问题

I want to use Backblaze B2 to serve media files only in Django. I have used django-storages for that purpose, and as per its documentation it supports Backblaze B2.

I used the below configuration in settings.py -

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ............
    'storages',
    'boto',
]

STORAGES = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage",
    },
    "staticfiles": {
        "BACKEND": "whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage",
    },
}

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = "<my_backblaze_application_keyID>"
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = "<my_backblaze_applicationKey>"
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = "<my_public_bucket_name>"
AWS_S3_REGION_NAME = "<region_set_by_backblaze>"
AWS_S3_ENDPOINT = f"s3.{AWS_S3_REGION_NAME}.backblazeb2.com"
AWS_S3_ENDPOINT_URL = f"https://{AWS_S3_ENDPOINT}"
AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN = f'{AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME}.{AWS_S3_ENDPOINT}'

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

But the files are not uploading in Backblaze. How to implement that properly?

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ............
    'storages',
    'boto',
]

STORAGES = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage",
    },
    "staticfiles": {
        "BACKEND": "whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage",
    },
}

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = "<my_backblaze_application_keyID>"
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = "<my_backblaze_applicationKey>"
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = "<my_public_bucket_name>"
AWS_S3_REGION_NAME = "<region_set_by_backblaze>"
AWS_S3_ENDPOINT = f"s3.{AWS_S3_REGION_NAME}.backblazeb2.com"
AWS_S3_ENDPOINT_URL = f"https://{AWS_S3_ENDPOINT}"
AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN = f'{AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME}.{AWS_S3_ENDPOINT}'

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

答案1

得分: 2

你在评论中提到它会静默失败，但会保存数据？它也会将上传的文件保存到磁盘上吗？如果是的话，听起来它仍然在使用默认的存储后端。

我刚刚启动了一个Django应用程序来测试这个，因为在Django 4.2改变了存储配置之后，我之前就一直没有成功过。以下是对我有效的设置。

`settings.py`

```python
STORAGES = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage"
    },
    "staticfiles": {
        "BACKEND": "django.contrib.staticfiles.storage.StaticFilesStorage"
    }
}

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = os.environ['B2_APPLICATION_KEY_ID']
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = os.environ['B2_APPLICATION_KEY']
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = os.environ['B2_BUCKET_NAME']
AWS_S3_REGION_NAME = os.environ['B2_REGION']
AWS_S3_ENDPOINT = f's3.{AWS_S3_REGION_NAME}.backblazeb2.com'
AWS_S3_ENDPOINT_URL = f'https://{AWS_S3_ENDPOINT}'
AWS_DEFAULT_ACL = 'public-read'

AWS_LOCATION = 'media/'

关于这些设置的说明：

• 我不需要在INSTALLED_APPS中添加任何内容。
• 我使用了默认的静态文件存储后端，因为我关注的是Backblaze B2的配置。
• 我习惯将凭据设置为环境变量，以降低它们在我将代码推送到GitHub、StackOverflow等平台时泄露的可能性。
• AWS_S3_REGION_NAME应该是us-west-004、eu-central-003或类似的值。
• 看起来你在使用一个公共存储桶。默认情况下，S3后端使用private访问控制列表（ACL）创建文件，但是B2在存储桶级别设置可见性，对象的ACL必须匹配。
• 要将文件放入存储桶中的特定文件夹，你需要使用AWS_LOCATION，而不是MEDIA_URL。请注意，在位置（location）中不需要前导的/。

我将整个示例放在了https://github.com/backblaze-b2-samples/django-42-example上，你可以看到我如何设置模型、视图等。

最后一点要注意的是检查你的Django版本：

% python -m django --version 
4.2.1

如果你使用的是早于Django 4.2的版本，存储设置的语法会有所不同。你需要将这个：

STORAGES = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage",
    },
    "staticfiles": {
        "BACKEND": "whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage",
    },
}

改成这个：

DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage'

STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'

<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>

You mentioned in a comment that it silently fails, but it saves the data? Does it save the uploaded file to disk also? If so, it sounds like it&#39;s still using the default storage backend.

I just spun up a Django app to test this, as I&#39;ve had it working in the past, but not since Django 4.2 changed storage configuration. These are the settings that worked for me. 

`settings.py`

STORAGES = {
"default": {
"BACKEND": "storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage"
},
"staticfiles": {
"BACKEND": "django.contrib.staticfiles.storage.StaticFilesStorage"
}
}

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = os.environ['B2_APPLICATION_KEY_ID']
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = os.environ['B2_APPLICATION_KEY']
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = os.environ['B2_BUCKET_NAME']
AWS_S3_REGION_NAME = os.environ['B2_REGION']
AWS_S3_ENDPOINT = f's3.{AWS_S3_REGION_NAME}.backblazeb2.com'
AWS_S3_ENDPOINT_URL = f'https://{AWS_S3_ENDPOINT}'
AWS_DEFAULT_ACL = 'public-read'

AWS_LOCATION = 'media/'

Notes on the settings:

 - I didn't need to add anything to `INSTALLED_APPS`
 - I used the default static storage backend, since I was focused on the Backblaze B2 configuration
 - I'm in the habit of setting credentials as environment variables, to reduce the chance they leak when I push code to GitHub, StackOverflow etc.
 - `AWS_S3_REGION_NAME` should be `us-west-004`, `eu-central-003` or similar
 - It looks like you're using a public bucket. By default, the S3 backend creates files with a `private` ACL, but B2 sets visibility at the bucket level, and object ACL's have to match.
 - To put files in a particular folder in the bucket, you need to use `AWS_LOCATION`, rather than `MEDIA_URL`. Note that you don't need the leading `/` in the location.

I put the entire sample online at https://github.com/backblaze-b2-samples/django-42-example, so you can see how I set up the model, view etc.

One final thought - check your Django version:

% python -m django --version
4.2.1

If you're using a version older than Django 4.2, the syntax for storage settings is different. You'll need to change this:

STORAGES = {
"default": {
"BACKEND": "storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage",
},
"staticfiles": {
"BACKEND": "whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage",
},
}

to this:

DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage'

STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'

</details>