英文:
How do I use django templates to get a field from the parent object of a model?
问题
以下是要翻译的内容：
"我正在尝试创建一个界面，让学生可以根据共同的兴趣与班级中的其他学生匹配，以进行小组项目。我在Django视图中有一个查询集(queryset)，然后我可以使用select_related获取父对象，并在Anaconda Prompt中打印字段（在本地服务器上运行时），但似乎无法在模板中显示该字段...我漏掉了什么？
这是我的模型文件的相关部分：
class Profile(models.Model):first_nm = models.CharField(max_length=100)last_nm = models.CharField(max_length=100)class Potential(models.Model):user1 = models.ForeignKey(Profile, related_name='user1', on_delete=models.CASCADE)user2 = models.ForeignKey(Profile, related_name='user2', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
这是我的视图的相关部分：
def matches(request):my_user = request.usermy_id = Profile.objects.get(slug=my_user)the_matches = Potential.objects.filter(Q(user1=my_id) | Q(user2=my_id)).all().select_related('user1','user2')print(the_matches.values())print(the_matches.values('user2__first_nm'))return render(request,'projects/matches_list.html', { 'matches':the_matches})
这是模板的相关部分：
{% for match in matches %}<div class="matches"><p>{{ match.user1.first_nm }}</p><p>{{ match.user2.first_nm }}</p></div>{% endfor %}
在上面的模板中，为什么这不起作用？
提前感谢您的帮助！
我尝试使用如上所示的语法，例如：
<p>{{ match.user2.first_nm }}</p>
并且当仅在控制台中打印时，我得到
<QuerySet [{'user2__first_nm': 'test_nm'}]>
从上面视图中的倒数第二行，但当我在本地运行时，HTML显示为空的p标签。我做错了什么？
谢谢！
<details><summary>英文:</summary>I'm trying to create an interface where students can match with other students in the class for a group project based on shared interests and I have a queryset in a django view and from there I am able to use select_related to get the parent object and even print the fields in Anaconda Prompt (when running on local server) but I can't seem to get the field to show up in a template...what am I missing?Here is the relevant part of my models file:
class Profile(models.Model):
first_nm = models.CharField(max_length=100)
last_nm = models.CharField(max_length=100)
class Potential(models.Model):
user1 = models.ForeignKey(Profile, related_name='user1', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
user2 = models.ForeignKey(Profile, related_name='user2', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
Here is the relevant part of my view:
def matches(request):
my_user = request.user
my_id = Profile.objects.get(slug=my_user)
the_matches = Potential.objects.filter(Q(user1=my_id) | Q(user2=my_id)).all().select_related('user1','user2')
print(the_matches.values())
print(the_matches.values('user2__first_nm'))
return render(request,'projects/matches_list.html', { 'matches':the_matches})
Here is the relevant part of the template:
{% for match in matches %}
<div class="matches">
<p>{{ match.user1__first_nm }}</p>
<p>{{ match.user2__first_nm }}</p>
</div>
{% endfor %}
In the template above, why does this not work?Thanks in advance!I have tried using the syntax above like:
<p>{{ match.user2__first_nm }}</p>
and when just printing to the console I get> <QuerySet [{'user2__first_nm': 'test_nm'}]>from the second to last line in the view above but when I run locally, the html shows up with p tag with no contents. What am I doing wrong?Thanks!</details># 答案1**得分**: 1在模板中不要使用`__`，而是使用`.`。`__` 仅在构建查询集时使用。在您的模板中，您正在访问`Profile`对象，因此要从该对象中获取属性，您需要使用语法 `object.attribute`。您的代码将变为：```python{% for match in matches %}<div class="matches"><p>{{ match.user1.first_nm }}</p><p>{{ match.user2.first_nm }}</p></div>{% endfor %}
英文:
Do not use __ in template, but use .
__ is only used when constructing QuerySets. In your template, you're accessing the Profile object, so to get an attribute from that object you use the syntax object.attribute.
Your code becomes:
{% for match in matches %}<div class="matches"><p>{{ match.user1.first_nm }}</p><p>{{ match.user2.first_nm }}</p></div>{% endfor %}
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