英文:
The environment files in .production.env is not being picked up when running `docker compose --env-file ./production.env up`
问题
# 我试图做的事情
我尝试使用以下命令在 Docker 上构建我的项目：
`docker compose --env-file ./production.env up --build`。我想要在 Dockerfile 外部的一个单独文件中定义环境变量。我使用了 --env-file 标志 (https://docs.docker.com/compose/environment-variables/set-environment-variables/#substitute-with---env-file)。
在执行该命令后，Docker 没有报错并成功创建了容器。然而，**我的项目检测到环境变量缺失**并退出。
# 我的设置
我正在运行一个 Node 项目。
我的文件结构如下：
- docker-compose.yml
- Dockerfile
- production.env
- ...其他文件 (src 文件夹等)
我的 Dockerfile:
FROM node:16-alpine as development
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
COPY package*.json .
RUN npm install
COPY . .
RUN npm run build
FROM node:16-alpine as production
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
COPY package*.json .
RUN npm ci --only=production
COPY --from=development /usr/src/app/dist ./dist
CMD ["node", "dist/index.js"]
我的 docker-compose.yml:
version: "3.4";
services:
api:
build:
context: .
target: production
ports:
- 8888:8888
我的 Node 项目需要环境变量才能运行，如果没有检测到所有环境变量，它将抛出异常。这些环境变量存储在 production.env 文件中，以下是我的 production.env 文件的示例：
DB_URI=https://urihere.net
PASSWORD_KEY=somepw
英文:
what I am trying to do
I tried to build my project on docker using the command:
docker compose --env-file ./production.env up --build. I want to define the environment variables in a separate file outside Dockerfile. I used the --env-file flag (https://docs.docker.com/compose/environment-variables/set-environment-variables/#substitute-with---env-file).
After executing the command, Docker did not complain and managed to create the container. However, my project detects that the environment variables are missing and exits.
My setup
I am running a node project.
My file structure is
- docker-compose.yml
- Dockerfile
- production.env
- ...other files (src folder, etc)
My Dockerfile
FROM node:16-alpine as development
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
COPY package*.json .
RUN npm install
COPY . .
RUN npm run build
FROM node:16-alpine as production
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
COPY package*.json .
RUN npm ci --only=production
COPY --from=development /usr/src/app/dist ./dist
CMD ["node", "dist/index.js"]
My docker-compose.yml:
version: "3.4"
services:
api:
build:
context: .
target: production
ports:
- 8888:8888
My node project requires environment variables to run and will throw and exception if not all env variables are detected. These env vars are stored in production.env file and a sample of how my production.env file looks:
DB_URI=https://urihere.net
PASSWORD_KEY=somepw
答案1
得分: 1
你实际上没有将环境变量传递给容器。
一种选择是使用Compose env_file: 将整个环境变量文件传递给容器；在这种情况下，您不需要docker-compose --env-file选项。
services:
api:
env_file:
- production.env
docker-compose up --build -d # 没有 --env-file
另一种选择是保留--env-file选项，但使用environment: 选项将每个值传递给容器。
services:
api:
environment:
- DB_URI # 没有 `=value` 部分
- PASSWORD_KEY
docker-compose --env-file production.env up -d --build
Compose有两层环境变量。普通的Unix环境、.env文件和任何--env-file文件被用来创建一组可以用于docker-compose.yml文件中的变量替换的变量。但是，这些变量不会自动传递给各个容器的环境；只有environment: 和 env_file: 内容被使用（增补和覆盖镜像的ENV行）。
英文:
You're not actually passing the environment variables on to the container.
One option is to use Compose env_file: to pass the entire file of environment variables to the container; you would not need a docker-compose --env-file option in this case.
services:
api:
env_file:
- production.env
docker-compose up --build -d # no --env-file
A second is to keep the --env-file option, but to use an environment: option to pass along each of the values to the container.
services:
api:
environment:
- DB_URI # without an `=value` part
- PASSWORD_KEY
docker-compose --env-file production.env up -d --build
Compose has two layers of environment variables. The normal Unix environment, the .env file, and any --env-file files get used to create a set of variables that can be used for variable substitution in the docker-compose.yml file. However, these are not automatically passed on to individual containers' environments; only the environment: and env_file: contents are used (augmenting and overriding the images' ENV lines).
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