无法使用Mongoose更新嵌套对象的MongoDB

huangapple
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英文:

Fail to update Mongodb nested object using Mongoose

问题

  1. 我的架构：
  2. ```javascript
  3. import pkg from "mongoose";
  5. const { Schema, model, models } = pkg;
  7. const child = new Schema({ name: String, studentid: Number});
  8. const schema = new Schema({ name: String, age: Number, children: [child] });
  10. const Test = model("Test", schema) 
  12. export default Test;

数据示例：

无法使用Mongoose更新嵌套对象的MongoDB

我的更新函数，我希望根据 age 和 studentid 更新数组中整个对象：

  1. import { connectToDB } from "./utils/database.js";
  2. import Test from "./models/test.js";
  4. async function updateData() {
  5.   await connectToDB();
  7.   const res = Test.updateMany(
  8.     {
  9.       age: 34,
  10.       name: "name2",
  11.     },
  12.     {
  13.       $set: {
  14.         "children.$[element]": {
  15.           name: "updatedname",
  16.           studentid: 123456789,
  17.         },
  18.       },
  19.     },
  20.     {
  21.       arrayFilters: [
  22.         {
  23.           element: {
  24.             name: "childr344en1",
  25.             studentid: 137,
  26.           },
  27.         },
  28.       ],
  29.     },
  30.     {upsert: true}
  31.   );
  32.   console.log(res)
  33. }
  35. await updateData();

执行更新函数后，数据未更新。请问原因在哪里？我做错了什么吗？

  2. <details>
  3. <summary>英文:</summary>
  5. My schema:
  6. ```javascript
  7. import pkg from &quot;mongoose&quot;;
  9. const { Schema, model, models } = pkg;
  11. const child = new Schema({ name: String, studentid: Number});
  12. const schema = new Schema({ name: String, age: Number, children: [child] });
  14. const Test = model(&quot;Test&quot;, schema) 
  16. export default Test;

Data sample:

无法使用Mongoose更新嵌套对象的MongoDB

My update function, I wish to update the entire object inside the array base on age and studentid:

  1. import { connectToDB } from &quot;./utils/database.js&quot;;
  2. import Test from &quot;./models/test.js&quot;;
  4. async function updateData() {
  5.   await connectToDB();
  7.   const res = Test.updateMany(
  8.     {
  9.       age: 34,
  10.       name: &quot;name2&quot;,
  11.     },
  12.     {
  13.       $set: {
  14.         &quot;children.$[element]&quot;: {
  15.           name: &quot;updatedname&quot;,
  16.           studentid: 123456789,
  17.         },
  18.       },
  19.     },
  20.     {
  21.       arrayFilters: [
  22.         {
  23.           element: {
  24.             name: &quot;childr344en1&quot;,
  25.             studentid: 137,
  26.           },
  27.         },
  28.       ],
  29.     },
  30.     {upsert: true}
  31.   );
  32.   console.log(res)
  33. }
  35. await updateData();

After executing the update function, the data didn't update. May I ask why? Where am I doing wrong?

答案1

得分: 2

以下是翻译的内容：

由于child是嵌套在children字段中的subdocuments，子文档将具有一个_id字段。例如，子文档是

  1. { name: 'children1', studentid: 13, _id: ObjectId("649d778bc678b80c6073e487") }

但arrayFilters是[{ element: { name: 'children1', studentid: 13 }}]，它不会匹配子文档。这就是为什么arrayFilters不起作用的原因。

如果您不关心子文档的_id，可以使用两个字段来匹配子文档：element.name和element.studentid。

或者像这样使用整个子文档：

  1. {
  2.   arrayFilters: [{ element: t2.children[0] }]
  3. }
  4. // t2.children[0] => { name: 'childr344en1', studentid: 137, _id: ObjectId("649d7aa53c3e28bda4c758e3") }

希望这对您有所帮助。

英文:

Since the child is subdocuments embedded in the children field. The subdocument will have a _id field. For example, the subdocument is

  1. { name: &#39;children1&#39;, studentid: 13, _id: ObjectId(&quot;649d778bc678b80c6073e487&quot;) }

But the arrayFilters is [{ element: { name: &#39;children1&#39;, studentid: 13 }}], it will not match the subdocument. That's why the arrayFilters does not work.

You can match the subdocument using two fields: element.name and element.studentid if you don't care about the _id of the subdocument.

Or use the entire subdocument like:

  1. {
  2.   arrayFilters: [{ element: t2.children[0] }]
  3. }
  4. // t2.children[0] =&gt; { name: &#39;childr344en1&#39;, studentid: 137, _id: ObjectId(&quot;649d7aa53c3e28bda4c758e3&quot;) }

E.g.

  1. import mongoose from &#39;mongoose&#39;;
  2. import { config } from &#39;../../config&#39;;
  4. mongoose.set(&#39;debug&#39;, true);
  6. const child = new mongoose.Schema({ name: String, studentid: Number });
  7. const schema = new mongoose.Schema({ name: String, age: Number, children: [child] });
  9. const Test = mongoose.model(&#39;Test&#39;, schema);
  11. (async function main() {
  12. 	try {
  13. 		await mongoose.connect(config.MONGODB_URI);
  14. 		await Test.collection.drop();
  15. 		// seed
  16. 		const [, t2] = await Test.create([
  17. 			{ name: &#39;name1&#39;, age: 14, children: [{ name: &#39;children1&#39;, studentid: 13 }] },
  18. 			{
  19. 				name: &#39;name2&#39;,
  20. 				age: 34,
  21. 				children: [
  22. 					{ name: &#39;childr344en1&#39;, studentid: 137 },
  23. 					{ name: &#39;children2&#39;, studentid: 14 },
  24. 				],
  25. 			},
  26. 		]);
  27. 		const res = await Test.updateMany(
  28. 			{
  29. 				name: &#39;name2&#39;,
  30. 				age: 34,
  31. 			},
  32. 			{
  33. 				$set: {
  34. 					&#39;children.$[element]&#39;: {
  35. 						name: &#39;updatedname&#39;,
  36. 						studentid: 123456789,
  37. 					},
  38. 				},
  39. 			},
  40. 			{
  41. 				arrayFilters: [
  42. 					{
  43. 						&#39;element.name&#39;: &#39;childr344en1&#39;,
  44. 						&#39;element.studentid&#39;: 137,
  45. 					},
  46. 				],
  47. 				upsert: true,
  48. 			},
  49. 		);
  50. 		console.log(res);
  51. 		const r = await Test.findOne({ name: &#39;name2&#39;, age: 34 }).select({ __v: 0 });
  52. 		console.log(r?.toObject());
  53. 	} catch (error) {
  54. 		console.error(error);
  55. 	} finally {
  56. 		await mongoose.connection.close();
  57. 	}
  58. })();

Debug logs:

  1. Mongoose: tests.drop()
  2. Mongoose: tests.insertOne({ name: &#39;name1&#39;, age: 14, children: [ { name: &#39;children1&#39;, studentid: 13, _id: ObjectId(&quot;649d795086edc01df88090ea&quot;) } ], _id: ObjectId(&quot;649d795086edc01df88090e9&quot;), __v: 0}, {})
  3. Mongoose: tests.insertOne({ name: &#39;name2&#39;, age: 34, children: [ { name: &#39;childr344en1&#39;, studentid: 137, _id: ObjectId(&quot;649d795086edc01df88090ec&quot;) }, { name: &#39;children2&#39;, studentid: 14, _id: ObjectId(&quot;649d795086edc01df88090ed&quot;) } ], _id: ObjectId(&quot;649d795086edc01df88090eb&quot;), __v: 0}, {})
  4. Mongoose: tests.updateMany({ name: &#39;name2&#39;, age: 34 }, { &#39;$setOnInsert&#39;: { __v: 0 }, &#39;$set&#39;: { &#39;children.$[element]&#39;: { name: &#39;updatedname&#39;, studentid: 123456789, _id: ObjectId(&quot;649d795186edc01df88090f0&quot;) } }}, { arrayFilters: [ { &#39;element.name&#39;: &#39;childr344en1&#39;, &#39;element.studentid&#39;: 137 } ], upsert: true})
  5. {
  6.   acknowledged: true,
  7.   modifiedCount: 1,
  8.   upsertedId: null,
  9.   upsertedCount: 0,
  10.   matchedCount: 1
  11. }
  12. Mongoose: tests.findOne({ name: &#39;name2&#39;, age: 34 }, { projection: { __v: 0 } })
  13. {
  14.   _id: new ObjectId(&quot;649d795086edc01df88090eb&quot;),
  15.   name: &#39;name2&#39;,
  16.   age: 34,
  17.   children: [
  18.     {
  19.       name: &#39;updatedname&#39;,
  20.       studentid: 123456789,
  21.       _id: new ObjectId(&quot;649d795186edc01df88090f0&quot;)
  22.     },
  23.     {
  24.       name: &#39;children2&#39;,
  25.       studentid: 14,
  26.       _id: new ObjectId(&quot;649d795086edc01df88090ed&quot;)
  27.     }
  28.   ]
  29. }

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2023年6月29日 17:13:07
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接：https://go.coder-hub.com/76579681.html
  • javascript
  • mongodb
  • mongoose
  • node.js
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