英文:
How golang applies less than and greater than operators to strings?
问题
我想知道是否只比较字符串的长度，还是还考虑了词法顺序。
如果有人知道在代码中可以查看的地方，我将非常感激提供链接！
英文:
I'm wondering if only the length of the strings is being compared, or the lexical order is also considered.
If anyone knows where it can be viewed in the code - I would be grateful for the link!
答案1
得分: 2
在Go语言中，可以使用比较运算符（如<和>）来比较字符串。下面是Go中字符串比较的工作原理：
字符串的比较是基于字符串的UTF-8编码逐字节进行的。比较是按字典顺序进行的，也就是从左到右比较字符串的字节值。
例如：
"a" < "b" // true
"hello" < "hello world" // true
"🍎" > "Hello" // true
当比较两个长度不同的字符串时，在比较过程中，较短的字符串会在逻辑上用空字节进行填充。因此，如果公共前缀相同，较短的字符串始终比较“小”。
"hello" < "hello world" // true（hello用空字节填充）
"hello" < "hellp" // true（o在p之前）
空字符\x00被认为是最小值字节。因此，以空字节开头的任何字符串都比任何非空字符串“小”。
总的来说，这种逐字节的字典顺序比较使得在Go中可以根据Unicode/UTF-8编码轻松地对字符串进行排序和比较。规则很简单-从左到右比较字节，将空字节视为最小值。
英文:
In Go, strings can be compared using comparison operators like < and >. Here is how string comparison works in Go:
Strings are compared byte-by-byte based on the UTF-8 encoding of the string. The comparison is done lexicographically, which means comparing string byte values from left to right.
For example:
"a" < "b" // true
"hello" < "hello world" // true
"🍎" > "Hello" // true
When comparing two strings of different lengths, the shorter string is logically padded with null bytes during comparison. So a shorter string is always "less" than a longer string if the common prefix is identical.
"hello" < "hello world" // true (hello padded with null bytes)
"hello" < "hellp" // true (o is before p)
The null character \x00 is considered the lowest value byte. So any string starting with a null byte would be "less" than any non-empty string.
Overall, this lexicographical byte-by-byte comparison allows strings to be easily sorted and compared in Go based on Unicode/UTF-8 encoding. The rules are simple - compare bytes from left to right, with null bytes considered the lowest values.
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