Golang离线安装第三方包

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英文:

golang offline install third party package

问题

我正在尝试在离线环境中安装Go语言的第三方包。我想在离线环境中像在线环境一样使用"go get <第三方包>"的方式。我可以从GitHub获取第三方包的源代码并将其放入离线环境,但是在Go语言中无法将其作为包使用。

我应该怎么做?

英文:

I'm trying to install third party package of golang in offline.
I want to do something like go get <third party package> in an online environment in an offline environment. I can get the source of the third party package from github and put it in an offline environment, but then I can't use it as a package in golang.

What should i do?

答案1

得分: 1

根据@emptyhua的评论,这个链接对我有用:https://gist.github.com/gmolveau/f09c1038ca622620e54d0579ba06ea96#file-golang_offline-md

参考步骤如下:
1)在在线机器上,确保当前目录中存在go.mod和go.sum文件,在该目录下创建一个go文件,内容如下:


import (
	_ "github.com/gorilla/mux"
	_ "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
)

func main() {}

2)运行命令:go mod vendor

3)将go.mod、go.sum和vendor目录复制到离线机器上

4)运行命令:go run -mod=vendor main.go

为了测试离线功能,我使用了一个没有网络连接的容器:
podman run --rm -it --net none -v $(pwd):/go/src:z golang

go run -mod=vendor main.go

希望对你有帮助!感谢@gmolveau提供的离线go模块

英文:

As @emptyhua commented, this link worked for me: https://gist.github.com/gmolveau/f09c1038ca622620e54d0579ba06ea96#file-golang_offline-md

For reference here:

  1. On the online machine ensure go.mod and go.sum exist in current dir
    create a go file with:

import (
	_ &quot;github.com/gorilla/mux&quot;
	_ &quot;github.com/sirupsen/logrus&quot;
)

func main() {}
  1. run: go mod vendor

  2. Copy go.mod, go.sum and vendor directory to the offline machine

  3. run: go run -mod=vendor main.go

To test offline, I used a container with no network:
podman run --rm -it --net none -v $(pwd):/go/src:z golang

cd src
go run -mod=vendor main.go

Hope that helps! Thanks @gmolveau - offline go mods

答案2

得分: 0

你可以尝试使用vendor/目录。

请参考我在https://stackoverflow.com/a/76688264/490291上的回答。

如果该软件包是Debian的一部分,也许以下操作就足够了:

ln -s /usr/share/gocode/src vendor

软件包github.com/$USER/$REPO将在vendor/github.com/$USER/$REPO/中搜索,这样你甚至可以使用git submodule来检出该软件包:

git submodule add https://github.com/$USER/$REPO.git vendor/github.com/$USER/$REPO/

> 据我所知(但我从未尝试过),git submodule update --recursive在这里的效果不如预期。因此,如果某个子模块本身有一个vendor/目录,你必须将其与你自己的vendor/目录混合在一起,因为该功能不会递归处理。至少这是我从关于该功能的(过于稀缺)文档中得到的印象。
>
> 当然,你可以使用软链接来映射子路径,就像这样:
> bash &gt; yes n | for a in vendor/*/*/*/vendor/*; do [ -d &quot;$a&quot; ] &amp;&amp; ln -is --relative &quot;$a&quot;/* &quot;vendor/`basename &quot;$a&quot;`/&quot;; done &gt;

还有一个不太为人知的git功能,允许你将任何URL映射到任何内容。因此,例如,如果你做了一个镜像(可以使用配置工具或rsync将其复制到你的服务器上):

git clone --mirror https://github.com/$USER/$REPO.git /srv/git/github.com/$USER/$REPO.git

你可以使用一行命令将https://github.com/$USER/$REPO.git映射到/srv/git/github.com/$USER/$REPO.git

git config --global url./srv/git/github.com/.insteadOf https://github.com/

> 所以:
>
> - 在某台远程网络连接的计算机上进行所有的--mirror克隆操作
> - 将镜像的仓库复制到离线计算机的/srv/git/目录下
> - 然后执行git config --global url./srv/git/.insteadOf https://
> - 然后将git submodule add添加到vendor/
>
> 或者使用git clone --recursive /srv/git/yoursource.git,该命令已经在适当位置放置了.gitmodules文件,其中包含了https://github.com/的URL,这些URL在离线环境之外有效,但在离线环境中也有效,因为它们被重新映射到/srv/git/

请注意,你可以使用这种方式映射所有的http://https:// URL,例如https://$SERVER/$USER/$REPO.git可以映射为/srv/git/$SERVER/$USER/$REPO.git,使用以下命令:

git config --global url./srv/git/.insteadOf https://
git config --global url./srv/git/.insteadOf http://

你需要记住的唯一一件事是:不要省略检出/子模块URL中的.git后缀,也不要添加尾部的/

这通常会使事情变得更加简单。因为通常你希望将“裸”git仓库(--mirror)命名为something.git而不是something,因为通常something/应该是工作树的检出。由于git在大多数情况下都足够智能,所有的git服务如GitHub或GitLab也是如此,添加.git后缀只有在重新映射时才会有好处,因为你可以将something.gitsomething-wiki.git映射为不同的内容(不带扩展名的something包括something-wiki)。

git功能url.*.insteadOf只映射前缀,你不能像更改前缀那样轻松地更改后缀。因此,如果你需要添加后缀,你必须单独重新映射每个URL,这会让事情变得不方便。此外,我认为以.git结尾的git仓库URL看起来更自然。你的情况可能有所不同。

英文:

You can try the vendor/ directory.

See my answer at https://stackoverflow.com/a/76688264/490291

If the package is part of Debian, perhaps even following is enough:

ln -s /usr/share/gocode/src vendor

A package github.com/$USER/$REPO is searched at vendor/github.com/$USER/$REPO/, such that you can even use git submodule for checking out the package:

git submodule add https://github.com/$USER/$REPO.git vendor/github.com/$USER/$REPO/

> AFAICS (but I never tried it) git submodule update --recursive does not work here as expected. So if some submodule has a vendor/ directory itself, you must mix this into your own vendor/ directory, as this feature does not do recursion. At least that is the impression I got from the (too scarce) documentation about that feature.
>
> You can use softlinks to map the sub-paths, of course, like with
> bash
&gt; yes n | for a in vendor/*/*/*/vendor/*; do [ -d &quot;$a&quot; ] &amp;&amp; ln -is --relative &quot;$a&quot;/* &quot;vendor/`basename &quot;$a&quot;`/&quot;; done
&gt;

There is a less known git feature which allows you to map any URL to anything. So for example if you did a mirror (something you can copy to your servers with your provisioning tool or rsync):

git clone --mirror https://github.com/$USER/$REPO.git /srv/git/github.com/$USER/$REPO.git

you can map https://github.com/$USER/$REPO.git to /srv/git/github.com/$USER/$REPO.git with a single line:

git config --global url./srv/git/github.com/.insteadOf https://github.com/

> So:
>
> - On some remote networked PC do all the --mirror cloning
> - Copy the mirrored repositories to /srv/git/ on the offlined PC
> - Then do git config --global url./srv/git/.insteadOf https://
> - Then do the git submodule add into vendor/
>
> Or git clone --recursive /srv/git/yoursource.git which already has the .gitmodules file in place, which carries https://github.com/-URLs which only work outside of the offline environment, but work offline, too, as they are remapped to /srv/git/

Note that you can map all http:// and https:// URLs this way, such that https://$SERVER/$USER/$REPO.git becomes /srv/git/$SERVER/$USER/$REPO.git with

git config --global url./srv/git/.insteadOf https://
git config --global url./srv/git/.insteadOf http://

The only thing you need to remember is: Do not leave the suffix .git away in your checkouts/submodule URLs. And do not add a trailing /.

This usually makes live much easier. Because you usually want to name "bare" git repositories (--mirror) something.git and not something, as usually something/ should be the checkout of a worktree. As git is intelligent enough to remove the .git in most cases, and all git services like GitHub or GitLab do this, too, adding the .git only adds benefits when remapping, because you can map something.git and something-wiki.git differently (without extension something includes something-wiki).

The git feature url.*.insteadOf only maps the prefix, you cannot change the suffix as easily as well. So if you happen to need to add a suffix, you must remap each URL individually, which makes things uncomfortable. Also I consider ending git repo URLs on .git to look much more natural. YMMV.

答案3

得分: -2

首先,你需要为工作目录设置GOPATH
然后,你可以使用以下离线包,只需为包的路径创建一个mod文件。

使用以下代码初始化go mod文件:

go mod init <输入你的GitHub个人资料链接>

例如:

go mod init github.com/amshashankk

之后,当你导入包时,它们将在代码的导入部分中写成以下形式:

github.com/amshashankk/package

英文:

First of all, you have to set the GOPATH for the working directory.
After then you can use the following offline package just you have to create a mod file for the path of the packages.

Initialize go mod file using below code

go mod init &lt;Enter your GitHub profile link&gt;

For example:

go mod init github.com/amshashankk

after this when you import the packages they will be written as following in the import section of the code

github.com/amshashankk/package.

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2021年10月17日 17:35:21
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/69603001.html
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