使用Gorm查询数据库并在HTTP响应中返回JSON的Golang代码。

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英文:

golang querying database using Gorm and returning json in http response

问题

我是你的中文翻译助手,以下是你提供的代码的翻译:

我刚开始学习Go语言,并且正在使用Gorm来查询我的PostgreSQL数据库,但是在以字典格式返回数据时遇到了问题,其中宝可梦的类型作为键,对应一个包含该类型所有宝可梦的数组。

> json: 无法将对象解组为类型为[]models.Pokemon的Go值

以下是我的代码:

type Pokemon struct {
    Name   string   `db:"name"`
    Type   string   `db:"type"`
}

pokemonTypes := [6]string{
	"fire",
	"electric",
	"water",
	"grass",
}

var retData struct {
   Poke []Pokemon
}

m := make(map[string][]Pokemon)

for _, t := range pokemonTypes {
	pokemon := DB.Where(&Pokemon{Type: t}).Find(&retData.Poke)
	p, _ := json.Marshal(pokemon)
    err = json.Unmarshal(p, &retData.Poke)  // 在这里出错
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	m[category] = retData.Poke
}

data, _ := json.Marshal(m) 
w.Write(data)  // HTTP响应

我在数据库中有以下数据:

name       | type
----------------------
pikachu    | electric
charmander | fire
blaziken   | fire
venusaur   | grass
treeko     | grass
squirtle   | water

我希望以以下JSON格式返回数据:

{
  "electric": [
    {"name": "pikachu", "type": "electric"},
  ],
  "fire": [
    {"name": "charmander", "type": "fire"},
    {"name": "blaziken", "type": "fire"}
  ],
  "grass": [
    {"name": "venusaur", "type": "grass"},
    {"name": "treeko", "type": "grass"},
  ],
  "water": [
    {"name": "squirtle", "type": "water"},
  ]
}
英文:

I'm new to Go and am using Gorm to query my postgres database but am having trouble returning my data in a dictionary format, where the pokemon's type serves as a key to an array of all the pokemon of that type

> json: cannot unmarshal object into Go value of type []models.Pokemon

here's my code:

type Pokemon struct {
    Name   string   `db:"name"`
    Type   string   `db:"type"`
}

pokemonTypes := [6]string{
	"fire",
	"electric",
	"water",
	"grass",
}

var retData struct {
   Poke []Pokemon
}

m := make(map[string][]Pokemon)

for _, t := range pokemonTypes {
	pokemon := DB.Where(&Pokemon{Type: t}).Find(&retData.Poke)
	p, _ := json.Marshal(pokemon)
    err = json.Unmarshal(p, &retData.Poke)  // getting error here
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	m[category] = retData.Poke
}

data, _ := json.Marshal(m) 
w.Write(data)  // http repsonse

I have this in my database

name       | type
----------------------
pikachu    | electric
charmander | fire
blaziken   | fire
venusaur   | grass
treeko     | grass
squirtle   | water

I want to return data in this json format

{
  “electric”: [
    {"name": "pikachu", "type": "electric"},
  ],
  "fire": [
    {"name": "charmander", "type": "fire"},
    {"name": "blaziken", "type": "fire"}
  ],
  "grass": [
    {"name": "venusaur", "type": "grass"},
    {"name": "treeko", "type": "grass"},
  ],
  "water": [
    {"name": "squirtle", "type": "water"},
  ]
}

答案1

得分: 2

DB.Where(&Pokemon{Type: t}).Find(&retData.Poke) 实际上返回了 *db 指针,你可以使用它来链式调用其他方法。
当你执行 .Find(&retData.Poke) 时,已经将 postgre 行反序列化到了你的结构体切片中。因此,pokemon 实际上不是你想象中的那样。

现在只剩下将 .Find().Error() 链接起来,以便返回并检查查询中的任何错误。就像这样:

for _, t := range pokemonTypes {
    err := DB.Where(&Pokemon{Type: t}).Find(&retData.Poke).Error()
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    p, _ := json.Marshal(retData.Poke)
    err = json.Unmarshal(p, &retData.Poke) 
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    m[category] = retData.Poke
}

希望对你有所帮助!

英文:

DB.Where(&Pokemon{Type: t}).Find(&retData.Poke) esentially returns back the *db pointer which you can use to chain further methods.
You're already deserializing postgre rows into your struct slice when you do .Find(&retData.Poke). Thus, pokemon isn't actually what you think it is.

The only thing left now is to chain .Find() with a .Error() so that you can return and check any error in your query. Just like this :

for _, t := range pokemonTypes {
    err := DB.Where(&Pokemon{Type: t}).Find(&retData.Poke).Error()
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    p, _ := json.Marshal(retData.Poke)
    err = json.Unmarshal(p, &retData.Poke) 
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    m[category] = retData.Poke
}

Hope it helps!

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2017年8月27日 05:53:15
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/45899964.html
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