英文:
How can I safely access a variable between Python processes which use ProcessPoolExecutor?
问题
我有一个使用多进程执行许多与IO相关的任务的脚本。我想以安全的方式在进程之间访问一个变量。是否有一种简单的方法可以做到这一点，而不涉及低级别的逻辑，比如操纵锁？
import concurrent.futuresimport timeimport randomdef do_book_task(books, year):books.append(year)print(f'执行与{year}年的书有关的任务。')time.sleep(random.random() + 0.5)books.remove(year)return f'{year}的结果'def main():years = ['1996', '1997', '1998', '1999', '2000', '2001']books = [] # 我希望这个变量是进程安全的with concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=4) as executor:futures = []for year in years:futures.append(executor.submit(do_book_task, books, year))print(f'将{year}提交到进程队列')for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures):try:year = years[futures.index(future)]print(f'{year}完成')print(future.result())except Exception as e:print(f'年份{year}发生错误：')print(e)
请注意，我已经将代码中的字符串格式修改为中文，并进行了相应的翻译。
英文:
I have a script that uses multiprocessing to execute many io-bound tasks. I want to access a variable between processes in a safe manner. Is there a simple way to do this does not involve low level logic like manipulating locks?
import concurrent.futuresimport timeimport randomdef do_book_task(books, year):books.append(year)print(f'Doing task with books from {year}.')time.sleep(random.random() + 0.5)books.remove(year)return f'Result for {year}'def main():years = ['1996', '1997', '1998', '1999', '2000', '2001']books = [] # I want this variable to be process-safewith concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=4) as executor:futures = []for year in years:futures.append(executor.submit(do_book_task, books, year))print(f'Submitted {year} to process queue')for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures):try:year = years[futures.index(future)]print(f'Done {year}')print(future.result())except Exception as e:print(f'Error with year: {year}')print(e)
答案1
得分: 0
是的，你可以使用multiprocessing.managers中的Manager类。请查看https://docs.python.org/3/library/multiprocessing.html#multiprocessing.Manager。
from multiprocessing import Managerdef main():years = ['1996', '1997', '1998', '1999', '2000', '2001']with Manager() as manager:books = manager.list() # 创建一个进程安全的代理对象# 其余代码保持不变with concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=4) as executor:futures = []for year in years:futures.append(executor.submit(do_book_task, books, year))print(f'Submitted {year} to process queue')for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures):try:year = years[futures.index(future)]print(f'Done {year}')print(future.result())except Exception as e:print(f'Error with year: {year}')print(e)
英文:
Yes, you can use the Manager class from multiprocessing.managers. See https://docs.python.org/3/library/multiprocessing.html#multiprocessing.Manager.
from multiprocessing import Managerdef main():years = ['1996', '1997', '1998', '1999', '2000', '2001']with Manager() as manager:books = manager.list() # creates a proxy object which is process-safe# the rest of the code is the samewith concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=4) as executor:futures = []for year in years:futures.append(executor.submit(do_book_task, books, year))print(f'Submitted {year} to process queue')for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures):try:year = years[futures.index(future)]print(f'Done {year}')print(future.result())except Exception as e:print(f'Error with year: {year}')print(e)
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