如何使用Docker容器化Django应用程序以及PostgreSQL数据库和现有数据？

huangapple
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英文:

How to dockerize django app with postgres database and existing data?

问题

我有一个本地的PostgreSQL数据库，并且有两个正在运行的Docker容器：Django应用程序和PostgreSQL数据库。

我已经进行了迁移，表已生成，但表是空的 - 表是空的。

例如，在终端中。

所以这是Dockerfile：

  1. # 拉取官方基础镜像
  2. FROM python:3.9-alpine3.13
  4. # 设置工作目录
  5. WORKDIR /usr/src/app
  6. EXPOSE 8000
  7. # 设置环境变量
  8. ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1
  9. ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
  11. # 安装 psycopg2 依赖
  12. RUN apk update \
  13.     && apk add linux-headers postgresql-dev gcc python3-dev musl-dev
  15. # 安装依赖
  16. RUN pip install --upgrade pip
  17. COPY ./requirements.txt .
  18. COPY ./requirements.dev.txt . 
  19. RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
  21. # 复制 entrypoint.sh
  22. COPY ./entrypoint.sh .
  23. RUN sed -i 's/\r$//g' /usr/src/app/entrypoint.sh
  24. RUN chmod +x /usr/src/app/entrypoint.sh
  25. # 复制项目
  26. COPY . .
  27. # 运行 entrypoint.sh
  28. ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/src/app/entrypoint.sh"]

docker-compose 文件：

  1. version: '3.9'
  3. services:
  4.   app:
  5.     build:
  6.       context: .
  7.       args:
  8.         - DEV=true
  9.     ports:
  10.       - "8000:8000"
  11.     volumes:
  12.       - .:/app
  13.     command: >
  14.       sh -c "python ./manage.py migrate &&
  15.              python ./manage.py runserver 0:8000"      
  16.     env_file:
  17.       - ./.env
  19.     depends_on:
  20.       - db
  22.   db:
  23.     image: postgres:13-alpine
  24.     container_name: postgres
  25.     volumes:
  26.       - dev-db-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data:/usr/local/var/postgresql/
  27.     env_file:
  28.       - ./.env
  29.     ports:
  30.       - '5432:5432'
  32. volumes:
  33.   dev-db-data:
  34.   dev-static-data:

和 entrypoint.sh：

  1. #!/bin/sh
  3. if [ "$DATABASE" = "postgres" ]
  4. then
  5.     echo "Waiting for postgres..."
  7.     while ! nc -z $SQL_HOST $SQL_PORT; do
  8.       sleep 0.1
  9.     done
  11.     echo "PostgreSQL started"
  12. fi
  14. python manage.py flush --no-input
  15. python manage.py makemigrations --merge
  16. python manage.py migrate --noinput
  18. exec "$@"

所以当我运行容器时：docker-compose up。

然后我转到：http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/login/?next=/admin/

我看到了Django的管理面板。但我无法登录。因为表：accounts_account中没有数据

问题：如何从现有的PostgreSQL数据库中获取数据填充到Docker容器中的表格中？

好的，我将SQL文件复制到Docker容器的pgd_snapshots文件夹中。

然后我登录到PostgreSQL：psql -h localhost -U postgres

然后切换到用户psql -h localhost -U animalzijn

然后我看到了这个：

  1. animalzijn=#

接下来我该做什么？

英文:

I have a local postgres database with data in it. And I have two docker containers running:
django app and the postgress database.

And I have done the migrations. the tables are generated, but the tables are empty - the tables are emtpy.

For example in the terminal.

So this is the dockerfile:

  1. # pull official base image
  2. FROM python:3.9-alpine3.13
  4. # set work directory
  5. WORKDIR /usr/src/app
  6. EXPOSE 8000
  7. # set environment variables
  8. ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1
  9. ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
  11. # install psycopg2 dependencies
  12. RUN apk update \
  13.     && apk add linux-headers postgresql-dev gcc python3-dev musl-dev
  15. # install dependencies
  16. RUN pip install --upgrade pip
  17. COPY ./requirements.txt .
  18. COPY ./requirements.dev.txt . 
  19. RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
  21. # copy entrypoint.sh
  22. COPY ./entrypoint.sh .
  23. RUN sed -i 's/\r$//g' /usr/src/app/entrypoint.sh
  24. RUN chmod +x /usr/src/app/entrypoint.sh
  25. # copy project
  26. COPY . .
  27. # run entrypoint.sh
  28. ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/src/app/entrypoint.sh"]

docker-compose file:

  1. version: '3.9'
  3. services:
  4.   app:
  5.    build:
  6.      context: .
  7.      args:
  8.        - DEV=true
  9.    ports:
  10.       - "8000:8000"
  11.    volumes:
  12.       - .:/app
  13.    command: >
  14.       sh -c "python ./manage.py migrate &&      
  15.              python ./manage.py runserver 0:8000"
  16.    env_file:
  17.       - ./.env
  19.    depends_on:
  20.       - db
  22.   db:
  23.     image: postgres:13-alpine
  24.     container_name: postgres
  25.     volumes:
  26.       - dev-db-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data:/usr/local/var/postgresql/
  27.     env_file:
  28.       - ./.env
  29.     ports:
  30.       - '5432:5432'
  31.       
  32. volumes:
  33.     dev-db-data:
  34.     dev-static-data:

and entrypoint.sh:

  1. #!/bin/sh
  3. if [ "$DATABASE" = "postgres" ]
  4. then
  5.     echo "Waiting for postgres..."
  7.     while ! nc -z $SQL_HOST $SQL_PORT; do
  8.       sleep 0.1
  9.     done
  11.     echo "PostgreSQL started"
  12. fi
  14. python manage.py flush --no-input
  15. python manage.py makemigrations --merge
  16. python manage.py migrate --noinput
  18. exec "$@"

So When I run the containers: docker-compose up.

And I go to: http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/login/?next=/admin/

I see the admin panel from django. But I can't login. Because the table: accounts_account has no data in it

Question: how to get the data from the existing postgress database in the tables in the docker container?

Oke, I copied the sql file to the folder name pgd_snapshots of the docker container.

and I login in postgres: psql -h localhost -U postgres

and then I switch to user psql -h localhost -U animalzijn
And then I see this:

  1. animalzijn=#

What I have to do next?

答案1

得分: 1

你可以使用Postgres工具pg_dump导出本地数据库。登录到本地实例的SQL Shell，使用pgdump命令将数据库导出到一个SQL文件中（例如）：

  1. pg_dump database_name > database_name_20230717.sql

通常，我会将这个SQL文件保存到安装Postgres的位置下的/pg_snapshots目录中。

然后将此SQL文件复制到挂载到Postgres容器的卷内的/pg_snapshots目录中。

登录到容器，切换到postgres用户，然后运行psql来导入数据库：

  1. psql database_name < database_name_20230717.sql

来源：https://www.netguru.com/blog/how-to-dump-and-restore-postgresql-database

英文:

You can export your local database using the postgres tool pg_dump. Login to the SQL Shell for your local instance and use the pgdump command to export the database to a sql file (e.g.):

  1. pg_dump database_name &gt; database_name_20230717.sql

I usually do this to the /pg_snapshots directory which should be under /data wherever you installed postgres

Then copy this sql file to the /pg_snapshots inside the volume mounted to your postgres container.

Login to you container, su to postgres and run psql to import the db:

  1. psql database_name &lt; database_name_20230717.sql

source: https://www.netguru.com/blog/how-to-dump-and-restore-postgresql-database

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2023年7月17日 22:55:42
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接：https://go.coder-hub.com/76705708.html
  • django
  • docker
  • docker-compose
  • dockerfile
  • python
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