使用Python从坐标中提取区域

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英文:

Extract District from Coordinates Using Python

问题

我有一组经度和纬度坐标，并希望能够使用Python提取每个坐标的区域。

到目前为止，我已经使用geopy库开发了以下函数：

  1. from geopy.geocoders import Nominatim
  2. from geopy.point import Point
  4. MAX_RETRIES = 5
  6. def get_district(lat, longi):
  7.   geolocator = Nominatim(user_agent="http")
  8.   point = Point(lat, longi)
  10.   retries = 0
  12.   while retries < MAX_RETRIES:
  13.     retries += 1
  14.     try:
  15.       location = geolocator.reverse(point)
  16.       district = location.raw['address']['state_district']
  17.       return district
  18.     except:
  19.       print('Request failed.')
  20.       print('Retrying..')
  21.       time.sleep(2)
  23.   print('Max retries exceeded.')
  24.   return None

这对于单个点来说是有效的，但我有很多这样的点（大约10,000个），而且这只能适用于一个坐标。没有批量请求多个点的选项。

此外，当进行多个此类请求时，此API变得不太可靠。

有没有更好的方法来使用Python实现这一点？我愿意尝试任何方法。即使有一个包含坐标与区域映射的文件，我也可以接受。

注意：目前，我正在查看斯里兰卡的坐标。

英文:

I have a collection of longitudes and latitudes, and I want to be able to extract the district of each of these coordinates using Python.

As of right now, I have developed the following function using the geopy library,

  1. from geopy.geocoders import Nominatim
  2. from geopy.point import Point
  4. MAX_RETRIES = 5
  6. def get_district(lat, longi):
  7.   geolocator = Nominatim(user_agent=&quot;http&quot;)
  8.   point = Point(lat, longi)
  10.   retries = 0
  12.   while retries &lt; MAX_RETRIES:
  13.     retries += 1
  14.     try:
  15.       location = geolocator.reverse(point)
  16.       district = location.raw[&#39;address&#39;][&#39;state_district&#39;]
  17.       return district
  18.     except:
  19.       print(&#39;Request failed.&#39;)
  20.       print(&#39;Retrying..&#39;)
  21.       time.sleep(2)
  23.   print(&#39;Max retries exceeded.&#39;)
  24.   return None

This works fine for a single point, but I have a number of them (approximately 10,000) and this only works for one coordinate at a time. There is no option to make bulk requests for several points.

Furthermore, this API becomes quite unreliable when making multiple such requests.

Is there a better way to achieve this using Python? I am open to any approach. Even if there is a file of sorts that I can find with a mapping of the coordinates against the districts, it works for me.

Note: At the moment, I am looking at coordinates in Sri Lanka.

答案1

得分: 1

你可以使用Geopandas。首先，你需要下载斯里兰卡的shapefile文件（DDL），然后提取第二级的文件（行政区划，ADM2）。最后，

  1. # pip install geopandas
  2. import geopandas as gpd
  3. from shapely.geometry import Point
  5. # 你还需要.shx文件
  6. gdf = gpd.read_file('lka_admbnda_adm2_slsd_20220816.shp')
  8. def get_district(lat, longi):
  9.     point = Point(longi, lat)  # 在这里交换了longi和lat
  10.     return gdf.loc[gdf.contains(point), 'ADM2_EN'].squeeze()

用法:

  1. >>> get_district(6.927079, 79.861244)
  2. 'Colombo'
  4. >>> get_district(9.661498, 80.025547)
  5. 'Jaffna'
英文:

You can use Geopandas. First you have to download the shapefiles of Sri Lanka (DDL) then extract the files of the second level (district, adm2). Finally,

  1. # pip install geopandas
  2. import geopandas as gpd
  3. from shapely.geometry import Point
  5. # you also need .shx file
  6. gdf = gpd.read_file(&#39;lka_admbnda_adm2_slsd_20220816.shp&#39;)
  8. def get_district(lat, longi):
  9.     point = Point(longi, lat)  # swap longi and lat here
  10.     return gdf.loc[gdf.contains(point), &#39;ADM2_EN&#39;].squeeze()

Usage:

  1. &gt;&gt;&gt; get_district(6.927079, 79.861244)
  2. &#39;Colombo&#39;
  4. &gt;&gt;&gt; get_district(9.661498, 80.025547)
  5. &#39;Jaffna&#39;

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2023年6月15日 14:11:13
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接：https://go.coder-hub.com/76479572.html
  • geopoints
  • geopy
  • python
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