问题

以下是要翻译的内容：

"我正在尝试创建一个界面，让学生可以根据共同的兴趣与班级中的其他学生匹配，以进行小组项目。我在Django视图中有一个查询集(queryset)，然后我可以使用select_related获取父对象，并在Anaconda Prompt中打印字段（在本地服务器上运行时），但似乎无法在模板中显示该字段...我漏掉了什么？

这是我的模型文件的相关部分：

class Profile(models.Model):
    first_nm = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    last_nm = models.CharField(max_length=100)

class Potential(models.Model):
    user1 = models.ForeignKey(Profile, related_name='user1', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    user2 = models.ForeignKey(Profile, related_name='user2', on_delete=models.CASCADE)

这是我的视图的相关部分：

def matches(request):
    my_user = request.user
    my_id = Profile.objects.get(slug=my_user)
    the_matches = Potential.objects.filter(Q(user1=my_id) | Q(user2=my_id)).all().select_related('user1','user2')
    print(the_matches.values())
    print(the_matches.values('user2__first_nm'))
    return render(request,'projects/matches_list.html', { 'matches':the_matches})

这是模板的相关部分：

{% for match in matches %}
     <div class="matches">
       <p>{{ match.user1.first_nm }}</p>
       <p>{{ match.user2.first_nm }}</p>
     </div>
{% endfor %}

在上面的模板中，为什么这不起作用？

提前感谢您的帮助！

我尝试使用如上所示的语法，例如：

<p>{{ match.user2.first_nm }}</p>

并且当仅在控制台中打印时，我得到

<QuerySet [{'user2__first_nm': 'test_nm'}]>

从上面视图中的倒数第二行，但当我在本地运行时，HTML显示为空的p标签。我做错了什么？

谢谢！

<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>

I&#39;m trying to create an interface where students can match with other students in the class for a group project based on shared interests and I have a queryset in a django view and from there I am able to use select_related to get the parent object and even print the fields in Anaconda Prompt (when running on local server) but I can&#39;t seem to get the field to show up in a template...what am I missing?

Here is the relevant part of my models file:

class Profile(models.Model):
first_nm = models.CharField(max_length=100)
last_nm = models.CharField(max_length=100)

class Potential(models.Model):
user1 = models.ForeignKey(Profile, related_name='user1', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
user2 = models.ForeignKey(Profile, related_name='user2', on_delete=models.CASCADE)

Here is the relevant part of my view:

def matches(request):
my_user = request.user
my_id = Profile.objects.get(slug=my_user)
the_matches = Potential.objects.filter(Q(user1=my_id) | Q(user2=my_id)).all().select_related('user1','user2')
print(the_matches.values())
print(the_matches.values('user2__first_nm'))
return render(request,'projects/matches_list.html', { 'matches':the_matches})

Here is the relevant part of the template:

{% for match in matches %}
<div class="matches">
<p>{{ match.user1__first_nm }}</p>
<p>{{ match.user2__first_nm }}</p>
</div>
{% endfor %}

In the template above, why does this not work?

Thanks in advance!


I have tried using the syntax above like:

<p>{{ match.user2__first_nm }}</p>

and when just printing to the console I get 
> <QuerySet [{'user2__first_nm': 'test_nm'}]>

from the second to last line in the view above but when I run locally, the html shows up with p tag with no contents.  What am I doing wrong?

Thanks!

</details>


# 答案1
**得分**: 1

在模板中不要使用`__`，而是使用`.`。

`__` 仅在构建查询集时使用。在您的模板中，您正在访问`Profile`对象，因此要从该对象中获取属性，您需要使用语法 `object.attribute`。

您的代码将变为：

```python
{% for match in matches %}
     &lt;div class=&quot;matches&quot;&gt;
       &lt;p&gt;{{ match.user1.first_nm }}&lt;/p&gt;
       &lt;p&gt;{{ match.user2.first_nm }}&lt;/p&gt;
     &lt;/div&gt;
{% endfor %}

{% for match in matches %}
     <div class="matches">
       <p>{{ match.user1.first_nm }}</p>
       <p>{{ match.user2.first_nm }}</p>
     </div>
{% endfor %}