英文:
How to run a fake ASP.NET Core Web API for testing purpouses?
问题
我有两个ASP.NET Core Web API项目，API-1和API-2。API-1通过new HttpClient().GetAsync("API-2 url")内部发送请求来使用API-2。我还有一个测试项目，在那个测试项目中，我想伪造API-2的响应来对API-1进行一些测试。那么，我如何在测试项目中运行API-2的伪装版本？
英文:
I have two ASP.NET Core Web API projects, API-1 and API-2. API-1 is using the API-2 by sending requests internally via new HttpClient().GetAsync("API-2 url") I have a test project too. In that test project, I want to fake API-2 responses to do some tests on API-1. So, how can I run a fake (mock) version of API-2 in the test project?
答案1
得分: 1
Moq框架对此非常有用。我用于处理这种情况的方法是将对api-2的调用封装在一个自定义客户端中，该客户端使用底层的HttpClient，基本上就像这样：
public class MyOwnHttpClient : IMyOwnHttpClient {
readonly HttpClient _client;
public MyOwnHttpClient() {
_client = new HttpClient();
}
public async Task<MyApiResponse> MyApiCall() {
return await _client.GetAsync("API-2 url");
}
}
public interface IMyOwnHttpClient {
Task<MyApiResponse> MyApiCall();
}
然后，您可以在测试类中使用Moq来模拟您自己的客户端接口，并设置它返回您想要的任何内容。它还具有大量用于单元测试的其他有用功能。
[TestClass]
public class MyTestClass {
private Mock<IMyOwnHttpClient> _client; // 我们的Api-2模拟
private Api1Class _api1Class; // 使用客户端并在此处进行测试的类
[TestMethod]
public void Test() {
_client.Setup(x => x.MyApiCall()).Returns(Task.FromResult(new MyApiResponse()));
_api1Class = new Api1Class(_client.Object);
_api1Class.MethodCall(); // 调用使用客户端的方法
_client.Verify(x => x.MyApiCall(), Times.Once);
}
}
顺便说一下，这也适用于您昨天的问题。您只需设置它返回一个带有您想要的错误代码的HtppResponse对象。
希望这有所帮助。如果有任何不清楚的地方，请告诉我。
英文:
The Moq Framework is very useful for this. An approach that I use for cases like this is to abstract the calls to api-2 in a custom client that uses an underlying HttpClient. Basically something like this:
public class MyOwnHttpClient : IMyOwnHttpClient {
readonly HttpClient _client;
public MyOwnHttpClient() {
_client = new HttpClient();
}
public async foo MyApiCall() {
return await _client.GetAsync("API-2 url");
}
}
public interface IMyOwnHttpClient {
foo MyApiCall();
}
You can then use Moq in the test class to mock your own client interface and set it up to return whatever you want. It also has a ton of other useful features for unittesting.
[TestClass]
public class MyTestClass {
private Mock<IMyOwnHttpClient> _client; // Our Api-2 Mock
private Api1Class _api1Class; // Class that is using the client and is being tested here
[TestMethod]
public void Test() {
_client.Setup(x => x.MyApiCall()).Returns(new foo);
_api1Class = new Api1Class(_client.Object);
_api1Class.MethodCall(); // Calling the method that uses the client
_client.Verify(x => x.MyApiCall(), Times.Once);
}
}
By the way, this should also work for your question from yesterday. You can just set it up to return a HtppResponse object with the error code you want.
Hope this helps. Let me know if anything is unclear.
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