使用Django REST框架进行POST请求到一个带有嵌套序列化器的模型

huangapple
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英文:

POST request to a model with a nested serializer Django rest framework

问题

我有一个Product模型，它与Brand模型有多对一的关系

  1. class Product(models.Model):
  2.     name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
  3.     description = models.CharField(max_length=500)
  4.     sku = models.CharField(max_length=50)
  5.     upc = models.CharField(max_length=12, blank=True)
  6.     asin = models.CharField(max_length=10, blank=True)
  7.     brand = models.ForeignKey(
  8.         Brand,
  9.         on_delete=models.CASCADE,
  10.         null=True,
  11.     )
  12.     vendors = models.ManyToManyField(Vendor, blank=True)
  13.     added = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
  14.     updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
  16.     def __str__(self):
  17.         return self.name + "：" + self.description

Brand模型

  1. class Brand(models.Model):
  2.     name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
  4.     def __str__(self):
  5.         return self.name

以及嵌套的序列化器

  1. class ProductSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  2.     brand = BrandSerializer(required=False, read_only=True)
  4.     class Meta:
  5.         model = Product
  6.         fields = "__all__"

当我发出POST请求以将新产品添加到我的表时，我一直收到错误，而我无法弄清楚如何构造发送的JSON

唯一的方法是，如果我发送以下JSON，它不会引发axios错误，但当我这样做时，添加到数据库的产品的品牌设置为NULL

  1. {
  2.   "name": "examplename",
  3.   "description": "example desc",
  4.   "sku": "SKUSKUSKU",
  5.   "asin": "ASINASIN12",
  6.   "brand": {
  7.     "id": 1,
  8.     "name": "Honeywell"
  9.   }
  10. }

这是发送请求的函数

  1. function addProduct(product) {
  2.     // axios post request for a new product
  3.     console.log(product)
  4.     axios.post("http://127.0.0.1:8000/products/", product)
  5.         .then((response) => {
  6.             console.log(response);
  7.             alert("Success");
  8.             reset('productForm')
  9.         })
  10.         .catch((error) => {
  11.             console.log(error);
  12.             alert(error);
  13.         })
  14. }

在向具有关系的模型发送数据时，我必须发送整个嵌套在JSON中的"brand"对象，还是只需发送"brand"的id（主键）？

我做错了什么？

编辑：
这是通过从Django管理页面手动创建的单个产品进行GET请求时获取的正确JSON

  1. {
  2.         "id": 9,
  3.         "brand": {
  4.             "id": 2,
  5.             "name": "Beano"
  6.         },
  7.         "vendors": [],
  8.         "name": "beans",
  9.         "description": "big ol can o beans",
  10.         "sku": "beansbeansbeans",
  11.         "upc": "",
  12.         "asin": "bB00nvn",
  13.         "added": "2022-12-28T19:09:30.007480Z",
  14.         "updated": "2022-12-28T19:09:30.013781Z"
  15.     }
英文:

i have a Product model that has a many-to-one relationship with a Brand model

  1. class Product(models.Model):
  2.     name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
  3.     description = models.CharField(max_length=500)
  4.     sku = models.CharField(max_length=50)
  5.     upc = models.CharField(max_length=12, blank=True)
  6.     asin = models.CharField(max_length=10, blank=True)
  7.     brand = models.ForeignKey(
  8.         Brand,
  9.         on_delete=models.CASCADE,
  10.         null=True,
  11.     )
  12.     # buybox = models.FloatField(blank=True)
  13.     vendors = models.ManyToManyField(Vendor, blank=True)
  14.     added = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
  15.     updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
  17.     def __str__(self):
  18.         return self.name + ": " + self.description

Brand model

  1. class Brand(models.Model):
  2.     name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
  4.     def __str__(self):
  5.         return self.name

and a nested serializer

  1. class ProductSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  2.     brand = BrandSerializer(required=False, read_only=True)
  4.     class Meta:
  5.         model = Product
  6.         fields = "__all__"

when i make a POST request to add a new product to my table i keep getting errors and i cant figure out how to structure the json that is getting sent

the only way i can get it to not give an axios error is if i send the following JSON but when i do, the product that gets added to the database has the brand set as NULL

  1. {
  2.   "name": "examplename",
  3.   "description": "example desc",
  4.   "sku": "SKUSKUSKU",
  5.   "asin": "ASINASIN12",
  6.   "price": "11.11",
  7.   "brand": {
  8.     "id": 1,
  9.     "name": "Honeywell"
  10.   }
  11. }

here is the function that sends the request

  1. function addProduct(product) {
  2.     // axios post request for a new product
  3.     console.log(product)
  4.     axios.post("http://127.0.0.1:8000/products/", product)
  5.         .then((response) => {
  6.             console.log(response);
  7.             alert("Success");
  8.             reset('productForm')
  10.         })
  11.         .catch((error) => {
  12.             console.log(error);
  13.             alert(error);
  14.         })
  15. }

when posting data to a model that has a relationship, do i have to send the id (primary key) of the "brand" in this case or do i send the whole brand object nested in the JSON?

what am i doing wrong?

EDIT:
heres the correct JSON that i get when doing a GET request of a single product that was created manually from the django admin page

  1. {
  2.         "id": 9,
  3.         "brand": {
  4.             "id": 2,
  5.             "name": "Beano"
  6.         },
  7.         "vendors": [],
  8.         "name": "beans",
  9.         "description": "big ol can o beans",
  10.         "sku": "beansbeansbeans",
  11.         "upc": "",
  12.         "asin": "bB00nvn",
  13.         "added": "2022-12-28T19:09:30.007480Z",
  14.         "updated": "2022-12-28T19:09:30.013781Z"
  15.     }

答案1

得分: 1

我认为你需要重写序列化器中的默认create()方法。

英文:

i think you have to override the default create() method in the serializer

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2023年2月8日 23:04:20
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接：https://go.coder-hub.com/75387691.html
  • axios
  • django-rest-framework
  • javascript
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