问题

当我尝试运行下面的代码时，它只是尝试绘制一条单独的线，我收到以下错误：

Qt3D.Renderer.RHI.Backend: 使用DirectX后端初始化RHI
无法创建输入布局：错误0x80070057：参数无效。
Qt3D.Renderer.RHI.Backend: 无法构建图形管线：创建失败

我能够无问题地运行[简单的Qt 3D示例][1]，并且我可以修改它以从`.stl`文件加载对象。我还查看了一些在下面类似的方式中使用QGeometryRenderer的GitHub存储库，但我尝试的所有变体都导致相同的错误。

平台：Win 10 x64，Python 3.11.4，PySide6 6.4.2。

[1]: https://doc.qt.io/qtforpython-6/examples/example_3d_simple3d.html

这是一个能复现问题的最小示例：
```python
# 以下代码保持不变

<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>

When I try to run the code below, which just attempts to draw a single line, I get the following error:

Qt3D.Renderer.RHI.Backend: Initializing RHI with DirectX backend
Failed to create input layout: Error 0x80070057: The parameter is incorrect.
Qt3D.Renderer.RHI.Backend: Failed to build graphics pipeline: Creation Failed

I am able to run the [Simple Qt 3D Example][1] with no issues, and I can modify it load objects from `.stl` files.  I've also looked through a handful of github repositories that use QGeometryRenderer in a similar manner as below, but all the variations I've tried result in the same error.

Platform: Win 10 x64, Python 3.11.4, PySide6 6.4.2.

[1]: https://doc.qt.io/qtforpython-6/examples/example_3d_simple3d.html


Here's a minimal example that reproduces the issue:

```python
import struct
import sys
from PySide6.QtCore import (QByteArray)
from PySide6.QtGui import (QGuiApplication, QVector3D)
from PySide6.Qt3DCore import (Qt3DCore)
from PySide6.Qt3DExtras import (Qt3DExtras)
from PySide6.Qt3DRender import (Qt3DRender)


class Line(Qt3DCore.QEntity):
    def __init__(self, parent=None,
                 start=QVector3D(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
                 end = QVector3D(10.0, 0.0, 0.0)):
        super().__init__(parent)

        self.start = start
        self.end = end
        self.geometry = Qt3DCore.QGeometry(self)

        # Create a vertex buffer to hold the vertex data
        points = QByteArray()
        points.append(struct.pack('f', start.x()))
        points.append(struct.pack('f', start.y()))
        points.append(struct.pack('f', start.z()))
        points.append(struct.pack('f', end.x()))
        points.append(struct.pack('f', end.y()))
        points.append(struct.pack('f', end.z()))
        self.vertexBuffer = Qt3DCore.QBuffer(self.geometry)
        self.vertexBuffer.setData(points)

        # Create an attribute to hold the vertex data
        attribute = Qt3DCore.QAttribute(self.geometry)
        attribute.setName(Qt3DCore.QAttribute.defaultPositionAttributeName())
        attribute.setVertexBaseType(Qt3DCore.QAttribute.VertexBaseType.Float)
        attribute.setVertexSize(3)
        attribute.setAttributeType(Qt3DCore.QAttribute.AttributeType.VertexAttribute)
        attribute.setBuffer(self.vertexBuffer)
        attribute.setByteOffset(0)
        attribute.setByteStride(3 * 4)
        attribute.setCount(2)
        self.geometry.addAttribute(attribute)

        # Create a renderer to render the line
        self.renderer = Qt3DRender.QGeometryRenderer()
        self.renderer.setPrimitiveType(Qt3DRender.QGeometryRenderer.Lines)
        self.renderer.setGeometry(self.geometry)
        self.addComponent(self.renderer)


class Window(Qt3DExtras.Qt3DWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.camera().lens().setPerspectiveProjection(45, 16 / 9, 0.1, 1000)
        self.camera().setPosition(QVector3D(0, 0, 10))
        self.camera().setViewCenter(QVector3D(0, 0, 0))

        self.rootEntity = Qt3DCore.QEntity()
        self.material = Qt3DExtras.QPhongMaterial(self.rootEntity)
        self.line = Line(self.rootEntity)
        self.line.addComponent(self.material)

        self.camController = Qt3DExtras.QOrbitCameraController(self.rootEntity)
        self.camController.setLinearSpeed(50)
        self.camController.setLookSpeed(180)
        self.camController.setCamera(self.camera())

        self.setRootEntity(self.rootEntity)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QGuiApplication(sys.argv)
    view = Window()
    view.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())

答案1

得分: 0

根据relent95的评论建议，设置QT3D_RENDERER环境变量完全解决了这个问题。

在脚本顶部，我添加了：

os.environ['QT3D_RENDERER'] = 'opengl'

然后脚本就可以无错误地运行了。我在这里找到了一些与此环境变量相关的文档：https://doc.qt.io/qtforpython-6/overviews/qt3drender-porting-to-rhi.html

os.environ['QT3D_RENDERER'] = 'opengl'