使用Perl根据正则表达式或符号后出现的值对数组进行排序。

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英文:

Using Perl to sort an array using values that occur after a RegEx or symbol

问题

我有一个数组：

  1. @all (
  2.     <side.effect signif="life.threat">myocardial infarction</side.effect>
  3.     <side.effect signif="life.threat">hypersensitivity reactions</side.effect>
  4.     <side.effect signif="life.threat">lactic acidosis</side.effect>
  5.     <side.effect signif="most.freq">vomiting</side.effect>
  6.     <side.effect signif="most.freq">diarrhea</side.effect>
  7. );

我想要按照在开放的 XML 标签/属性后的值对数组进行排序，以产生以下输出：

  1. <side.effect signif="most.freq">diarrhea</side.effect>
  2. <side.effect signif="life.threat">hypersensitivity reactions</side.effect>
  3. <side.effect signif="life.threat">lactic acidosis</side.effect>
  4. <side.effect signif="life.threat">myocardial infarction</side.effect>
  5. <side.effect signif="most.freq">vomiting</side.effect>

我不能将它转换为哈希表，因为那会因为重复而消除标签。我尝试过以下代码，但它不会对它们进行排序：

  1. my @sorted_all = sort {
  2.     my ($aa, $bb) = map { (split)[1] } $a, $b;
  3.     $bb <=> $aa;
  4. } @all;

如果你有任何问题，请随时提出。

英文:

I have an array:

  1. @all (
  2. <side.effect signif="life.threat">myocardial infarction</side.effect>
  3. <side.effect signif="life.threat">hypersensitivity reactions</side.effect>
  4. <side.effect signif="life.threat">lactic acidosis</side.effect>
  5. <side.effect signif="most.freq">vomiting</side.effect>
  6. <side.effect signif="most.freq">diarrhea</side.effect>
  7. );

I want to sort the array on the values after the opening XML tags/attributes (">) to produce this output:

  1. <side.effect signif="most.freq">diarrhea</side.effect>
  2. <side.effect signif="life.threat">hypersensitivity reactions</side.effect>
  3. <side.effect signif="life.threat">lactic acidosis</side.effect>
  4. <side.effect signif="life.threat">myocardial infarction</side.effect>
  5. <side.effect signif="most.freq">vomiting</side.effect>

I cannot convert it to a hash as that would eliminate the tags due to replication.
I tried this but it doesn't sort them:

  1.     my @sorted_all = sort {
  2.     my ($aa, $bb) = map { (split)[1] } $a, $b;
  3.     $bb <=> $aa;
  4. } @all;

答案1

得分: 5

  1. 使用 [Sort::Key](https://metacpan.org/pod/Sort::Key)
  3.     use strict;
  4.     use warnings;
  5.     use feature qw(say);
  6.     
  7.     use Sort::Key qw(keysort);
  8.     
  9.     my @all = ( 
  10.         q{<side.effect signif="life.threat">myocardial infarctio</side.effect>},
  11.         q{<side.effect signif="life.threat">hypersensitivity reations</side.effect>},
  12.         q{<side.effect signif="life.threat">lactic acidosis</side.effect>},
  13.         q{<side.effect signif="most.freq">vomiting</side.effect>},
  14.         q{<side.effect signif="most.freq">diarrhea</side.effect>},
  15.     );
  16.     
  17.     
  18.     my @sorted = keysort { ( /">(.+?)<\// )[0] } @all;  
  20.     say for @sorted;
  22. 该库在需要时使用 [Schwartzian Transform](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwartzian_transform) ，首先为所有项构建比较模式（而不是在每对比较时重新构建）。我按原样复制了输入，包括拼写错误。
  24. 使用正则表达式来解析XML标签依赖于这种非常具体的输入格式。如果格式会有变化，请使用一个合适的XML解析器，如 [XML::LibXML](https://metacpan.org/pod/XML::LibXML)。例如
  26.     use XML::LibXML;
  28.     my $parser = XML::LibXML->new;
  30.     my @sorted = keysort {
  31.         $parser->parse_string($_)
  32.             ->findnodes('side.effect')->[0]
  33.             ->textContent
  34.     } @all;
  36. 有关此代码，请参阅 [XML::LibXML::Parser](https://metacpan.org/dist/XML-LibXML/view/lib/XML/LibXML/Parser.pod) 和 [XML::LibXML::Node](https://metacpan.org/release/SHLOMIF/XML-LibXML-2.0128/view/lib/XML/LibXML/Node.pod)。该库附带了更多文档，请参阅首次提及的顶部文档链接。
  38. _为了使其工作，我不得不纠正一个节点中的拼写错误 `sid.effect` ，以使其成为有效的XML。_
英文:

Using Sort::Key

  1. use strict;
  2. use warnings;
  3. use feature qw(say);
  5. use Sort::Key qw(keysort);
  7. my @all = ( 
  8.     q{<side.effect signif="life.threat">myocardial infarctio</side.effect>},
  9.     q{<side.effect signif="life.threat">hypersensitivity reations</side.effect>},
  10.     q{<side.effect signif="life.threat">lactic acidosis</sid.effect>},
  11.     q{<side.effect signif="most.freq">vomiting</side.effect>},
  12.     q{<side.effect signif="most.freq">diarrhea</side.effect>},
  13. );
  16. my @sorted = keysort { ( /">(.+?)<\// )[0] } @all;  
  18. say for @sorted;

The library uses Schwartzian Transform when needed, to first build the comparison patterns for all items (and not re-do it at each pair comparison). I copied input as given, typos and all.

Using a regex to parse an XML tag relies on this very specific input format. If there are going to be variations in format then please use a proper XML parser, like XML::LibXML. For example

  1. use XML::LibXML;
  3. my $parser = XML::LibXML->new;
  5. my @sorted = keysort {
  6.     $parser -> parse_string($_)
  7.         -> findnodes('side.effect') -> [0]
  8.         -> textContent
  9. } @all;

For this code see XML::LibXML::Parser and XML::LibXML::Node. This library comes with a lot more documentation, see the top document linked at first mention.

For this to work I had to correct the typo sid.effect in one node so to have a valid XML.

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2023年7月11日 02:59:27
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接：https://go.coder-hub.com/76656588.html
  • arrays
  • perl
  • sorting
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