英文:
ggplot2: Splitting 1 level of grouping variable into multiple geom items within aes()?
问题
我有一个适合我的情节，但需要一些帮助将所有的`geom_line`和`ribbon`放在同一个图例中，就像下面的图例图片一样（在Excel中完成）。据我了解，ggplot使用`aes()`函数和颜色/填充命令将项目放入图例中，但每行数据都需要一个唯一的分组变量。我认为我的结果情节会要求ggplot尝试将相同的组别级别拆分为两种不同的美学效果（从2个分组级别生成4条线？）。但我不确定如何在不重组数据的情况下创建这个情节，并且不会失去我到目前为止所做的事情。本质上，我试图将我的“q2”列按“group”变量（High/Low）分组，就像我的geom_ribbon一样，但是它们有自己的线条和颜色（称为“中位数（高年）”和“中位数（低年）”）。此外，我希望将第二个数据框（“blackline”）也添加到图例中。
我的目标：
[![enter image description here][1]][1]
尝试：
[![enter image description here][2]][2]
情节：
```R
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(ribbons2, aes(x=Month, fill=group)) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin=q1,ymax=q3), alpha=0.4) +
geom_line(aes(x=Month, y=q2, fill =group, color = c("#DC143C", "#556B2F")), linewidth = 0.4, linetype = "dashed") +
geom_line(data=blackline, mapping=aes(x=Month, y=q2, fill = group), inherit.aes = FALSE, linewidth = 0.8) +
facet_wrap(factor(Zone)~ ., labeller=as_labeller(c("West" = "West",
"Whipray" = "Whipray",
"Rankin" = "Rankin",
"Crocodile" = "Crocodile Dragover*")),
scales='free') +
scale_x_continuous(breaks=c(5,6,7,8,9,10,11)) +
scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),
limits=c(0, 1),
breaks=c(0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0)) +
scale_fill_manual(name="", labels=c('25th - 75th percentile (High years)',
'25th - 75th percentile (Low years)'),
values=c("#d8e4bc", "#e8bcbc")) +
theme_classic()+
theme(strip.text = element_text(face = "bold"),
legend.justification = "top",
strip.background = element_blank(),
axis.title.y = element_text(face="bold", margin = margin(t = 0, r = 10, b = 0, l = 0)),
axis.title.x = element_text(face="bold", margin = margin(t = 10, r = 0, b = 0, l = 0)),
axis.text.x = element_text(size = 8),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 7)) +
ylab("Frequency of Occurence")
错误：
Error in `geom_line()`:
! Problem while computing aesthetics.
ℹ Error occurred in the 2nd layer.
Caused by error in `check_aesthetics()`:
! Aesthetics must be either length 1 or the same as the data (55)
✖ Fix the following mappings: `colour`
Run `rlang::last_trace()` to see where the error occurred.
Warning messages:
1: In geom_line(aes(x = Month, y = q2, fill = group, color = c("#DC143C", :
Ignoring unknown aesthetics: fill
2: In geom_line(data = blackline, mapping = aes(x = Month, y = q2, :
Ignoring unknown aesthetics: fill
数据（2个数据框）：
dput(blackline)
structure(list(Zone = c("Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile",
"Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Rankin",
"Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "West",
"West", "West", "West", "West", "West", "West", "Whipray", "Whipray",
"Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray"), Month = c(5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11), q2 = c(`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0,
`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0.0909,
`50%` = 0.1818, `50%` = 0.1364, `50%` = 0.0909, `50%` = 0.2727,
`50%` = 0.1818, `50%` = 0.05, `50%` = 0.1, `50%` = 0.2, `50%` = 0.25,
`50%` = 0.05, `50%` = 0.1, `50%` = 0.05, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0,
`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0.1053, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0),
group = c("2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021",
"2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "
<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
I have a plot that works for me, but need some help putting all the `geom_line`(s) and `ribbon`(s) in the same legend, like the image of the legend below (done in Excel). As I understand it, ggplot puts items in a legend using the aes() function and the color/fill commands, but each row of data needs a unique grouping variable. I think my resultant plot would be asking ggplot to try and split the same group level into two different aesthetics (making 4 lines from 2 grouping levels?). I'm not sure how to create this though without restructuring the data and loosing what I made so far. Essentially, I'm trying to group my "q2" column by the "group" variable (High/Low) like my geom_ribbon, but with their own lines and colors (called "Median (High Years)" and "Median (Low Years)"). Additionally, I hope to add the secondary dataframe ("blackline") it to the legend as well.
**My goal:**
[![enter image description here][1]][1]
**Attempt:**
[![enter image description here][2]][2]
Plot:
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(ribbons2, aes(x=Month, fill=group)) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin=q1,ymax=q3), alpha=0.4) +
geom_line(aes(x=Month, y=q2, fill =group, color = c("#DC143C", "#556B2F")), linewidth = 0.4, linetype = "dashed") +
geom_line(data=blackline, mapping=aes(x=Month, y=q2, fill = group), inherit.aes = FALSE, linewidth = 0.8) +
facet_wrap(factor(Zone)~ ., labeller=as_labeller(c("West" = "West",
"Whipray" = "Whipray",
"Rankin" = "Rankin",
"Crocodile" = "Crocodile Dragover*")),
scales='free') +
scale_x_continuous(breaks=c(5,6,7,8,9,10,11)) +
scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0),
limits=c(0, 1),
breaks=c(0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0)) +
scale_fill_manual(name="", labels=c('25th - 75th percentile (High years)',
'25th - 75th percentile (Low years)'),
values=c("#d8e4bc", "#e8bcbc")) +
theme_classic()+
theme(strip.text = element_text(face = "bold"),
legend.justification = "top",
strip.background = element_blank(),
axis.title.y = element_text(face="bold", margin = margin(t = 0, r = 10, b = 0, l = 0)),
axis.title.x = element_text(face="bold", margin = margin(t = 10, r = 0, b = 0, l = 0)),
axis.text.x = element_text(size = 8),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 7)) +
ylab("Frequency of Occurence")
Error:
Error in `geom_line()`:
! Problem while computing aesthetics.
ℹ Error occurred in the 2nd layer.
Caused by error in `check_aesthetics()`:
! Aesthetics must be either length 1 or the same as the data (55)
✖ Fix the following mappings: `colour`
Run `rlang::last_trace()` to see where the error occurred.
Warning messages:
1: In geom_line(aes(x = Month, y = q2, fill = group, color = c("#DC143C", :
Ignoring unknown aesthetics: fill
2: In geom_line(data = blackline, mapping = aes(x = Month, y = q2, :
Ignoring unknown aesthetics: fill
Data (2 data.frames):
> dput(blackline)
structure(list(Zone = c("Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile",
"Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Rankin",
"Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "West",
"West", "West", "West", "West", "West", "West", "Whipray", "Whipray",
"Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray"), Month = c(5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11), q2 = c(`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0,
`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0.0909,
`50%` = 0.1818, `50%` = 0.1364, `50%` = 0.0909, `50%` = 0.2727,
`50%` = 0.1818, `50%` = 0.05, `50%` = 0.1, `50%` = 0.2, `50%` = 0.25,
`50%` = 0.05, `50%` = 0.1, `50%` = 0.05, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0,
`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0.1053, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0),
group = c("2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021",
"2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021",
"2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021",
"2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021", "2021")), row.names = c(NA,
-28L), class = c("grouped_df", "tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"), groups = structure(list(
Zone = c("Crocodile", "Rankin", "West", "Whipray"), .rows = structure(list(
1:7, 8:14, 15:21, 22:28), ptype = integer(0), class = c("vctrs_list_of",
"vctrs_vctr", "list"))), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"
), row.names = c(NA, -4L), .drop = TRUE))
> dput(ribbons)
structure(list(Zone = c("Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile",
"Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Rankin",
"Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "West",
"West", "West", "West", "West", "West", "West", "Whipray", "Whipray",
"Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray", "Crocodile",
"Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile", "Crocodile",
"Crocodile", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin", "Rankin",
"Rankin", "Rankin", "West", "West", "West", "West", "West", "West",
"Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray", "Whipray",
"Whipray"), Month = c(5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10, 11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9, 10, 11), q1 = c(`25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0.05, `25%` = 0,
`25%` = 0.1, `25%` = 0.0625, `25%` = 0.0125, `25%` = 0.0909,
`25%` = 0.086, `25%` = 0.0649, `25%` = 0.2273, `25%` = 0.2208,
`25%` = 0.4302, `25%` = 0.2727, `25%` = 0.05, `25%` = 0.2, `25%` = 0.25,
`25%` = 0.25, `25%` = 0.3636, `25%` = 0.25, `25%` = 0.15, `25%` = 0.0132,
`25%` = 0, `25%` = 0.0789, `25%` = 0.1096, `25%` = 0.2763, `25%` = 0.2868,
`25%` = 0.0395, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0,
`25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0,
`25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0.05,
`25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0,
`25%` = 0, `25%` = 0, `25%` = 0.0132, `25%` = 0), q2 = c(`50%` = 0,
`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0.05, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0.1, `50%` = 0.1,
`50%` = 0.075, `50%` = 0.1364, `50%` = 0.1136, `50%` = 0.1357,
`50%` = 0.2273, `50%` = 0.2273, `50%` = 0.4773, `50%` = 0.2792,
`50%` = 0.075, `50%` = 0.25, `50%` = 0.25, `50%` = 0.25, `50%` = 0.3684,
`50%` = 0.2857, `50%` = 0.1923, `50%` = 0.0263, `50%` = 0.0526,
`50%` = 0.3026, `50%` = 0.2056, `50%` = 0.4079, `50%` = 0.3684,
`50%` = 0.1316, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0,
`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0,
`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0.05,
`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0,
`50%` = 0, `50%` = 0, `50%` = 0.0526, `50%` = 0), q3 = c(`75%` = 0,
`75%` = 0, `75%` = 0.1, `75%` = 0.0125, `75%` = 0.15, `75%` = 0.175,
`75%` = 0.1, `75%` = 0.1818, `75%` = 0.1591, `75%` = 0.2295,
`75%` = 0.2922, `75%` = 0.2273, `75%` = 0.5114, `75%` = 0.3929,
`75%` = 0.15, `75%` = 0.35, `75%` = 0.3, `75%` = 0.25, `75%` = 0.45,
`75%` = 0.35, `75%` = 0.2, `75%` = 0.0395, `75%` = 0.1289, `75%` = 0.55,
`75%` = 0.375, `75%` = 0.575, `75%` = 0.4658, `75%` = 0.2329,
`75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0,
`75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0.0109, `75%` = 0,
`75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0.05, `75%` = 0,
`75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0, `75%` = 0,
`75%` = 0, `75%` = 0.0882, `75%` = 0), group = c("high", "high",
"high", "high", "high", "high", "high", "high", "high", "high",
"high", "high", "high", "high", "high", "high", "high", "high",
"high", "high", "high", "high", "high", "high", "high", "high",
"high", "high", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low",
"low", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low",
"low", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low", "low",
"low", "low")), row.names = c(NA, -55L), groups = structure(list(
Zone = c("Crocodile", "Rankin", "West", "Whipray"), .rows = structure(list(
c(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 29L, 30L, 31L, 32L, 33L,
34L, 35L), c(8L, 9L, 10L, 11L, 12L, 13L, 14L, 36L, 37L,
38L, 39L, 40L, 41L, 42L), c(15L, 16L, 17L, 18L, 19L,
20L, 21L, 43L, 44L, 45L, 46L, 47L, 48L), c(22L, 23L,
24L, 25L, 26L, 27L, 28L, 49L, 50L, 51L, 52L, 53L, 54L,
55L)), ptype = integer(0), class = c("vctrs_list_of",
"vctrs_vctr", "list"))), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"
), row.names = c(NA, -4L), .drop = TRUE), class = c("grouped_df",
"tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"))
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/VuBhs.png
[2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/rSWh8.png
</details>
# 答案1
**得分**: 1
将混合不同美学和几何元素时，正确显示图例始终有点棘手。首先，由于您的图例应显示5个不同的类别，仅将`group`映射到美学上是不足够的。相反，我们必须为彩色线条创建两个更多的类别，以及一个黑色线条的类别。对于彩色线条，我使用`paste0(group, " _line ")`，而对于黑色线条，我只是使用` "2021" `。其次，为了确保不同美学（即`color`和`fill`）的图例合并，我确保每个图例中都显示了所有五个类别，为此我使用了`limits`参数。当然，我们需要相同的`labels`。此外，我们还需要为每个类别分配一个值。最后，为了在图例中反映不同的线型和线宽，我还在`linetype`和`linewidth`美学上进行了映射。
```R
library(ggplot2)
limits <- c("high", "high_line", "2021", "low", "low_line")
labels <- c(
high = "25th - 75th percentile (High years)",
low = "25th - 75th percentile (Low years)",
high_line = "Median (High years)",
low_line = "Median (Low years)",
"2021" = "2021"
)
ggplot(ribbons, aes(x = Month, fill = group)) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = q1, ymax = q3), alpha = 0.4) +
geom_line(
aes(
x = Month, y = q2,
color = paste0(group, "_line"),
linetype = paste0(group, "_line"),
linewidth = paste0(group, "_line")
)
) +
geom_line(
data = blackline, mapping = aes(
x = Month, y = q2, color = "2021",
linetype = "2021",
linewidth = "2021"
),
inherit.aes = FALSE
) +
facet_wrap(factor(Zone) ~ .,
labeller = as_labeller(c(
"West" = "West",
"Whipray" = "Whipray",
"Rankin" = "Rankin",
"Crocodile" = "Crocodile Dragover*"
)),
scales = "free"
) +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = c(5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)) +
scale_y_continuous(
expand = c(0, 0),
limits = c(0, 1),
breaks = c(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0)
) +
scale_fill_manual(
limits = limits,
labels = labels,
values = c(
high = "#d8e4bc", low = "#e8bcbc",
high_line = "transparent", low_line = "transparent", "2021" = "transparent"
)
) +
scale_color_manual(
limits = limits,
labels = labels,
values = c(
low_line = "#DC143C", high_line = "#556B2F",
low = "transparent", high = "transparent", "2021" = "black"
)
) +
scale_linetype_manual(
limits = limits,
labels = labels,
values = c(
low_line = "dashed", high_line = "dashed",
low = "blank", high = "blank", "2021" = "solid"
)
) +
scale_linewidth_manual(
limits = limits,
labels = labels,
values = c(
low_line = .4, high_line = .4,
low = .1, high = .1, "2021" = .8
)
) +
theme_classic() +
theme(
strip.text = element_text(face = "bold"),
legend.justification = "top",
strip.background = element_blank(),
axis.title.y = element_text(face = "bold", margin = margin(t = 0, r = 10, b = 0, l = 0)),
axis.title.x = element_text(face = "bold", margin = margin(t = 10, r = 0, b = 0, l = 0)),
axis.text.x = element_text(size = 8),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 7)
) +
labs(y = "Frequency of Occurence", color = NULL, fill = NULL, linetype = NULL, linewidth = NULL)
<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
Getting the legend right when mixing different aesthetics and geoms is always a bit tricky. First, as your legend should display 5 different categories, simply mapping `group` on aesthetics isn't sufficient. Instead we have to crate two more categories for the colored lines and one for the black line. For the colored ones I use `paste0(group, "_line")` whereas for the black one I simply use `"2021"`. Second, to make sure that the legends for the different aesthetics, i.e. `color` and `fill` get merged I make sure that all five categories are displayed in each legend for which I use the `limits` argument. And of course do we need the same `labels` for each. Moreover, we have to assign a value to each category. Finally, for the perfect look at to reflect the different linetypes and line widths in the legend too I also map on the `linetype` and the `linewidth` aesthetic.
library(ggplot2)
limits <- c("high", "high_line", "2021", "low", "low_line")
labels <- c(
high = "25th - 75th percentile (High years)",
low = "25th - 75th percentile (Low years)",
high_line = "Median (High years)",
low_line = "Median (Low years)",
"2021" = "2021"
)
ggplot(ribbons, aes(x = Month, fill = group)) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = q1, ymax = q3), alpha = 0.4) +
geom_line(
aes(
x = Month, y = q2,
color = paste0(group, "_line"),
linetype = paste0(group, "_line"),
linewidth = paste0(group, "_line")
)
) +
geom_line(
data = blackline, mapping = aes(
x = Month, y = q2, color = "2021",
linetype = "2021",
linewidth = "2021"
),
inherit.aes = FALSE
) +
facet_wrap(factor(Zone) ~ .,
labeller = as_labeller(c(
"West" = "West",
"Whipray" = "Whipray",
"Rankin" = "Rankin",
"Crocodile" = "Crocodile Dragover*"
)),
scales = "free"
) +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = c(5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)) +
scale_y_continuous(
expand = c(0, 0),
limits = c(0, 1),
breaks = c(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0)
) +
scale_fill_manual(
limits = limits,
labels = labels,
values = c(
high = "#d8e4bc", low = "#e8bcbc",
high_line = "transparent", low_line = "transparent", "2021" = "transparent"
)
) +
scale_color_manual(
limits = limits,
labels = labels,
values = c(
low_line = "#DC143C", high_line = "#556B2F",
low = "transparent", high = "transparent", "2021" = "black"
)
) +
scale_linetype_manual(
limits = limits,
labels = labels,
values = c(
low_line = "dashed", high_line = "dashed",
low = "blank", high = "blank", "2021" = "solid"
)
) +
scale_linewidth_manual(
limits = limits,
labels = labels,
values = c(
low_line = .4, high_line = .4,
low = .1, high = .1, "2021" = .8
)
) +
theme_classic() +
theme(
strip.text = element_text(face = "bold"),
legend.justification = "top",
strip.background = element_blank(),
axis.title.y = element_text(face = "bold", margin = margin(t = 0, r = 10, b = 0, l = 0)),
axis.title.x = element_text(face = "bold", margin = margin(t = 10, r = 0, b = 0, l = 0)),
axis.text.x = element_text(size = 8),
axis.text.y = element_text(size = 7)
) +
labs(y = "Frequency of Occurence", color = NULL, fill = NULL, linetype = NULL, linewidth = NULL)
[![enter image description here][1]][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/roHDM.png
</details>
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