英文:
init function for structs
问题
我意识到Go语言没有类，而是推崇结构体的概念。
结构体是否有类似于类的构造函数的初始化函数？
示例：
type Console struct {
X int
Y int
}
func (c *Console) init() {
c.X = "5"
}
// 这里我想要运行我的初始化函数
var console Console
// 或者在这里如果我使用
var console Console = new(Console)
英文:
I realize that Go does not have classes but pushes the idea of structs instead.
Do structs have any sort of initialization function that can be called similar to a __construct() function of a class?
Example:
type Console struct {
X int
Y int
}
func (c *Console) init() {
c.X = "5"
}
// Here I want my init function to run
var console Console
// or here if I used
var console Console = new(Console)
答案1
得分: 67
Go没有隐式构造函数。你可能会写出类似这样的代码。
package main
import "fmt"
type Console struct {
X int
Y int
}
func NewConsole() *Console {
return &Console{X: 5}
}
var console Console = *NewConsole()
func main() {
fmt.Println(console)
}
输出：
{5 0}
英文:
Go doesn't have implicit constructors. You would likely write something like this.
package main
import "fmt"
type Console struct {
X int
Y int
}
func NewConsole() *Console {
return &Console{X: 5}
}
var console Console = *NewConsole()
func main() {
fmt.Println(console)
}
Output:
{5 0}
答案2
得分: 7
Go没有自动构造函数。通常你需要创建自己的NewT() *T函数来执行必要的初始化操作。但是它必须手动调用。
英文:
Go does not have automatic constructors. Typically you create your own NewT() *T function which performs the necessary initialization. But it has to be called manually.
答案3
得分: 0
这是一个Go结构体的初始化示例：
type Console struct {
X int
Y int
}
// 常规用法，创建一个函数以便于创建对象
func NewConsole(x, y int) *Console {
return &Console{X: x, Y: y}
}
// "手动"创建对象（指针版本与非'&'版本相同）
consoleP := &Console{X: 1, Y: 2}
console := Console{X: 1, Y: 2}
// 内联初始化
consoleInline := struct {
X int
Y int
}{
X: 1,
Y: 2,
}
英文:
This is a Go struct initialize complete:
type Console struct {
X int
Y int
}
// Regular use case, create a function for easy create.
func NewConsole(x, y int) *Console {
return &Console{X: x, Y: y}
}
// "Manually" create the object (Pointer version is same as non '&' version)
consoleP := &Console{X: 1, Y: 2}
console := Console{X: 1, Y: 2}
// Inline init
consoleInline := struct {
X int
Y int
}{
X: 1,
Y: 2,
}
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