英文:
Can't understand the mysql self left-join query
问题
以下是您要翻译的内容:
我遇到一个查询,其中包括以下内容,
SELECT it1.survey_set_id, it1.type, it1.value FROM survey_condition_filter it1 LEFT JOIN survey_condition_filter it2 ON(it1.survey_set_id = it2.survey_set_id AND it2.type = 3002) WHERE it1.type IN (2000, 2001, 2002) AND it2.value IS NULL;
为什么在上面的查询中使用了自连接左连接?
SELECT survey_set_id, type, value FROM survey_condition_filter WHERE type IN (2000, 2001, 2002);
上面的查询不等同于第一个使用了自连接左连接的查询吗?因为查询也只是过滤了 IN (2000, 2001, 2002) AND it2.value IS NULL
。我对这里使用连接查询感到困惑,无法真正理解第一个查询的工作方式。
这是表格 survey_condition_filter:
+---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| survey_id | bigint | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| survey_set_id | bigint | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| type | int | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| condition | tinyint | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| value | varchar(15) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| display_value | text | NO | | NULL | |
| order | int | YES | | NULL | |
| created_at | datetime | NO | | NULL | |
| created_by | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| updated_at | datetime | NO | | NULL | |
| updated_by | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| deleted_at | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
| deleted_by | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
英文:
I come across a query which is,
SELECT it1.survey_set_id, it1.type, it1.value FROM survey_condition_filter it1 LEFT JOIN survey_condition_filter it2 ON(it1.survey_set_id = it2.survey_set_id AND it2.type = 3002) WHERE it1.type IN (2000, 2001, 2002) AND it2.value IS NULL;
Why is self left-join is used in the above query.
SELECT survey_set_id, type, value FROM survey_condition_filter WHERE type IN (2000, 2001, 2002);
isn't the above query is equivalent to the first query which used self left-join. since the query is just also filtering the IN (2000, 2001, 2002) AND it2.value IS NULL
. I am confused the use of join query here and can't really understand the working of the first query.
This is table survey_condition_filter
+---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| survey_id | bigint | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| survey_set_id | bigint | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| type | int | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| condition | tinyint | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| value | varchar(15) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| display_value | text | NO | | NULL | |
| order | int | YES | | NULL | |
| created_at | datetime | NO | | NULL | |
| created_by | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| updated_at | datetime | NO | | NULL | |
| updated_by | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| deleted_at | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
| deleted_by | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
答案1
得分: 0
这是一种反连接。我们外连接一张表,然后仅保留外连接的行(通过在此应用 WHERE ... it2.value IS NULL
)。在我看来,使用直接的 NOT EXISTS
(或在许多情况下使用 NOT IN
)更为常见,也更易读。
选择 it1.survey_set_id,it1.type,it1.value
从 survey_condition_filter it1 中选择
其中 it1.type 在 (2000、2001、2002) 中
并且 NOT EXISTS
(
选择 null
从 survey_condition_filter it2 中选择
其中 it2.survey_set_id = it1.survey_set_id
并且 it2.type = 3002
);
此查询的作用很明显:选择所有类型为 2000/2001/2002 的行,其中同一 survey_set_id 不存在类型为 3002 的行。
如果 survey_set_id 是非空列,则可以使用 NOT IN
,这样查询会变得稍微更短:
选择 it1.survey_set_id,it1.type,it1.value
从 survey_condition_filter it1 中选择
其中 it1.type 在 (2000、2001、2002) 中
并且 it1.survey_set_id NOT IN
(
选择 it2.survey_set_id
从 survey_condition_filter it2 中选择
其中 it2.type = 3002
);
英文:
This is an anti join. We outer join a table, but then only keep the outer joined rows (by applying WHERE ... it2.value IS NULL
here). It is much more common - and much more readable in my opinion - to use a straight-forward NOT EXISTS
(or NOT IN
in many situations).
SELECT it1.survey_set_id, it1.type, it1.value
FROM survey_condition_filter it1
WHERE it1.type IN (2000, 2001, 2002)
AND NOT EXISTS
(
SELECT null
FROM survey_condition_filter it2
WHERE it2.survey_set_id = it1.survey_set_id
AND it2.type = 3002
);
What this query does is obvious: select all type 2000/2001/2002 rows where not exists a 3002 row for the same survey_set_id .
If survey_set_id is a non-nullable column, you can use NOT IN
, which gets the query even a tad shorter:
SELECT it1.survey_set_id, it1.type, it1.value
FROM survey_condition_filter it1
WHERE it1.type IN (2000, 2001, 2002)
AND itl.survey_set_id NOT IN
(
SELECT it2.survey_set_id
FROM survey_condition_filter it2
WHERE it2.type = 3002
);
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