问题

以下是代码的部分翻译：

我正在查看12个子区域的滞留数据。我有一个条形图，显示每个子区域的滞留总数，我想在图中添加点和一条线，使用每个75公里长子区域的滞留率（kmrate）。

> dfo_sba2_noNA
   Subarea  Quantity kmrate
   <fct>      <int>  <dbl>
 1   1         96     1.28  
 2   2         431    5.75  
 3   3         118    1.57  
 4   4         469    6.25  
 5   5          1     0.0133
 6   6          20    0.267 
 7   7         313    4.17  
 8   8         252    3.36  
 9   9          14    0.187 
10  10        118    1.57  
11  11          7    0.0933
12  12         21    0.28

以下是代码的部分翻译：

使用以下代码，我得到以下图表，但点和线不正确。

[![在此输入图像描述][1]][1]

```R
p_sba2 <- ggplot(dfo_sba2_noNA, aes(x=Subarea, y=Quantity)) + 
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", position="dodge") +
  labs(x = "Subarea", y = "Number of observations") +
  geom_point(aes(kmrate, color = "red", group = Subarea)) +
  geom_line(aes(x=as.numeric(Subarea), y=kmrate),stat="identity",color="red")+
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 1600, 200),sec.axis=sec_axis(~./75),
                     name="Stranding rate (per km)")+
  theme(
    panel.grid.major.y = element_line(colour = "white"),
    legend.background = element_rect(),
    legend.text = element_text(size=10),
    legend.title = element_text(size=10),
    panel.border = element_rect(colour="black", fill="NA"),
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
    panel.background = element_rect(fill = "white"),
    axis.title = element_text(size=10),
    axis.text = element_text(size=10)
  )
p_sba2

如何添加一个更好刻度的第二个轴？如何在条形图上方添加点和线？我希望我的图表看起来像这样，每个条形的滞留率：

我知道我的问题与该平台上的其他问题类似，但似乎没有一个解决方案适用于我。


<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>

I am looking at stranding data in 12 subareas. I have a barplot with the total number of strandings per subarea and I would like to add dots and a line to the plot unisg the stranding rate per kilometre (kmrate) in each 75 km long subarea.

> dfo_sba2_noNA
Subarea Quantity kmrate
<fct> <int> <dbl>
1 1 96 1.28
2 2 431 5.75
3 3 118 1.57
4 4 469 6.25
5 5 1 0.0133
6 6 20 0.267
7 7 313 4.17
8 8 252 3.36
9 9 14 0.187
10 10 118 1.57
11 11 7 0.0933
12 12 21 0.28


With the following code I get the following graph, but the dots and line are not right.

[![enter image description here][1]][1]

p_sba2 <- ggplot(dfo_sba2_noNA, aes(x=Subarea, y=Quantity)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", position="dodge") +
labs(x = "Subarea", y = "Number of observations") +
geom_point(aes(kmrate, color = "red", group = Subarea)) +
geom_line(aes(x=as.numeric(Subarea), y=kmrate),stat="identity",color="red")+
scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 1600, 200),sec.axis=sec_axis(~./75),
name="Stranding rate (per km)")+
theme(
panel.grid.major.y = element_line(colour = "white"),
legend.background = element_rect(),
legend.text = element_text(size=10),
legend.title = element_text(size=10),
panel.border = element_rect(colour="black", fill="NA"),
panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
panel.background = element_rect(fill = "white"),
axis.title = element_text(size=10),
axis.text = element_text(size=10)
)
p_sba2

How can I add a second axis with a better scale? And how do I add the dots and lines on top of the barplot?
I&#39;d like my plot to look something like this, with a stranding rater per bar: 

[![enter image description here][2]][2]

I know my question is similar to others on this platform, but none of the solutions seem to work for me.


  [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/jpmxV.png
  [2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/TKv5n.png

</details>


# 答案1
**得分**: 0

在处理`ggplot2`中的次要轴时，经常出现的情况是您忽略了对数据的缩放。在下面的我的代码中，我使用`scales::rescale`来首先缩放您的`kmrate`变量，并在`sec_axis`中应用反向“转换”。

```R
library(ggplot2)
library(scales)

to <- c(0, max(dfo_sba2_noNA$Quantity) / 2) # 缩放到最大列高度的50%
from <- c(0, max(dfo_sba2_noNA$kmrate))

dfo_sba2_noNA$kmrate <- scales::rescale(dfo_sba2_noNA$kmrate, from = from, to = to)

ggplot(dfo_sba2_noNA, aes(x = Subarea, y = Quantity)) +
  geom_col() +
  geom_point(aes(y = kmrate), color = "red") +
  geom_line(aes(x = Subarea, y = kmrate), color = "red") +
  scale_y_continuous(
    breaks = seq(0, 1600, 200),
    sec.axis = sec_axis(~ scales::rescale(.x, to = from, from = to),
      name = "每公里搁浅率"
    )
  ) +
  theme(
    panel.grid.major.y = element_line(colour = "white"),
    legend.background = element_rect(),
    legend.text = element_text(size = 10),
    legend.title = element_text(size = 10),
    panel.border = element_rect(colour = "black", fill = "NA"),
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
    panel.background = element_rect(fill = "white"),
    axis.title = element_text(size = 10),
    axis.text = element_text(size = 10)
  ) +
  labs(x = "子区域", y = "观测次数")

数据

dfo_sba2_noNA <- structure(list(Subarea = 1:12, Quantity = c(
  96L, 431L, 118L,
  469L, 1L, 20L, 313L, 252L, 14L, 118L, 7L, 21L
), kmrate = c(
  1.28,
  5.75, 1.57, 6.25, 0.0133, 0.267, 4.17, 3.36, 0.187, 1.57, 0.0933,
  0.28
)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(
  "1", "2", "3", "4",
  "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12"
))

英文:

As is quite often the case when dealing with secondary axes in ggplot2 you missed to scale your data. In my code below I use scales::rescale to first scale your kmrate variable and applying the inverse "transformation" inside sec_axis.

library(ggplot2)
library(scales)

to &lt;- c(0, max(dfo_sba2_noNA$Quantity) / 2) # Scale to 50% of max column height
from &lt;- c(0, max(dfo_sba2_noNA$kmrate))

dfo_sba2_noNA$kmrate &lt;- scales::rescale(dfo_sba2_noNA$kmrate, from = from, to = to)

ggplot(dfo_sba2_noNA, aes(x = Subarea, y = Quantity)) +
  geom_col() +
  geom_point(aes(y = kmrate), color = &quot;red&quot;) +
  geom_line(aes(x = Subarea, y = kmrate), color = &quot;red&quot;) +
  scale_y_continuous(
    breaks = seq(0, 1600, 200),
    sec.axis = sec_axis(~ scales::rescale(.x, to = from, from = to),
      name = &quot;Stranding rate (per km)&quot;
    )
  ) +
  theme(
    panel.grid.major.y = element_line(colour = &quot;white&quot;),
    legend.background = element_rect(),
    legend.text = element_text(size = 10),
    legend.title = element_text(size = 10),
    panel.border = element_rect(colour = &quot;black&quot;, fill = &quot;NA&quot;),
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
    panel.background = element_rect(fill = &quot;white&quot;),
    axis.title = element_text(size = 10),
    axis.text = element_text(size = 10)
  ) +
  labs(x = &quot;Subarea&quot;, y = &quot;Number of observations&quot;)

DATA

dfo_sba2_noNA &lt;- structure(list(Subarea = 1:12, Quantity = c(
  96L, 431L, 118L,
  469L, 1L, 20L, 313L, 252L, 14L, 118L, 7L, 21L
), kmrate = c(
  1.28,
  5.75, 1.57, 6.25, 0.0133, 0.267, 4.17, 3.36, 0.187, 1.57, 0.0933,
  0.28
)), class = &quot;data.frame&quot;, row.names = c(
  &quot;1&quot;, &quot;2&quot;, &quot;3&quot;, &quot;4&quot;,
  &quot;5&quot;, &quot;6&quot;, &quot;7&quot;, &quot;8&quot;, &quot;9&quot;, &quot;10&quot;, &quot;11&quot;, &quot;12&quot;
))

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