英文:
Getting java.lang.AbstractMethodError when I test using REST Assured
问题
我正在尝试使用`REST Assured v4.3.0`来测试我在控制器类中定义的REST API，但是在运行测试时出现了`java.lang.AbstractMethodError`错误。我理解这个错误是因为我在调用一个抽象方法，但我很难解决这个问题。
看起来错误是由于`SampleControllerTest.java`中的`.body(is(equalTo("success")))`引起的，因为当我删除这行代码时，测试就会成功。我尝试了一些方法来解决它，但都没有成功：
- 在网上搜索了一些建议和示例，但它们要么是针对旧版本的，要么与`io.rest-assured/spring-mock-mvc`无关。
- 尝试了不同的匹配器（`org.hamcrest.Matchers.*`和`org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*`）。
- 尝试在pom文件中显式添加`org.hamcrest/hamcrest`依赖。
以下是您参考的代码：
**代码结构：**
```plaintext
test
|- src/
| |- main/
| | |- java/
| | | |- org/
| | | | |- example/
| | | | | |- Application.java
| | | | | |- SampleController.java
| |- test/
| | |- java/
| | | |- org/
| | | | |- example/
| | | | | |- SampleControllerTest.java
|- target/
|- pom.xml
Application.java
package org.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
SampleController.java
package org.example;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class SampleController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/sample")
@ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.OK)
public String getSample() {
return "success";
}
}
SampleControllerTest.java
package org.example;
import org.junit.Test;
import static io.restassured.module.mockmvc.RestAssuredMockMvc.*;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
public class SampleControllerTest {
@Test
public void testGetSample() {
given()
.standaloneSetup(new SampleController())
.when()
.get("/sample")
.then()
.assertThat(status().isOk())
.body(is(equalTo("success")));
}
}
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>8</java.version>
<start-class>org.example.Application</start-class>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- JUnit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/spring-mock-mvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-mock-mvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/json-path -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
<version>4.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/xml-path -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>xml-path</artifactId>
<version>4.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/rest-assured -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
<version>4.3.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
当我使用mvn test运行测试时，我收到以下错误：
[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 1.325 s <<< FAILURE! - in org.example.SampleControllerTest
[ERROR] testGetSample(org.example.SampleControllerTest) Time elapsed: 1.288 s <<< ERROR!
java.lang.AbstractMethodError: Method io/restassured/internal/ResponseSpecificationImpl.getProperty(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/Object; is abstract
at org.example.SampleControllerTest.testGetSample(SampleControllerTest.java:20)
提前感谢您的任何帮助！
<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
I'm trying to test a REST api defined in my controller class using `REST Assured v4.3.0`, but I get `java.lang.AbstractMethodError` when I run the test. I understand this error is occurring because I'm calling an abstract method, but I'm having a hard time resolving it.
It seems that the error is occurring due to `.body(is(equalTo("success")))` in `SampleControllerTest.java` because when I remove this line, the test succeeds. I tried a few things to resolve it, but didn't get any success:
- Searched online for suggestions and examples, but they are either for older versions or not related to `io.rest-assured/spring-mock-mvc`
- Tried different matchers (`org.hamcrest.Matchers.*` and `org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*`)
- Tried adding `org.hamcrest/hamcrest` dependency in the pom file explicitly
Here's my code for your reference:
**Code structure:**
test
|- src/
| |- main/
| | |- java/
| | | |- org/
| | | | |- example/
| | | | | |- Application.java
| | | | | |- SampleController.java
| |- test/
| | |- java/
| | | |- org/
| | | | |- example/
| | | | | |- SampleControllerTest.java
|- target/
|- pom.xml
**Application.java**
```java
package org.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
SampleController.java
package org.example;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class SampleController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/sample")
@ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.OK)
public String getSample() {
return "success";
}
}
SampleControllerTest.java
package org.example;
import org.junit.Test;
import static io.restassured.module.mockmvc.RestAssuredMockMvc.*;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
public class SampleControllerTest {
@Test
public void testGetSample() {
given()
.standaloneSetup(new SampleController())
.when()
.get("/sample")
.then()
.assertThat(status().isOk())
.body(is(equalTo("success")));
}
}
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>8</java.version>
<start-class>org.example.Application</start-class>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- JUnit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/spring-mock-mvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-mock-mvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/json-path -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
<version>4.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/xml-path -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>xml-path</artifactId>
<version>4.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.rest-assured/rest-assured -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
<version>4.3.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
When I run the test using mvn test, this is the error I get:
[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 1.325 s <<< FAILURE! - in org.example.SampleControllerTest
[ERROR] testGetSample(org.example.SampleControllerTest) Time elapsed: 1.288 s <<< ERROR!
java.lang.AbstractMethodError: Method io/restassured/internal/ResponseSpecificationImpl.getProperty(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/Object; is abstract
at org.example.SampleControllerTest.testGetSample(SampleControllerTest.java:20)
Thanks for any help in advance!
答案1
得分: 15
由于升级到rest-assured 4.3.0，Groovy的版本从2.5.7升级到了3.0.2，详见rest-assured/changelog.txt at master · rest-assured/rest-assured，您可以在pom文件中指定groovy版本。
<properties>
<rest-assured.version>4.3.0</rest-assured.version>
<groovy.version>3.0.2</groovy.version>
</properties>
英文:
Because of rest-assured 4.3.0 upgrade the Groovy from 2.5.7 to 3.0.2, see rest-assured/changelog.txt at master · rest-assured/rest-assured, you can specified the groovy version in pom file.
<properties>
<rest-assured.version>4.3.0</rest-assured.version>
<groovy.version>3.0.2</groovy.version>
</properties>
答案2
得分: 9
似乎是REST Assured 4.3.0中的一个bug，您的代码在4.2.0版本中可以工作。
我没有找到已打开的问题。https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured/issues
英文:
It looks like a bug in REST Assured 4.3.0, your code works with 4.2.0 version.
I didn't find opened issue. https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured/issues
答案3
得分: 6
我使用了4.2.0而不是4.3.0...对我有效。
英文:
I used 4.2.0 instead of 4.3.0 .. it works for me
答案4
得分: 5
对于Maven项目，以下代码在Spring Boot项目中能够很好地工作：
<properties>
<groovy.version>3.0.7</groovy.version>
<rest-assured.version>4.3.3</rest-assured.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-mock-mvc</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>groovy</artifactId>
<groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
<artifactId>groovy</artifactId>
<version>${groovy.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
<artifactId>groovy-xml</artifactId>
<version>${groovy.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
<artifactId>groovy-json</artifactId>
<version>${groovy.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
<version>${rest-assured.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>xml-path</artifactId>
<version>${rest-assured.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
英文:
For Maven projects, the code below works well with Spring Boot projects:
<properties>
<groovy.version>3.0.7</groovy.version>
<rest-assured.version>4.3.3</rest-assured.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-mock-mvc</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>groovy</artifactId>
<groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
<artifactId>groovy</artifactId>
<version>${groovy.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
<artifactId>groovy-xml</artifactId>
<version>${groovy.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
<artifactId>groovy-json</artifactId>
<version>${groovy.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
<version>${rest-assured.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>xml-path</artifactId>
<version>${rest-assured.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
```
</details>
# 答案5
**得分**: 4
我还遇到了一个`java.lang.AbstractMethodError`，但是发生在另一个方法上。
rest-assured 4.3 将其实现升级以使用[groovy 3][1]，详见[rest assured的发布说明][2]。
在我的情况下，依赖解析将groovy降级为使用某个2.x版本。
如果你使用的是Maven：
你可以使用`mvn dependency:tree`来检查。如果存在冲突，将必要的groovy依赖项作为直接依赖项添加到你的项目中，版本为=>3.0.2。
如果你使用的是Gradle：
你可以使用`gradle dependencies`来检查。如果存在冲突，可以添加一个解析策略：
```groovy
configurations.all {
resolutionStrategy.eachDependency { DependencyResolveDetails details ->
if (details.requested.group == 'org.codehaus.groovy') {
details.useVersion "3.0.2"
details.because "needed by rest-assured>=4.3"
}
}
}
```
也许这可以帮助某人。
[1]: https://groovy-lang.org/releasenotes/groovy-3.0.html
[2]: https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured/blob/master/changelog.txt
<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
I also had an `java.lang.AbstractMethodError` but on another method.
rest-assured 4.3 upgraded it's implementation to use [groovy 3][1], see [rest assured's release notes][2]
In my case the dependency resolution downgraded groovy to use some 2.x version.
If you use maven:
You can check that using `mvn dependency:tree`.
If there's a conflict, add the necessary groovy dependencies as direct dependencies with a version=>3.0.2 to your project.
If you use gradle:
You can check that using `gradle depencencies`.
If there's a conflict, then add a resolution strategy:
configurations.all {
resolutionStrategy.eachDependency { DependencyResolveDetails details ->
if (details.requested.group == 'org.codehaus.groovy') {
details.useVersion "3.0.2"
details.because "needed by rest-assured>=4.3"
}
}
}
Maybe that can help somebody.
[1]: https://groovy-lang.org/releasenotes/groovy-3.0.html
[2]: https://github.com/rest-assured/rest-assured/blob/master/changelog.txt
</details>
# 答案6
**得分**: 2
```xml
使用以下依赖项在 pom.xml 中引入 Rest Assured：
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
```
<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
Use below dependency of rest assured in pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</details>
# 答案7
**得分**: 2
如果您使用的是Rest Assured版本`4.3.2`，只需**显式**指定Groovy版本为`3.0.6`，即可解决该错误。
<rest-assured.version>4.3.2</rest-assured.version>
<groovy.version>3.0.6</groovy.version>
祝您好运。
<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
If you use Rest Assured version `4.3.2`, just specify **explictly** the groovy version to `3.0.6` and that fixes the error.
<rest-assured.version>4.3.2</rest-assured.version>
<groovy.version>3.0.6</groovy.version>
Good luck.
</details>
# 答案8
**得分**: 1
原来 `io.rest-assured/spring-mock-mvc` 依赖与 `io.rest-assured/rest-assured` 依赖发生了冲突。一旦我从 `pom.xml` 中移除了 `io.rest-assured/rest-assured`，测试就成功运行了。
几年前，当我使用 REST Assured 版本 `3.1.1` 时，我可以同时保留这两个依赖，但可能更新的版本不允许这样做。
<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
It turns out that `io.rest-assured/spring-mock-mvc` dependency was conflicting with `io.rest-assured/rest-assured` dependency. Once I removed the `io.rest-assured/rest-assured` from `pom.xml`, the test worked successfully.
A few years ago when I was using REST Assured version `3.1.1`, I could keep both of these dependencies, but perhaps newer versions don't allow this.
</details>
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