Installable created via CMake on Windows outputting error even when none when debugging it?

Problem

Synopsis

I am currently going through the CMake tutorial to deepen my understanding of the build system. So far, I have had no issues, but I am currently on Step5 - Exercise 1 learning about how to use CMake to make an installable executable using the install() command. While I am successfully running cmake --install. When I attempt to run the Tutorial.exe file either from my program x86 directory or my Desktop, I get a runtime issue as seen below...

←[31;1mNativeCommandExitException: ←[31;1mProgram "Tutorial.exe" ended with non-zero exit code: -1073741819.←[0m

Any insight on how to fix this or what is going on would be appreciated. From my limited understanding it appears the code for MathFunctions.cxx, MathFunctions.h, mysqrt.cxx, and mysqrt.h all look correct and I can't see anything that would cause an access violation error. The functions are well-contained and don't seem to be dealing with any potentially problematic memory operations such as dynamic memory allocation or array indexing, which are the usual suspects in cases of access violations.

Expectation

I am expecting my application to run as expected when I test the executable created in the build/Debug or build/Release folder in CLion.

Steps to Reproduce

1. Download the Official CMake Tutorial zip file here.
2. Go to Step5 - Exercise 1 as listed in this part of the official CMake tutorial (Don't worry about the previous steps, they are each independent)
3. Edit the Step5/CMakeLists.txt and MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt as specified in Step5 - Exercise 1 (*Refer to the solutions given in the tutorial)
4. Run cmake --install . --prefix "C:\Users\<YOUR USERNAME>\OneDrive\Desktop\Tutorial\" --config Debug
5. Notice when trying to run the Tutorial.exe located in the bin folder of your new output directory on your Desktop, you get the runtime error. However, when running the executable normally (either by manually typing in the source files and using g++) the runtime error is not present in the executable.

Approaches I have done to solve this error

• To better isolate the issue, I have created a new C++ project called "cmake-test-installable" that prints "Hello World" to the console. The project file structure is as follows...
  
• Below is the code for each of the relevant files of the project...

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
     
int main() {
    std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.26)
project(cmake_test_installable)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)

add_executable(cmake_test_installable main.cpp)

# Create an installable target
install(TARGETS cmake_test_installable DESTINATION bin)

• Additionally, I am using the same toolchain (MSYS2) and generator (Ninja) as I did previously for the tutorial.
  
• Also, the version of CMake I am using is version 3.26.4.
  
• Likewise, it also successfully creates an executable similar to the tutorial project when I run the command cmake --install...

• However, when I attempt to run the executable that is now on my Desktop, I get the following error...
  

Thanks to input from @John Hanely I was able to deduce that issue was relying on MinGW (MSYS2) as the toolchain and Ninja as the generator. Why I don't exactly know specifically what causes this to work, changing my CMake profile to rely instead on Visual Studio as the toolchain and Visual Studio 17 2022 as the generator actually correctly generates the installable executable.

Hope this helps all future people!