我编写了这个Rake任务来查找Rails应用程序中未使用的列：
```ruby
desc '列出所有空列'
task list_empty_columns: :environment do
  ActiveRecord::Base.connection.tables.each do |table|
    # 忽略某些表
    next if %w[
      action active blazer brands_templates brands_ categories_ components_ covers_ metadata punches schema silos tag
      invoice session template_cate
    ].any? { |w| table.include?(w) }
    # 将类名转换为常量
    klass = table.singularize.camelize.constantize
    klass.columns.each do |column|
      # 检查所有值是否都为空（问题可能出在这里）
      next unless klass.where(column.name => nil).all?
      p "#{table} #{column.name} 全部为空"
    end
  end
end

<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
I&#39;ve written this rake task to find unused columns in a Rails app:

# constantize the class name
klass = table.singularize.camelize.constantize
klass.columns.each do |column|
  # check if all values are nil (problem must be here)
  next unless klass.where(column.name => nil).all?
  p "#{table} #{column.name} is all nil"
end

Unfortunately it prints out columns in the DB which have data in them too. What is wrong with the task?
</details>
# 答案1
**得分**: 1
- 使用 `pluck` 获取所有列值的数组
- 传递一个块来检查 `.all` 是否为 nil 的项
```ruby
next unless klass.pluck(column.name).all? {|col| col.nil?}

next unless klass.pluck(column.name).all?(&:nil?)