英文:
Saving of 2-D array to the binary file in C language
问题
我试图将一个二维整数数组保存到二进制文件中。问题是只有二维数组的第一行被保存了。以下是我附上的输出,您将更好地理解问题。提前感谢您的帮助。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define N_MAX 100
// 函数声明
int readMatrix(FILE *fp, int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX]);
void printMatrix(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
void switchMax(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
int avg(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
int sumDown(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
int sumUp(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
void sortMainDiagonal(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
int main()
{
int size, matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], test[N_MAX][N_MAX];
FILE *fp;
fp = fopen("input.txt", "r");
if (fp != NULL)
{
size = readMatrix(fp, matrix);
fclose(fp);
switchMax(matrix, size);
avg(matrix, size);
sortMainDiagonal(matrix, size);
printf("\n原始矩阵: \n");
printMatrix(matrix, size);
// 保存到二进制文件
fp = fopen("output.bin", "w");
if (fp != NULL)
{
fwrite(matrix, sizeof(int), size*size, fp);
fclose(fp);
} else {
printf("错误 #e2");
}
// 从二进制文件读取
fp = fopen("output.bin", "r");
if (fp != NULL)
{
fread(test, sizeof(int), size*size, fp);
fclose(fp);
printf("\n从文件中读取的矩阵: \n");
printMatrix(test, size);
} else {
printf("错误 #e3");
}
} else {
printf("错误 #e1");
}
}
// 函数定义
int readMatrix(FILE *fp, int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX])
{
int size = 0;
fscanf(fp, "%d", &size);
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < size; j++)
fscanf(fp, "%d", &matrix[i][j]);
return size;
}
void printMatrix(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < size; j++)
{
printf("%d ", matrix[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
void switchMax(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
int max = 0, row = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < size; j++)
{
if (matrix[j][i] > max)
{
max = matrix[j][i];
row = j;
}
}
matrix[row][i] = matrix[i][i];
matrix[i][i] = max;
max = 0;
}
}
int avg(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
int avg;
avg = (sumDown(matrix, size) + sumUp(matrix, size)) / 2;
matrix[size-1][size-1] = avg;
return avg;
}
int sumDown(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < size; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
sum += matrix[i][j];
return sum;
}
int sumUp(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < size-1; i++)
for (int j = i+1; j < size; j++)
sum += matrix[i][j];
return sum;
}
void sortMainDiagonal(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
int temp;
for (int i = 0; i < size-1; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < (size-1-i); j++)
{
if (matrix[j][j] > matrix[j+1][j+1])
{
temp = matrix[j][j];
matrix[j][j] = matrix[j+1][j+1];
matrix[j+1][j+1] = temp;
}
}
}
}
'printMatrix' 函数的输出截图:
点击查看
文件 'input.txt' 内容:
4
5 6 1 8
1 20 3 4
9 0 11 12
13 4 15 1
英文:
I'm trying to save a 2-D array of integers to a binary file. The problem is that only the first row of the 2-D array is saved. Below I have attached the outputs from which you will better understand the problem. Thanks in advance for the help.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define N_MAX 100
// Declaration of functions
int readMatrix(FILE *fp, int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX]);
void printMatrix(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
void switchMax(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
int avg(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
int sumDown(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
int sumUp(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
void sortMainDiagonal(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size);
int main()
{
int size, matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], test[N_MAX][N_MAX];
FILE *fp;
fp = fopen("input.txt", "r");
if (fp != NULL)
{
size = readMatrix(fp, matrix);
fclose(fp);
switchMax(matrix, size);
avg(matrix, size);
sortMainDiagonal(matrix, size);
printf("\nOriginal matrix: \n");
printMatrix(matrix, size);
// SAVE ON BINARY FILE
fp = fopen("output.bin", "w");
if (fp != NULL)
{
fwrite(matrix, sizeof(int), size*size, fp);
fclose(fp);
} else {
printf("Error #e2");
}
// READ FROM BINARY FILE
fp = fopen("output.bin", "r");
if (fp != NULL)
{
fread(test, sizeof(int), size*size, fp);
fclose(fp);
printf("\nMatrix from file: \n");
printMatrix(test, size);
} else {
printf("Error #e3");
}
} else {
printf("Errore #e1");
}
}
// Definition of functions
int readMatrix(FILE *fp, int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX])
{
int size = 0;
fscanf(fp, "%d", &size);
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < size; j++)
fscanf(fp, "%d", &matrix[i][j]);
return size;
}
void printMatrix(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < size; j++)
{
printf("%d ", matrix[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
void switchMax(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
int max = 0, row = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < size; j++)
{
if (matrix[j][i] > max)
{
max = matrix[j][i];
row = j;
}
}
matrix[row][i] = matrix[i][i];
matrix[i][i] = max;
max = 0;
}
}
int avg(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
int avg;
avg = (sumDown(matrix, size) + sumUp(matrix, size)) / 2;
matrix[size-1][size-1] = avg;
return avg;
}
int sumDown(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < size; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
sum += matrix[i][j];
return sum;
}
int sumUp(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < size-1; i++)
for (int j = i+1; j < size; j++)
sum += matrix[i][j];
return sum;
}
void sortMainDiagonal(int matrix[N_MAX][N_MAX], int size)
{
int temp;
for (int i = 0; i < size-1; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < (size-1-i); j++)
{
if (matrix[j][j] > matrix[j+1][j+1])
{
temp = matrix[j][j];
matrix[j][j] = matrix[j+1][j+1];
matrix[j+1][j+1] = temp;
}
}
}
}
Screenshot of outputs from 'printMatrix' function:
click
File 'input.txt':
4
5 6 1 8
1 20 3 4
9 0 11 12
13 4 15 1
答案1
得分: 1
你没有显示N_MAX
的值,但你的图像(应该是问题中的文本!)显示一个4x4的矩阵。将来,请创建一个MCVE(Minimal, Complete, Verifiable Example)。
然而,让我们假设N_MAX
是16或更多(但dim
是4)。那么你的代码在写入矩阵时写了很多零。并且跳过了其他数据。
你的矩阵看起来像这样:
13 6 1 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 15 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 0 20 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 4 11 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
而fwrite()
写入了读取的前16个整数值。正如你演示的那样,其中有12个是零。
要写入子数组,你需要分别写入矩阵的前dim
行的dim
个条目。
for (size_t i = 0; i < dim; i++)
{
if (fwrite(matrix[i], sizeof(int), dim, fp) != dim)
err_syserr("矩阵的第%zu行写入错误\n", i);
}
fread()
代码也类似。
函数err_syserr()
在退出之前格式化并打印给定的错误消息和与errno
关联的系统错误消息,退出时返回非零(失败)状态。在我的GitHub SOQ(Stack Overflow Questions)存储库中的文件stderr.c
和stderr.h
中提供了一套全面的错误报告函数,位于src/libsoq子目录中。
英文:
You don't show the value for N_MAX
, but your image (which should be text in the question!) shows a 4x4 matrix. In future, please create an MCVE (Minimal, Complete, Verifiable Example).
However, let's suppose N_MAX
is 16 or more (but that dim
is 4). Then your code to write the matrix is writing a lot of zeroes. And skipping the other data.
Your matrix looks like:
13 6 1 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 15 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 0 20 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 4 11 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
And the fwrite()
writes the first 16 integer values reading across. As you demonstrated, 12 of those are zeros.
To write a sub-array, you'll have to write the dim
entries of each of the matrix's first dim
rows separately.
for (size_t i = 0; i < dim; i++)
{
if (fwrite(matrix[i], sizeof(int), dim, fp) != dim)
err_syserr("short write on row %zu of matrix\n", i);
}
And similarly with the fread()
code.
<sup>
The function err_syserr()
formats and prints the given error message and the system error message associated with errno
before exiting with a non-zero (failure) status. A comprehensive suite of error reporting functions is available in my SOQ (Stack Overflow Questions) repository on GitHub as files stderr.c
and stderr.h
in the src/libsoq sub-directory.*
</sup>
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