R正则表达式以获取部分匹配

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英文:

R regex to get partly match

问题

I want to use stri_replace_all_regex to replace string but failed. I would like to know whether there are other methods to overcome it.
Thanks for anyone who gives help to me!

try:
the first:

> library(string)
> a <- c('abc2','xycd2','mnb345','tumb b~','lymavc') 
> b <- c('ab','abc','xyc','mnb','tum','mn','tumb','lym','lymav') 
> stri_replace_all_regex(a, "\\b" %s+% b %s+% "\\S+", b, vectorize_all=FALSE)

However, the result is :

> c("ab","xyc","mn" ,"tum b~","lym")

which is not I want.
I want the result should be:

> c('abc','xyc','mnb','tumb','lymac')

the second:

> pattern <- paste0("\\b(", b, ")\\S+", collapse = "|")
> gsub(pattern, "\\w", a)

However it failed.
I feel sorry it's my mistake that I do not express clearly.
In fact, I want to replace b with a.
As you see, a and b have some similar parts on the left, I want to remove the difference from a. But should be greedy match.
For example:
The result of 'tumb b~‘ should be 'thumb' not 'tum' and the result of 'mnb345‘ should be 'mnb' not 'mn'.
I just learn regex expression, so my try may be complex and cumbersome. Looking forward for your reply!

A new question occurs.

> a <- c('tums310','tums310~20','tums320')
> b<-c('tums1','tums2','tums3')

I want the result should be
> "tums3" "tums3" "tums3"

英文:

I want to use stri_replace_all_regex to replace string but failed. I would like to know whether there are other methods to overcome it.
Thanks for anyone who gives help to me!

try:
the first:

&gt; library(string)
&gt; a &lt;- c(&#39;abc2&#39;,&#39;xycd2&#39;,&#39;mnb345&#39;,&#39;tumb b~&#39;,&#39;lymavc&#39;) 
&gt; b &lt;- c(&#39;ab&#39;,&#39;abc&#39;,&#39;xyc&#39;,&#39;mnb&#39;,&#39;tum&#39;,&#39;mn&#39;,&#39;tumb&#39;,&#39;lym&#39;,&#39;lymav&#39;) 
&gt; stri_replace_all_regex(a, &quot;\\b&quot; %s+% b %s+% &quot;\\S+&quot;, b, vectorize_all=FALSE)

However, the result is :

&gt; c(&quot;ab&quot;,&quot;xyc&quot;,&quot;mn&quot; ,&quot;tum b~&quot;,&quot;lym&quot;)

which is not I want.
I want the result should be:

&gt; c(&#39;abc&#39;,&#39;xyc&#39;,&#39;mnb&#39;,&#39;tumb&#39;,&#39;lymac&#39;)

the second:

&gt; pattern &lt;- paste0(&quot;\\b(&quot;, b, &quot;)\\S+&quot;, collapse = &quot;|&quot;)
&gt; gsub(pattern, &quot;\\w&quot;, a)

However it failed.
I feel sorry it's my mistake that I do not express clearly.
In fact, I want to replace b with a.
As you see, a and b have some similar parts on the left, I want to remove the difference from a. But should be greedy match.
For example:
The result of &#39;tumb b~‘ should be &#39;thumb&#39; not &#39;tum&#39; and the result of &#39;mnb345‘ should be &#39;mnb&#39; not &#39;mn&#39;.
I just learn regex expresion, so my try may be complex and cumbersome. Looking forward for your reply!

A new questions occurs.

> a <- c('tums310','tums310~20','tums320')
> b<-c('tums1','tums2','tums3')

I want the result should be
> "tums3" "tums3" "tums3"

答案1

得分: 2

也许您正在寻找 adist

a <- c('abc2','xycd2','mnb345','tumb b~','lymavc') 
b <- c('ab','abc','xyc','mnb','tum','mn','tumb','lym','lymav')
b[apply(adist(b, a) + adist(b, a, partial=TRUE), 2, which.min)]
#[1] "abc"   "xyc"   "mnb"   "tumb"  "lymav"

a <- c('tums310','tums310~20','tums320')  
b <- c('tums1','tums2','tums3')
b[apply(adist(b, a) + adist(b, a, partial=TRUE), 2, which.min)]
#[1] "tums3" "tums3" "tums3"
英文:

Maybe you are looking for adist.

a &lt;- c(&#39;abc2&#39;,&#39;xycd2&#39;,&#39;mnb345&#39;,&#39;tumb b~&#39;,&#39;lymavc&#39;) 
b &lt;- c(&#39;ab&#39;,&#39;abc&#39;,&#39;xyc&#39;,&#39;mnb&#39;,&#39;tum&#39;,&#39;mn&#39;,&#39;tumb&#39;,&#39;lym&#39;,&#39;lymav&#39;)
b[apply(adist(b, a) + adist(b, a, partial=TRUE), 2, which.min)]
#[1] &quot;abc&quot;   &quot;xyc&quot;   &quot;mnb&quot;   &quot;tumb&quot;  &quot;lymav&quot;

a &lt;- c(&#39;tums310&#39;,&#39;tums310~20&#39;,&#39;tums320&#39;)  
b &lt;- c(&#39;tums1&#39;,&#39;tums2&#39;,&#39;tums3&#39;)
b[apply(adist(b, a) + adist(b, a, partial=TRUE), 2, which.min)]
#[1] &quot;tums3&quot; &quot;tums3&quot; &quot;tums3&quot;

答案2

得分: 0

以下是使用stringdist_join函数的fuzzy_join解决方案:

library(fuzzyjoin)
stringdist_join(
  # 将`b`作为数据框与...
  data.frame(b),
  # ... 以数据框形式连接`a`:
  data.frame(a),
  # 通过...连接:
  by = c("b" = "a"),
  # 使用左连接:
  mode = 'left',
  # 使用Jaro-Winkler距离度量:
  method = "jw",
  # 启用不区分大小写的匹配:
  ignore_case = TRUE,
  # 距离列的名称:
  distance_col = 'dist') %>%
# 保留最接近的匹配项:
group_by(a) %>%
slice_min(order_by = dist, n = 1)
# 一个tibble:5 × 3
# 组:a [5]
  b     a         dist
  <chr> <chr>    <dbl>
1 abc   abc2    0.0833
2 lymav lymavc  0.0556
3 mnb   mnb345  0.167 
4 tumb  tumb b~ 0.143 
5 xyc   xycd2   0.133

b现在包含了与a最接近的匹配值。

英文:

Here's a fuzzy_join solution with the function stringdist_join:

library(fuzzyjoin)
stringdist_join(
  # join `b` as a dataframe ... 
  data.frame(b),
  # ... with `a` as a dataframe:
  data.frame(a),
  # join by ...:
  by = c(&quot;b&quot; = &quot;a&quot;)
  # use left join:
  mode = &#39;left&#39;,
  # use Jaro-Winkler distance metric:
  method = &quot;jw&quot;,
  # enable case-insensitive matching:
  ignore_case = TRUE,
  # name for distance column:
  distance_col = &#39;dist&#39;) %&gt;% 
# retain only closest matches:
group_by(a) %&gt;%
  slice_min(order_by = dist, n = 1)
# A tibble: 5 &#215; 3
# Groups:   a [5]
  b     a         dist
  &lt;chr&gt; &lt;chr&gt;    &lt;dbl&gt;
1 abc   abc2    0.0833
2 lymav lymavc  0.0556
3 mnb   mnb345  0.167 
4 tumb  tumb b~ 0.143 
5 xyc   xycd2   0.133

b contains now the most closely matching values for a.

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  • 本文由 发表于 2023年2月14日 09:08:06
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