英文:
make; get files from dir recursively
问题
我需要将特定验证应用于我的测试文件，我们的项目使用 make，所以我也尝试使用 make 来做这件事。我遇到的问题是，我要么可以获取我的目录中第一级的所有测试文件，要么获取第二级及以下的测试文件：
TESTS = dir_1/**/test_*.py \
dir_2/test_*.py
check_tests:
set -x; for test_file in $(TESTS); do echo $$test_file; check_test $$test_file; done;
假设我们有以下目录结构：
dir_1
test_one.py
dir_1_1
test_two.py
dir_2
test_three.py
dir_2_1
test_four.py
这种方法将返回 dir_1/dir_1_1/test_two.py dir_2/test_three.py。我不想为每个目录编写这两个模式。是否有一种模式可以获取目录及其子目录中的所有匹配文件？
英文:
I need to apply a certain validation to my test files, our project uses make, so I'm trying to do that using make, too. The problem I'm running into is that I can either get all the test files in the first level of my dirs, or the second and lower:
TESTS = dir_1/**/test_*.py \
dir_2/test_*.py
check_tests:
set -x; for test_file in $(TESTS); do echo $$test_file; check_test $$test_file; done;
Suppose we have the following dir structure:
dir_1
test_one.py
dir_1_1
test_two.py
dir_2
test_three.py
dir_2_1
test_four.py
This approach will yield dir_1/dir_1_1/test_two.py dir_2/test_three.py. I don't want to have to write both patterns for each of the dirs. Is there a pattern I can use that will fetch all the matching files in a dir and its subdirectories?
答案1
得分: 1
“**” 表示“搜索所有子目录”，这是一些Shell的特殊功能，但不是POSIX Shell的功能。如果在系统上提供标准的POSIX Shell（例如Debian及其变种如Ubuntu）作为/bin/sh，则使用它的话，您的makefile将无法工作。即使在某些Shell上，它可以工作，通常您也必须指定一个特殊选项来启用它。实际上，从您获得的输出来看，它并没有真正起作用，它只被视为一个单独的*。
在POSIX 中查找所有子目录中的文件的方式是使用find程序。您可以像这样做：
TEST_DIRS := dir_1 dir_2
TEST_FILES := $(foreach D,$(TEST_DIRS),$(shell find $D -name 'test_*.cpp' -print))
check_tests:
set -x; for test_file in $(TEST_FILES); do echo $$test_file; check_test $$test_file; done
请注意，上面的makefile中已经将双星号（**）替换为了单星号（*），并添加了适用于makefile的语法。
英文:
The ** meaning "search all subdirectories" is a special feature of some shells, but it's not a feature of POSIX shells. By using it your makefile will not work on systems which provide a standard POSIX shell as /bin/sh (such as, for example, Debian and its variants like Ubuntu). Even with shells where it does work often you have to specify a special option to enable it. In fact it's not actually working for you as seen by the output you get: it's being treated just as a single *.
The POSIX way to find all files in subdirectories is to use the find program. You could do something like this:
TEST_DIRS := dir_1 dir_2
TEST_FILES := $(foreach D,$(TEST_DIRS),$$(find $D -name test_\*.cpp -print))
check_tests:
set -x; for test_file in $(TEST_FILES); do echo $$test_file; check_test $$test_file; done
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