not exist "!folderPath!" (
  12. echo The given path does not exist. Please enter a valid path:
  13. goto :checkFolderPath
  14. )
  15. REM User input for maxLevel and check
  16. :checkMaxLevel
  17. echo.
  18. set /p maxLevel="Please enter the max search depth for subfolders where !folderPath! represents Level 0: "
  19. echo.
  20. for /f "tokens=* delims=0123456789" %%i in ("%maxLevel%") DO (
  21. if not "%%i"=="" (
  22. echo The input has to be a number. Please enter a valid number e.g. 2.
  23. goto :checkMaxLevel
  24. )
  25. )
  26. REM initiate counter
  27. if not defined maxLevel set maxLevel=1
  28. set currentLevel=-1
  29. set totalFiles=0
  30. set correctFiles=0
  31. set renameFiles=0
  32. set incorrectFiles=0
  33. set changedFiles=0
  34. set folderCount=0
  35. set tempPath=!folderPath!
  36. REM replace space symbol by "_" and "\" by "\\"
  37. set "tempPath=!tempPath: =_!"
  38. set "tempPath=!tempPath:\=\\!"
  39. REM count number of backslashes in the path (equals folder depth)
  40. set /a "depth=1"
  41. :loop
  42. if defined tempPath (
  43. set "tempPath=!tempPath:*\\=!"
  44. if not "!tempPath!"=="!tempPath:\\=!" (
  45. set /A "depth+=1"
  46. goto :loop
  47. )
  48. )
  49. set /a rootLevel=%depth%
  50. echo The absolute folder depth of "%folderPath%" is: %rootLevel%
  51. echo.
  52. echo.
  53. REM Skip loop through folders if given maxLevel is 0
  54. if !maxLevel! == 0 (	
  55. pushd !folderpath!
  56. FOR %%R IN (*.pdf) DO (                
  57. set "filename=%%~nxR"
  58. echo %%~fR
  59. set /a totalFiles+=1
  60. REM echo totalFiles=!totalFiles!
  61. REM Check if filename beginns with "DRW_"
  62. if "!filename:~0,4!"=="DRW_" (
  63. set /a correctFiles+=1
  64. ) else (
  65. REM Check if filename beginns with "500"
  66. if "!filename:~0,3!"=="500" (
  67. set /a renameFiles+=1
  68. ) else (
  69. set /a incorrectFiles+=1
  70. )
  71. )
  72. )
  73. ) else (
  74. REM Loop through subfolders up to given maxLevel
  75. FOR /R "%folderPath%" %%D in (.) DO (
  76. set "depth=-1"
  77. REM echo now in %%D
  78. REM set tempPath to variable %%D and remove the . at the end
  79. set tempPath=%%D
  80. set "tempPath=!tempPath:.=!"
  81. REM replace space symbol by "_"
  82. set "tempPath=!tempPath: =_!"
  83. REM echo temp_space_replacement=!tempPath!
  84. REM replace "\" by "\\"
  85. set "tempPath=!tempPath:\=\\!"			
  86. REM echo temp_backslash_doubled=!tempPath!
  87. REM count number of backslashes in the path (equals folder depth)
  88. REM echo tempPath=!tempPath!
  89. FOR /L %%K IN (1,1,15) DO (
  90. if defined tempPath (
  91. REM echo tempPath=!tempPath!		
  92. set "tempPath=!tempPath:*\\=!"        	
  93. REM echo D1 =%%D
  94. if not "!tempPath!"=="!tempPath:\\=!" (
  95. set /A "depth+=1"
  96. REM echo xLevel=!depth!
  97. REM echo D2 =%%D		       
  98. )
  99. )
  100. )
  101. set /a currentLevel=!depth!-!rootLevel!
  102. REM echo calculating relative level
  103. REM echo.
  104. REM echo.
  105. REM echo absolute level=!depth!
  106. REM echo relative level=!currentLevel!
  107. REM echo maxLevel=!maxLevel!
  108. REM echo folderpath=%folderPath%
  109. REM echo D3 =%%D
  110. REM echo.
  111. REM echo.
  112. REM loop through files in the current folder
  113. if !currentLevel! leq !maxLevel! (
  114. Pushd %%D
  115. REM Echo now in %%D
  116. REM echo proecessing files in this folder...
  117. REM echo.
  118. if !currentLevel! leq !maxLevel! (
  119. FOR %%G IN (*.pdf) DO (                
  120. set "filename=%%~nxG"
  121. echo %%~fG
  122. set /a totalFiles+=1
  123. REM echo totalFiles=!totalFiles!
  124. REM Check if filename beginns with "DRW_"
  125. if "!filename:~0,4!"=="DRW_" (
  126. set /a correctFiles+=1
  127. ) else (
  128. REM Check if filename beginns with "500"
  129. if "!filename:~0,3!"=="500" (
  130. set /a renameFiles+=1
  131. ) else (
  132. set /a incorrectFiles+=1
  133. )
  134. )
  135. )
  136. REM echo.
  137. ) else (
  138. echo reached maxLevel for file loop which should not happen	   
  139. )
  140. ) else (
  141. REM echo reached maxLevel
  142. )
  143. popd
  144. )
  145. )
  146. REM summary of found files
  147. echo.
  148. echo Number of total checked PDF files: %totalFiles%
  149. echo Number of correct named PDF files: %correctFiles%
  150. echo Number of PDF files to be renamed: %renameFiles%
  151. echo Number of other PDF files: %incorrectFiles%
  152. pause

I have no other idea, but maybe someone else has one.

答案1

得分: 0

您大部分时间都使用了设置变量的方式“var=value”。但是有几行您使用了“set var=value”的方式。这可能是导致文件夹名称中含有空格的问题以及文件/文件夹名称中特殊字符（例如“&”字符）可能会出现问题的原因。
需要更改的行是：

set tempPath=!folderPath!
set tempPath=%%D

我不确定对于pushd命令是否需要，但在使用文件/文件夹名称时，请始终使用双引号。安全第一。

关于延迟扩展的使用还有一点要注意。如果您的文件/文件夹名称中包含“!”字符，这些名称可能会失败，因为启用了延迟扩展会剥离“!”字符。

英文:

You are using most of the time the set "var=value" way to set variables. But there are a few lines where you have used the set var=value way. This is likely the cause of the problems with the folder with a space and may als cause problems with special characters in file/folder names, for example the & character.
Lines to changes are:

  1. set tempPath=!folderPath!
  2. set tempPath=%%D

I am not sure if it is necessary for the pushd command, but when using file/foldernames always use double quot's. Better safe than sorry.

One more remark regarding the use of delayed expansion. If you have folders/files with the ! character these will fail because the enabled delayed expansion will strip the ! character.

答案2

得分: 0

以下是正常工作的代码部分的翻译：

  1. @echo off
  2. setlocal
  3. setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
  5. REM 用户输入文件夹路径并进行检查
  6. :checkFolderPath
  7. set /p folderPath=请输入文件夹路径: 
  8. if not exist "!folderPath!" (
  9.     echo 给定的路径不存在。请输入有效路径：
  10.     goto :checkFolderPath
  11. )
  13. REM 从给定路径中删除引号（当将文件夹拖放到cmd中时会发生）
  14. set "folderPath=!folderPath:"=!"
  16. REM 用户输入最大搜索深度并进行检查
  17. :checkMaxLevel
  18. echo.
  19. set /p maxLevel=请输入子文件夹的最大搜索深度，其中 !folderPath! 表示级别 0: 
  20. echo.
  21. for /f "tokens=* delims=0123456789" %%i in ("%maxLevel%") DO (
  22.     if not "%%i"=="" (
  23.         echo 输入必须为数字。请输入有效数字，例如 2。
  24.         goto :checkMaxLevel
  25.     )
  26. )
  28. REM 初始化计数器
  29. if not defined maxLevel set maxLevel=1
  30. set currentLevel=-1
  31. set totalFiles=0
  32. set correctFiles=0
  33. set renameFiles=0
  34. set incorrectFiles=0
  35. set "tempPath=!folderPath!"
  37. REM 将空格符替换为 "_"，将 "\" 替换为 "\\"
  38. set "tempPath=!tempPath: =_!"
  39. set "tempPath=!tempPath:\=\\!"
  41. REM 计算路径中的反斜杠数（等于文件夹深度）
  42. set /a "depth=1"
  44. :loop
  45. if defined tempPath (
  46.     set "tempPath=!tempPath:*\\=!"
  47.     if not "!tempPath!"=="!tempPath:\\=!" (
  48.         set /A "depth+=1"
  49.         goto :loop
  50.     )
  51. )
  53. set /a rootLevel=%depth%
  55. echo 绝对文件夹深度为 "%folderPath%" 是: %rootLevel%
  56. echo.
  57. echo.
  59. REM 如果给定的 maxLevel 为 0，则跳过循环遍历文件夹
  60. if !maxLevel! == 0 (		
  61.     pushd "!folderpath!"
  62.     FOR %%R IN (*.pdf) DO (                
  63.         set "filename=%%~nxR"
  64.         echo %%~fR
  65.         set /a totalFiles+=1
  66.         REM 检查文件名是否以 "DRW_" 开头
  67.         if "!filename:~0,4!"=="DRW_" (
  68.             set /a correctFiles+=1
  69.         ) else (
  70.             REM 检查文件名是否以 "500" 开头
  71.             if "!filename:~0,3!"=="500" (
  72.                 set /a renameFiles+=1
  73.             ) else (
  74.                 set /a incorrectFiles+=1
  75.             )
  76.         )
  77.     )
  78. ) else (
  79.     REM 循环遍历子文件夹，直到达到给定的 maxLevel
  80.     FOR /R "%folderPath%" %%D IN (.) DO (
  81.         set "depth=-1"
  82.     
  83.         REM 将 tempPath 设置为变量 %%D，并删除末尾的 "."
  84.         set "tempPath=%%D"
  85.         set "tempPath=!tempPath:.=!"
  86.     
  87.         REM 将空格符替换为 "_"
  88.         set "tempPath=!tempPath: =_!"
  89.         
  90.         REM 将 "\" 替换为 "\\"
  91.         set "tempPath=!tempPath:\=\\!"            
  92.         
  93.         REM 计算路径中的反斜杠数（等于文件夹深度）
  94.         FOR /L %%K IN (1,1,15) DO (
  95.             if defined tempPath (
  96.                 set "tempPath=!tempPath:*\\=!"        	     
  97.                 if not "!tempPath!"=="!tempPath:\\=!" (
  98.                     set /A "depth+=1"
  99.                 )
  100.             )
  101.         )
  102.         
  103.         REM 计算相对级别
  104.         set /a currentLevel=!depth!-!rootLevel!
  105.         
  106.         REM 循环遍历当前文件夹中的文件
  107.         if !currentLevel! leq !maxLevel! (
  108.             Pushd "%%D"
  109.             if !currentLevel! leq !maxLevel! (
  110.                 FOR %%G IN (*.pdf) DO (                
  111.                     set "filename=%%~nxG"
  112.                     echo %%~fG
  113.                     set /a totalFiles+=1
  114.                     REM 检查文件名是否以 "DRW_" 开头
  115.                     if "!filename:~0,4!"=="DRW_" (
  116.                         set /a correctFiles+=1
  117.                     ) else (
  118.                         REM 检查文件名是否以 "500" 开头
  119.                         if "!filename:~0,3!"=="500" (
  120.                             set /a renameFiles+=1
  121.                         ) else (
  122.                             set /a incorrectFiles+=1
  123.                         )
  124.                     )
  125.                 )		
  126.             ) else (
  127.                 echo 到达了文件循环的 maxLevel，这不应该发生	   
  128.             )
  129.             popd
  130.         ) else (
  131.             REM 到达 maxLevel
  132.         )
  133.     )
  134. )
  136. REM 汇总找到的文件
  137. echo.
  138. echo 总共检查的 PDF 文件数: %totalFiles%
  139. echo 正确命名的 PDF 文件数: %correctFiles%
  140. echo 需要重命名的 PDF 文件数: %renameFiles%
  141. echo 其他 PDF 文件数: %incorrectFiles%
  143. pause

注意：这是代码部分的翻译，不包括代码之外的任何额外内容。

英文:

Now this is the code, that works as supposed:

  1. @echo off
  2. setlocal
  3. setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
  4. REM User input for folderPath and check
  5. :checkFolderPath
  6. set /p folderPath="Please enter the folderpath: "
  7. if not exist "!folderPath!" (
  8. echo The given path does not exist. Please enter a valid path:
  9. goto :checkFolderPath
  10. )
  11. REM remove quotiation marks from a given path (happens when drag and drop a folder into cmd)
  12. set "folderPath=!folderPath:"=!"
  13. REM User input for maxLevel and check
  14. :checkMaxLevel
  15. echo.
  16. set /p maxLevel="Please enter the max search depth for subfolders where !folderPath! represents Level 0: "
  17. echo.
  18. for /f "tokens=* delims=0123456789" %%i in ("%maxLevel%") DO (
  19. if not "%%i"=="" (
  20. echo The input has to be a number. Please enter a valid number e.g. 2.
  21. goto :checkMaxLevel
  22. )
  23. )
  24. REM initiate counter
  25. if not defined maxLevel set maxLevel=1
  26. set currentLevel=-1
  27. set totalFiles=0
  28. set correctFiles=0
  29. set renameFiles=0
  30. set incorrectFiles=0
  31. set changedFiles=0
  32. set "tempPath=!folderPath!"
  33. REM replace space symbol by "_" and "\" by "\\"
  34. set "tempPath=!tempPath: =_!"
  35. set "tempPath=!tempPath:\=\\!"
  36. REM count number of backslashes in the path (equals folder depth)
  37. set /a "depth=1"
  38. :loop
  39. if defined tempPath (
  40. set "tempPath=!tempPath:*\\=!"
  41. if not "!tempPath!"=="!tempPath:\\=!" (
  42. set /A "depth+=1"
  43. goto :loop
  44. )
  45. )
  46. set /a rootLevel=%depth%
  47. echo The absolute folder depth of "%folderPath%" is: %rootLevel%
  48. echo.
  49. echo.
  50. REM Skip loop through folders if given maxLevel is 0
  51. if !maxLevel! == 0 (		
  52. pushd "!folderpath!"
  53. FOR %%R IN (*.pdf) DO (                
  54. set "filename=%%~nxR"
  55. echo %%~fR
  56. set /a totalFiles+=1
  57. REM echo totalFiles=!totalFiles!
  58. REM Check if filename beginns with "DRW_"
  59. if "!filename:~0,4!"=="DRW_" (
  60. set /a correctFiles+=1
  61. ) else (
  62. REM Check if filename beginns with "500"
  63. if "!filename:~0,3!"=="500" (
  64. set /a renameFiles+=1
  65. ) else (
  66. set /a incorrectFiles+=1
  67. )
  68. )
  69. )
  70. ) else (
  71. REM Loop through subfolders up to given maxLevel
  72. FOR /R "%folderPath%" %%D in (.) DO (
  73. set "depth=-1"
  74. REM set tempPath to variable %%D and remove the . at the end
  75. set "tempPath=%%D"
  76. set "tempPath=!tempPath:.=!"
  77. REM replace space symbol by "_"
  78. set "tempPath=!tempPath: =_!"
  79. REM replace "\" by "\\"
  80. set "tempPath=!tempPath:\=\\!"			
  81. REM count number of backslashes in the path (equals folder depth)
  82. FOR /L %%K IN (1,1,15) DO (
  83. if defined tempPath (
  84. REM echo tempPath=!tempPath!		
  85. set "tempPath=!tempPath:*\\=!"        	
  86. REM echo D1 =%%D
  87. if not "!tempPath!"=="!tempPath:\\=!" (
  88. set /A "depth+=1"
  89. REM echo xLevel=!depth!
  90. REM echo D2 =%%D		       
  91. )
  92. )
  93. )
  94. REM echo calculating relative level
  95. set /a currentLevel=!depth!-!rootLevel!
  96. REM loop through files in the current folder
  97. if !currentLevel! leq !maxLevel! (
  98. Pushd "%%D"
  99. if !currentLevel! leq !maxLevel! (
  100. FOR %%G IN (*.pdf) DO (                
  101. set "filename=%%~nxG"
  102. echo %%~fG
  103. set /a totalFiles+=1
  104. REM echo totalFiles=!totalFiles!
  105. REM Check if filename beginns with "DRW_"
  106. if "!filename:~0,4!"=="DRW_" (
  107. set /a correctFiles+=1
  108. ) else (
  109. REM Check if filename beginns with "500"
  110. if "!filename:~0,3!"=="500" (
  111. set /a renameFiles+=1
  112. ) else (
  113. set /a incorrectFiles+=1
  114. )
  115. )
  116. )		
  117. ) else (
  118. echo reached maxLevel for file loop which should not happen	   
  119. )
  120. ) else (
  121. REM echo reached maxLevel
  122. )
  123. popd
  124. )
  125. )
  126. REM summary of found files
  127. echo.
  128. echo Number of total checked PDF files: %totalFiles%
  129. echo Number of correct named PDF files: %correctFiles%
  130. echo Number of PDF files to be renamed: %renameFiles%
  131. echo Number of other PDF files: %incorrectFiles%
  132. pause

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  • 本文由 发表于 2023年5月26日 16:06:04
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