英文:
Viewing all the File Handling Methods and all the types of Errors in Python
问题
如何编写一个代码，我可以使用它来查看Python 3中的所有文件方法，例如close()、detach()、readline()、readlines() ...？我还想编写另一个代码，显示所有可能的错误，例如ArithmeticError、AssertionError、MemoryError ...。我尝试使用dir()来列出预期的输出，但目前还没有成功。我应该如何编写这些代码？
英文:
How would I be able to write a code that I can use to see all of the File Methods like close(), detach(), readline(), readlines() ... in python 3. I also want to have another code that shows all the possible errors like ArithmeticError, AssertionError, MemoryError .... I am trying to use dir() to be able to list the intended outputs but was unsuccessful so far. How would I go about coding or these?
答案1
得分: 1
Open a file and use dir() on the open file object. Remove the entries starting with _ as they are typically implementation details. If you only want callable methods use getattr to look up the attribute in the object and callable to see if it is a method. There will be slightly different lists depending on the mode the file is opened with.
>>> t = open('x.txt', 'w') # text mode>>> b = open('y.txt', 'wb') # binary mode>>> print('\n'.join(x for x in dir(t) if callable(getattr(t, x)) and not x.startswith('_')))closedetachfilenoflushisattyreadreadablereadlinereadlinesreconfigureseekseekabletelltruncatewritablewritewritelines>>> print('\n'.join(x for x in dir(b) if callable(getattr(b, x)) and not x.startswith('_')))closedetachfilenoflushisattyreadread1readablereadintoreadinto1readlinereadlinesseekseekabletelltruncatewritablewritewritelines
For errors, the following works:
>>> print('\n'.join(x for x in dir(__builtins__) if x.endswith('Error')))ArithmeticErrorAssertionErrorAttributeErrorBlockingIOErrorBrokenPipeErrorBufferErrorChildProcessErrorConnectionAbortedErrorConnectionErrorConnectionRefusedErrorConnectionResetErrorEOFErrorEnvironmentErrorFileExistsErrorFileNotFoundErrorFloatingPointErrorIOErrorImportErrorIndentationErrorIndexErrorInterruptedErrorIsADirectoryErrorKeyErrorLookupErrorMemoryErrorModuleNotFoundErrorNameErrorNotADirectoryErrorNotImplementedErrorOSErrorOverflowErrorPermissionErrorProcessLookupErrorRecursionErrorReferenceErrorRuntimeErrorSyntaxErrorSystemErrorTabErrorTimeoutErrorTypeErrorUnboundLocalErrorUnicodeDecodeErrorUnicodeEncodeErrorUnicodeErrorUnicodeTranslateErrorValueErrorWindowsErrorZeroDivisionError
英文:
Open a file and use dir() on the open file object. Remove the entries starting with _ as they are typically implementation details. If you only want callable methods use getattr to look up the attribute in the object and callable to see if it is a method. There will be slightly different lists depending on the mode the file is opened with.
>>> t = open('x.txt', 'w') # text mode>>> b = open('y.txt', 'wb') # binary mode>>> print('\n'.join(x for x in dir(t) if callable(getattr(t, x)) and not x.startswith('_')))closedetachfilenoflushisattyreadreadablereadlinereadlinesreconfigureseekseekabletelltruncatewritablewritewritelines>>> print('\n'.join(x for x in dir(b) if callable(getattr(b, x)) and not x.startswith('_')))closedetachfilenoflushisattyreadread1readablereadintoreadinto1readlinereadlinesseekseekabletelltruncatewritablewritewritelines
For errors, the following works:
>>> print('\n'.join(x for x in dir(__builtins__) if x.endswith('Error')))ArithmeticErrorAssertionErrorAttributeErrorBlockingIOErrorBrokenPipeErrorBufferErrorChildProcessErrorConnectionAbortedErrorConnectionErrorConnectionRefusedErrorConnectionResetErrorEOFErrorEnvironmentErrorFileExistsErrorFileNotFoundErrorFloatingPointErrorIOErrorImportErrorIndentationErrorIndexErrorInterruptedErrorIsADirectoryErrorKeyErrorLookupErrorMemoryErrorModuleNotFoundErrorNameErrorNotADirectoryErrorNotImplementedErrorOSErrorOverflowErrorPermissionErrorProcessLookupErrorRecursionErrorReferenceErrorRuntimeErrorSyntaxErrorSystemErrorTabErrorTimeoutErrorTypeErrorUnboundLocalErrorUnicodeDecodeErrorUnicodeEncodeErrorUnicodeErrorUnicodeTranslateErrorValueErrorWindowsErrorZeroDivisionError
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