英文:
can't load sql dump to the containered mariadb
问题
我正在尝试创建一个基于Docker的MariaDB数据库。在构建过程中，我需要加载SQL转储文件。
以下是我的Dockerfile。
FROM alpine:3.18.2
WORKDIR /Database
COPY . /Database
# 安装MySQL及其依赖项
RUN apk update && apk upgrade
RUN apk add --no-cache mysql mysql-client openrc bash
# 启动MySQL服务器
RUN mkdir /run/mysqld
RUN mysql_install_db --user=root
RUN mysqld -u root --data=./data & > /dev/null &
#RUN rc-service mariadb start
# 将数据加载到数据库
RUN mariadb -u root -e "CREATE DATABASE passwords;"
RUN mariadb -u root -p < dump.sql
EXPOSE 3306
ENTRYPOINT ["./entrypoint.sh"]
但是，在构建容器时，我收到以下错误：
ERROR 2002 (HY000): 无法通过套接字'/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'（2）连接到本地服务器
据我了解，这似乎是在MariaDB未运行时出现的错误。但如果我取消注释 RUN rc-service mariadb start，则会收到另一个错误：
* 警告: mariadb 正在启动
命令'/bin/sh -c rc-service mariadb start'返回了一个非零代码: 1
我尝试进入容器的shell并手动启动MariaDB，但未成功。
英文:
I am trying to make a dockerized mariadb database. In this database i need to load sql dump while build.
Here is my Dockerfile.
FROM alpine:3.18.2
WORKDIR /Database
COPY . /Database
#install mysql and dependencies
RUN apk update && apk upgrade
RUN apk add --no-cache mysql mysql-client openrc bash
# start mysql server
RUN mkdir /run/mysqld
RUN mysql_install_db --user=root
RUN mysqld -u root --data=./data &> /dev/null &
#RUN rc-service mariadb start
# load data to database
RUN mariadb -u root -e "CREATE DATABASE passwords;"
RUN mariadb -u root -p < dump.sql
EXPOSE 3306
ENTRYPOINT ["./entrypoint.sh"]
But when I build container, I get this error:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local server through socket '/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)
As i understand it appears when mariadb is not running, but if i uncomment the RUN rc-service mariadb start i will get another error:
* WARNING: mariadb is already starting
The command '/bin/sh -c rc-service mariadb start' returned a non-zero code: 1
i have tried to enter the container's shell and start mariadb manualy but it was unsuccessful.
答案1
得分: 0
Docker构建阶段是独立的，你不能在RUN阶段运行后台进程并让它们在下一步中继续运行。
rc-service、systemctl、service等命令无法运行，因为没有正在运行的init或openrc进程，这些命令会连接到这些进程。
生成容器的最简单方法是以初始镜像为基础：
FROM mariadb:lts
COPY dump.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
这将在启动时初始化数据库。
如果你想要一个真正预生成的镜像：
FROM mariadb:lts
COPY dump.sql /
RUN echo '[mariadb]\ndatadir=/data' > /etc/mysql/conf.d/localdata.cnf ; mkdir /data ; mariadb-install-db ; mariadbd --bootstrap < dump.sql; chown -R mysql: /data ; rm /dump.sql
请注意，这不会设置任何数据库密码。此外，dump.sql 将以以下方式开始：
CREATE DATABASE passwords;
use passwords;
...
create table ....
英文:
Docker build stages are independent and you can't run background process in the RUN stages and have them still running on the next step.
rc-service, systemctl, service etc won't run because there is no init or openrc process running which these commands connect to.
The easiest way to generate a container is to base it on the initial image:
FROM mariadb:lts
COPY dump.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
This will initialize the database on startup.
If you want a truly pre-generated image:
FROM mariadb:lts
COPY dump.sql /
RUN echo '[mariadb]\ndatadir=/data' > /etc/mysql/conf.d/localdata.cnf ; mkdir /data ; mariadb-install-db ; mariadbd --bootstrap < dump.sql; chown -R mysql: /data ; rm /dump.sql
Note this won't have any database passwords setup. Also the dump.sql will begin with:
CREATE DATABASE passwords;
use passwords;
...
create table ....
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