英文:
Go byte to integer encoding with RPMs
问题
我正在尝试创建一个能够读取和创建RPM文件的Go程序,而无需使用librpm和rpmbuild。这样做的主要原因是为了更好地理解Go编程。
我正在解析一个基于以下链接的RPM文件:https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm/wiki/rpm-internals
我正在查看头部并尝试解析标签的数量+长度,我有以下代码:
fi, err := os.Open("golang-1.1-2.fc19.i686.rpm")
...
// header
head := make([]byte, 16)
// read a chunk
_, err = fi.Read(head)
if err != nil && err != io.EOF { panic(err) }
fmt.Printf("Magic number %s\n", head[:8])
tags, read := binary.Varint(head[8:12])
fmt.Printf("Tag Count: %d\n", tags)
fmt.Printf("Read %d\n", read)
length, read := binary.Varint(head[12:16])
fmt.Printf("Length : %d\n", length)
fmt.Printf("Read %d\n", read)
我得到以下结果:
Magic number ���
Tag Count: 0
Read 1
Length : 0
Read 1
我打印出了切片,看到了这个:
Tag bytes: [0 0 0 7]
Length bytes: [0 0 4 132]
然后我尝试只做这个:
length, read = binary.Varint([]byte{4, 132})
这将返回长度为2,读取为1。
根据我所读的,标签和长度应该是"4字节的标签计数",那么我如何将这四个字节作为一个数字获取呢?
编辑:
根据@nick-craig-wood和@james-henstridge的反馈,以下是我所需的原型代码:
package main
import (
"io"
"os"
"fmt"
"encoding/binary"
"bytes"
)
type Header struct {
// begin with the 8-byte header magic value: 8D AD E8 01 00 00 00 00
Magic uint64
// 4 byte 'tag count'
Count uint32
// 4 byte 'data length'
Length uint32
}
func main() {
// open input file
fi, err := os.Open("golang-1.1-2.fc19.i686.rpm")
if err != nil { panic(err) }
// close fi on exit and check for its returned error
defer func() {
if err := fi.Close(); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}()
// ignore lead
fi.Seek(96, 0)
// header
head := make([]byte, 16)
// read a chunk
_, err = fi.Read(head)
if err != nil && err != io.EOF { panic(err) }
fmt.Printf("Magic number %s\n", head[:8])
tags := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(head[8:12])
fmt.Printf("Count Count: %d\n", tags)
length := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(head[12:16])
fmt.Printf("Length : %d\n", length)
// read it as a struct
buf := bytes.NewBuffer(head)
header := Header{}
err = binary.Read(buf, binary.BigEndian, &header)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("binary.Read failed:", err)
}
fmt.Printf("header = %#v\n", header)
fmt.Printf("Count bytes: %d\n", header.Count)
fmt.Printf("Length bytes: %d\n", header.Length)
}
英文:
I am trying to create a go program that can read and create RPM files without the need of librpm and rpmbuild. Most of the reason for this is to get a better understanding of programming in go.
I am parsing an RPM based off the following: https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm/wiki/rpm-internals
I am looking at the header and trying to parse the number of tags + the length, and I have the following code
fi, err := os.Open("golang-1.1-2.fc19.i686.rpm")
...
// header
head := make([]byte, 16)
// read a chunk
_, err = fi.Read(head)
if err != nil && err != io.EOF { panic(err) }
fmt.Printf("Magic number %s\n", head[:8])
tags, read := binary.Varint(head[8:12])
fmt.Printf("Tag Count: %d\n", tags)
fmt.Printf("Read %d\n", read)
length, read := binary.Varint(head[12:16])
fmt.Printf("Length : %d\n", length)
fmt.Printf("Read %d\n", read)
I get back the following:
Magic number ���
Tag Count: 0
Read 1
Length : 0
Read 1
I printed out the slice and I see this:
Tag bytes: [0 0 0 7]
Length bytes: [0 0 4 132]
I then tried just doing this:
length, read = binary.Varint([]byte{4, 132})
which returns length as 2 and read 1.
Based off what I am reading, the tag and length should be "4 byte 'tag count'", so how would I get the four bytes as one number?
EDIT:
Based off the feedback from @nick-craig-wood and @james-henstridge below is my following prototype code that does what Im looking for:
package main
import (
"io"
"os"
"fmt"
"encoding/binary"
"bytes"
)
type Header struct {
// begin with the 8-byte header magic value: 8D AD E8 01 00 00 00 00
Magic uint64
// 4 byte 'tag count'
Count uint32
// 4 byte 'data length'
Length uint32
}
func main() {
// open input file
fi, err := os.Open("golang-1.1-2.fc19.i686.rpm")
if err != nil { panic(err) }
// close fi on exit and check for its returned error
defer func() {
if err := fi.Close(); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}()
// ignore lead
fi.Seek(96, 0)
// header
head := make([]byte, 16)
// read a chunk
_, err = fi.Read(head)
if err != nil && err != io.EOF { panic(err) }
fmt.Printf("Magic number %s\n", head[:8])
tags := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(head[8:12])
fmt.Printf("Count Count: %d\n", tags)
length := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(head[12:16])
fmt.Printf("Length : %d\n", length)
// read it as a struct
buf := bytes.NewBuffer(head)
header := Header{}
err = binary.Read(buf, binary.BigEndian, &header)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("binary.Read failed:", err)
}
fmt.Printf("header = %#v\n", header)
fmt.Printf("Count bytes: %d\n", header.Count)
fmt.Printf("Length bytes: %d\n", header.Length)
}
答案1
得分: 2
你正在阅读的数据似乎不是Go语言的可变长度整数编码。
相反,你可能想要使用binary.BigEndian.Uint32()
函数:
tags := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(head[8:12])
length := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(head[12:16])
英文:
The data you are reading doesn't look like it is in Go's variable length integer encoding.
Instead, you probably want binary.BigEndian.Uint32()
:
tags := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(head[8:12])
length := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(head[12:16])
答案2
得分: 2
首先,不要使用Varint - 它不会做你认为它会做的事情!
将其解码为Go结构体是最方便的方法,代码如下:
package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/binary"
"fmt"
)
type Header struct {
// 以8字节的头部魔术值开始:8D AD E8 01 00 00 00 00
Magic uint64
// 4字节的'tag count'
Count uint32
// 4字节的'data length'
Length uint32
}
var data = []byte{0x8D, 0xAD, 0xE8, 0x01, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 4, 132}
func main() {
buf := bytes.NewBuffer(data)
header := Header{}
err := binary.Read(buf, binary.BigEndian, &header)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("binary.Read failed:", err)
}
fmt.Printf("header = %#v\n", header)
}
输出结果为:
header = main.Header{Magic:0x8dade80100000000, Count:0x7, Length:0x484}
英文:
Firstly don't use Varint - it doesn't do what you think it does!
Decode like this into a go structure is the most convenient way
package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/binary"
"fmt"
)
type Header struct {
// begin with the 8-byte header magic value: 8D AD E8 01 00 00 00 00
Magic uint64
// 4 byte 'tag count'
Count uint32
// 4 byte 'data length'
Length uint32
}
var data = []byte{0x8D, 0xAD, 0xE8, 0x01, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 4, 132}
func main() {
buf := bytes.NewBuffer(data)
header := Header{}
err := binary.Read(buf, binary.BigEndian, &header)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("binary.Read failed:", err)
}
fmt.Printf("header = %#v\n", header)
}
Prints
header = main.Header{Magic:0x8dade80100000000, Count:0x7, Length:0x484}
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