英文:
How to plot daily data against a 24 hour axis (00:00 - 23:59:59) while keeping the order of the custom sort of the time?
问题
由于您只需要翻译代码部分，以下是您提供的代码的翻译：
感谢 @Trenton McKinney，我知道如何在24小时坐标轴（00:00 - 23:59:59）上绘制每日数据[在这个问题中][1]。在以下数据集中，当我应用自定义排序**(custom_date_sorter函数)**时，图表不会按照custom_date_sorter函数中的顺序排列x轴。我希望x轴从12:00:00开始，结束于11:59:59。import randomimport pandas as pdimport numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport seaborn as snsimport matplotlib.ticker as tkrfrom datetime import time as dtimerandom.seed(0)df = pd.DataFrame({'DATE_TIME': pd.date_range('2022-11-01', '2022-11-06 23:00:00', freq='20min'),'ID': [random.randrange(1, 3) for n in range(430)]})df['VALUE1'] = [random.uniform(110, 160) for n in range(430)]df['VALUE2'] = [random.uniform(50, 80) for n in range(430)]df['INSPECTION'] = df['DATE_TIME'].dt.day# df['INSPECTION'] = df['INSPECTION'].replace(6, 1)# df['INSPECTION'] = df['INSPECTION'].replace(3, 1)df['MODE'] = np.select([df['INSPECTION'] == 1, df['INSPECTION'].isin([2, 3])], ['A', 'B'], 'C')df['TIME'] = df['DATE_TIME'].dt.timedf['TIME'] = df['TIME'].astype('str')df['TIMEINTERVAL'] = df.DATE_TIME.diff().astype('timedelta64[m]')df['TIMEINTERVAL'] = df['TIMEINTERVAL'].fillna(0)def to_day_period(s):bins = ['0', '06:00:00', '13:00:00', '18:00:00', '23:00:00', '24:00:00']labels = ['Nighttime', 'Daytime', 'Daytime', 'Nighttime', 'Nighttime']return pd.cut(pd.to_timedelta(s),bins=list(map(pd.Timedelta, bins)),labels=labels, right=False, ordered=False)df['TIME_OF_DAY'] = to_day_period(df['TIME'])# ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ sns plot ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++df = df[(df['ID'] == 1) & (df['INSPECTION'].isin([1, 2, 3]))]# +++++++++++++ CUSTOM SORTING +++++++++++++def custom_date_sorter(s):s = pd.to_datetime(s)return np.argsort(np.lexsort(展开收缩))df = df.sort_values(by='DATE_TIME', key=custom_date_sorter)# +++++++++++++ ++++++++++++ +++++++++++++sns.set_style('darkgrid')sns.set(rc={'figure.figsize':(14,8)})# 添加一个列来存储总秒数df['total_seconds'] = df.DATE_TIME.apply(lambda row: (row - row.replace(hour=0, minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)).total_seconds())# 遍历每个IDfor id_ in sorted(df.ID.unique()):# 选择给定id_的数据data = df[df.ID.eq(id_)]# 创建一个图形fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6)# 绘制数据ax = sns.lineplot(data=data, x='total_seconds', y='VALUE1', hue='INSPECTION', palette='viridis', legend='full')# 设置标题和标签ax.set(title=f'ID: {id_}', xlabel='TIME', ylabel='VALUE1')# 移动图例sns.move_legend(ax, bbox_to_anchor=(1.0, 0.5), loc='center left', frameon=False)# 限制x轴范围为一天的秒数ax.set_xlim(0, 24 * 3600)# 为一天中的每个小时创建标签，并添加一个额外的位置以匹配最后的刻度位置hours = [dtime(i).strftime('%H:%M') for i in range(24)] + ['']# 在每个小时创建xticksax.xaxis.set_major_locator(tkr.MultipleLocator(3600))# 设置刻度和相应的标签；剪切掉多余的起始和结束刻度以匹配标签ax.set_xticks(ticks=ax.get_xticks()[1:-1], labels=hours, rotation=90)# 移除轴线ax.spines[['top', 'right']].set_visible(False)plt.show()
我如何在绘制每日数据对抗24小时轴时实现自定义排序，使x轴从12:00:00开始，结束于11:59:59。请注意，数据应正确反映，即不同时移动数据的时间不会有帮助。
<details><summary>英文:</summary>Thanks to @Trenton McKinney, I know how to how to plot daily data against a 24 hour axis (00:00 - 23:59:59) [in this question][1]. In the following dataset, when I apply the custom sort **( custom_date_sorter function )**, the plot does not order the x-axis as in custom_date_sorter function. I want the x-axis o start at 12:00:00 to 00:00:00 and end at 11:59:59. :```pythonimport randomimport pandas as pdimport numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport seaborn as snsimport matplotlib.ticker as tkrfrom datetime import time as dtimerandom.seed(0)df = pd.DataFrame({'DATE_TIME': pd.date_range('2022-11-01', '2022-11-06 23:00:00', freq='20min'),'ID': [random.randrange(1, 3) for n in range(430)]})df['VALUE1'] = [random.uniform(110, 160) for n in range(430)]df['VALUE2'] = [random.uniform(50, 80) for n in range(430)]df['INSPECTION'] = df['DATE_TIME'].dt.day# df['INSPECTION'] = df['INSPECTION'].replace(6, 1)# df['INSPECTION'] = df['INSPECTION'].replace(3, 1)df['MODE'] = np.select([df['INSPECTION'] == 1, df['INSPECTION'].isin([2, 3])], ['A', 'B'], 'C')df['TIME'] = df['DATE_TIME'].dt.timedf['TIME'] = df['TIME'].astype('str')df['TIMEINTERVAL'] = df.DATE_TIME.diff().astype('timedelta64[m]')df['TIMEINTERVAL'] = df['TIMEINTERVAL'].fillna(0)def to_day_period(s):bins = ['0', '06:00:00', '13:00:00', '18:00:00', '23:00:00', '24:00:00']labels = ['Nighttime', 'Daytime', 'Daytime', 'Nighttime', 'Nighttime']return pd.cut(pd.to_timedelta(s),bins=list(map(pd.Timedelta, bins)),labels=labels, right=False, ordered=False)df['TIME_OF_DAY'] = to_day_period(df['TIME'])# ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ sns plot ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++df = df[(df['ID'] == 1) & (df['INSPECTION'].isin([1, 2, 3]))]# +++++++++++++ CUSTOM SORTING +++++++++++++def custom_date_sorter(s):s = pd.to_datetime(s)return np.argsort(np.lexsort(展开收缩))df = df.sort_values(by='DATE_TIME', key=custom_date_sorter)# +++++++++++++ ++++++++++++ +++++++++++++sns.set_style('darkgrid')sns.set(rc={'figure.figsize':(14,8)})# add a column for total secondsdf['total_seconds'] = df.DATE_TIME.apply(lambda row: (row - row.replace(hour=0, minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)).total_seconds())# iterate through each IDfor id_ in sorted(df.ID.unique()):# select the data for the given id_data = df[df.ID.eq(id_)]# create a figurefig = plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))# plot the dataax = sns.lineplot(data=data, x='total_seconds', y='VALUE1', hue='INSPECTION', palette='viridis', legend='full')# set the title and labelsax.set(title=f'ID: {id_}', xlabel='TIME', ylabel='VALUE1')# move the legendsns.move_legend(ax, bbox_to_anchor=(1.0, 0.5), loc='center left', frameon=False)# constrain the x-axis limits to the number of seconds in a dayax.set_xlim(0, 24 * 3600)# create labels for every hour in the day, and add an extra spot for the last tick positionhours = [dtime(i).strftime('%H:%M') for i in range(24)] + ['']# create xticks at every hourax.xaxis.set_major_locator(tkr.MultipleLocator(3600))# set the ticks and corresponding labels; cut off extra starting and ending ticks to match labelsax.set_xticks(ticks=ax.get_xticks()[1:-1], labels=hours, rotation=90)# remove spinesax.spines[['top', 'right']].set_visible(False)plt.show()
How can I implement custom sorting in plotting daily data against a 24 hour axis which is given above so that x-axis start at 12:00:00 and end at 11:59:59. Please note that data should be reflected correctly, I mean shifting the time without shifting data simultaneously would be not helpful.
答案1
得分: 0
代替DATE_TIME，我应该在使用自定义排序时使用TIME！因此，在以下代码之后添加这行代码：
def custom_time_sorter(s):s = pd.to_datetime(s)return np.argsort(np.lexsort(展开收缩))df = df.sort_values(by='TIME', key=custom_time_sorter)
之前的代码是：
df = df[(df['ID'] == 1) & (df['INSPECTION'].isin([1, 2, 3]))]
这样可以解决问题。
英文:
Instead of DATE_TIME, I should have used TIME when I use the custom sorting! So, adding this line:
def custom_time_sorter(s):s = pd.to_datetime(s)return np.argsort(np.lexsort(展开收缩))df = df.sort_values(by='TIME', key=custom_time_sorter)
after
df = df[(df['ID'] == 1) & (df['INSPECTION'].isin([1, 2, 3]))]
solves the issue.
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