英文:
I cant get my automation testcase to run past the "first" line
问题
我正在为我的工作创建一个自动化测试套件，但目前无法使其在第一行之后运行，即：
"driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("example");
我决定尝试使用谷歌看看是否能有所进展，以下是我最初开始的代码：
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class fgiLogin {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
System.setProperty("webDriver.chrome.driver",
"C:\\Users\\examplefolder\\Documents\\examplefolder\\chromedriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://google.com");
driver.manage().window().maximize();
Thread.sleep(5000);
driver.findElement(By.className("gLFyf")).sendKeys("fruit");
driver.findElement(By.name("ntnK")).click();
driver.close();
}
}
在将单词"fruit"输入到谷歌搜索栏后，测试就失败了。
这是我在IntelliJ中得到的错误信息：
SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
Starting ChromeDriver 110.0.5481.77 (65ed616c6e8ee3fe0ad64fe83796c020644d42af-refs/branch-heads/5481@{#839}) on port 10097
Only local connections are allowed.
Please see https://chromedriver.chromium.org/security-considerations for suggestions on keeping ChromeDriver safe.
ChromeDriver was started successfully.
[1677870261.213][WARNING]: virtual void DevToolsClientImpl::AddListener(DevToolsEventListener *) subscribing a listener to the already connected DevToolsClient. Connection notification will not arrive.
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"css selector","selector":"*[name='ntnK']"}
(Session info: chrome=110.0.5481.178)
For documentation on this error, please visit: https://selenium.dev/exceptions/#no_such_element
Build info: version: '4.8.1', revision: '8ebccac989'
System info: os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '19.0.2'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver
Command: [2937306020c9aa7bccf03e80ec05305a, findElement {using=name, value=ntnK}]
Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: false, browserName: chrome, browserVersion: 110.0.5481.178, chrome: {chromedriverVersion: 110.0.5481.77 (65ed616c6e8e..., userDataDir: C:\Users\ne1723\AppData\Loc...}, goog:chromeOptions: {debuggerAddress: localhost:50557}, networkConnectionEnabled: false, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platformName: WINDOWS, proxy: Proxy(), se:cdp: ws://localhost:50557/devtoo..., se:cdpVersion: 110.0.5481.178, setWindowRect: true, strictFileInteractability: false, timeouts: {implicit: 0, pageLoad: 300000, script: 30000}, unhandledPromptBehavior: dismiss and notify, webauthn:extension:credBlob: true, webauthn:extension:largeBlob: true, webauthn:virtualAuthenticators: true}
Session ID: 2937306020c9aa7bccf03e80ec05305a
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectConstructorHandleAccessor.newInstance(DirectConstructorHandleAccessor.java:67)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstanceWithCaller(Constructor.java:500)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:484)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.codec.w3c.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:200)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.codec.w3c.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:133)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.codec.w3c.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:53)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:184)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.invokeExecute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:167)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:142)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:543)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ElementLocation$ElementFinder$2.findElement(ElementLocation.java:162)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ElementLocation.findElement(ElementLocation.java:66)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:352)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:344)
at fgiLogin.main(fgiLogin.java:20)
Process finished with exit code 1
如何让代码能够在将键发送到搜索栏的初始行之后正常工作？
我尝试更改driver.get为id、classname、name等，我想要点击谷歌搜索按钮并关闭驱动程序，与预期相符。搜索栏将输入"fruit"，但自动化测试就会失败。
英文:
I'm creating an automated test suite for my job and currently I can't get it to run past the first line i.e
"driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("example");
I decided to try google to see if i could make any headway and this is the code i started out with
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class fgiLogin {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
System.setProperty("webDriver.chrome.driver",
"C:\\Users\\examplefolder\\Documents\\examplefolder\\chromedriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://google.com");
driver.manage().window().maximize();
Thread.sleep(5000);
driver.findElement(By.className("gLFyf")).sendKeys("fruit");
driver.findElement(By.name("ntnK")).click();
driver.close();
}
}
After the word fruit is placed into the google search bar thats where the test is failing.
this is the error set i get in intellij
SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
Starting ChromeDriver 110.0.5481.77 (65ed616c6e8ee3fe0ad64fe83796c020644d42af-refs/branch-heads/5481@{#839}) on port 10097
Only local connections are allowed.
Please see https://chromedriver.chromium.org/security-considerations for suggestions on keeping ChromeDriver safe.
ChromeDriver was started successfully.
[1677870261.213][WARNING]: virtual void DevToolsClientImpl::AddListener(DevToolsEventListener *) subscribing a listener to the already connected DevToolsClient. Connection notification will not arrive.
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"css selector","selector":"*[name='ntnK']"}
(Session info: chrome=110.0.5481.178)
For documentation on this error, please visit: https://selenium.dev/exceptions/#no_such_element
Build info: version: '4.8.1', revision: '8ebccac989'
System info: os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '19.0.2'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver
Command: [2937306020c9aa7bccf03e80ec05305a, findElement {using=name, value=ntnK}]
Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: false, browserName: chrome, browserVersion: 110.0.5481.178, chrome: {chromedriverVersion: 110.0.5481.77 (65ed616c6e8e..., userDataDir: C:\Users\ne1723\AppData\Loc...}, goog:chromeOptions: {debuggerAddress: localhost:50557}, networkConnectionEnabled: false, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platformName: WINDOWS, proxy: Proxy(), se:cdp: ws://localhost:50557/devtoo..., se:cdpVersion: 110.0.5481.178, setWindowRect: true, strictFileInteractability: false, timeouts: {implicit: 0, pageLoad: 300000, script: 30000}, unhandledPromptBehavior: dismiss and notify, webauthn:extension:credBlob: true, webauthn:extension:largeBlob: true, webauthn:virtualAuthenticators: true}
Session ID: 2937306020c9aa7bccf03e80ec05305a
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectConstructorHandleAccessor.newInstance(DirectConstructorHandleAccessor.java:67)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstanceWithCaller(Constructor.java:500)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:484)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.codec.w3c.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:200)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.codec.w3c.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:133)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.codec.w3c.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:53)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:184)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.invokeExecute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:167)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:142)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:543)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ElementLocation$ElementFinder$2.findElement(ElementLocation.java:162)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ElementLocation.findElement(ElementLocation.java:66)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:352)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:344)
at fgiLogin.main(fgiLogin.java:20)
Process finished with exit code 1
How can i get the code to work past the initial line of sending the keys to the search bar?
Tried to change the driver.get to id, classname, name, and etc. I want the google search button to click and the driver to close as expected. The search bar will enter fruit and the automation breaks.
答案1
得分: 0
一旦通过`get()`方法调用URL，然后立即尝试在`username`字段中调用`sendKeys()`方法，`username`字段可能尚未完全[渲染](https://stackoverflow.com/a/47237075/7429447)。
解决方案
--------
理想情况下，在`Username`字段中发送字符序列，您需要使用[WebDriverWait](https://stackoverflow.com/a/48990165/7429447)来等待[_elementToBeClickable()_](https://stackoverflow.com/a/63301869/7429447)，并且可以使用以下任一[_定位策略_](https://stackoverflow.com/a/48056120/7429447)：
- 使用_id_：
```java
new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10)).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("username"))).sendKeys("jetswept");
-
使用_cssSelector_：
new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10)).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector("#username"))).sendKeys("jetswept"); -
使用_xpath_：
new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10)).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//*[@id='username']"))).sendKeys("jetswept");
<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
Once you invoke an url through _`get()`_ and then immediately try to invoke _`sendKeys()`_ within the _username_ field, the _username_ field may not have completely [rendered](https://stackoverflow.com/a/47237075/7429447).
----------
Solution
--------
Ideally, to send a character sequence within an _Username_ field you need to induce [WebDriverWait](https://stackoverflow.com/a/48990165/7429447) for the [_elementToBeClickable()_](https://stackoverflow.com/a/63301869/7429447) and you can use either of the following [_locator strategies_](https://stackoverflow.com/a/48056120/7429447):
- Using _id_:
new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10)).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("username"))).sendKeys("jetswept");
- Using _cssSelector_:
new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10)).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector("#username"))).sendKeys("jetswept");
- Using _xpath_:
new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10)).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//*[@id='username']"))).sendKeys("jetswept");
</details>
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