英文:
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "xpath") not working
问题
我正在尝试学习如何在Python中使用Selenium，但我遇到了一个问题，阻止我继续进行下去。
正如你可能知道的，Selenium的先前版本与最新版本相比具有不同的语法，我已经尝试了一切来使用我的代码填写表单，但什么都没有发生。我正在尝试从[https://demo.seleniumeasy.com/basic-first-form-demo.html]中找到XPATH元素，但无论我做什么，都无法将我的消息输入到消息字段中。
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service as ChromeService
import time
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
options.add_experimental_option("useAutomationExtension", False)
service = ChromeService(executable_path="C:/Users/SnappFood/.cache/selenium/chromedriver/win32/110.0.5481.77/chromedriver.exe")
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.maximize_window()
driver.get("https://demo.seleniumeasy.com/basic-first-form-demo.html")
time.sleep(1000)
message_field = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="user-message"]')
message_field.send_keys("Hello World")
show_message_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="get-input"]/button')
show_message_button.click()
通过这段代码，我期望填写表单中的消息字段，并单击"SHOW MESSAGE"按钮以打印我的输入文本，但发生的情况是，我的代码只是打开了一个带有空字段的新Chrome网页。
我必须提到，PyCharm没有报错，代码运行时也没有出现错误。
如果你能帮助我理解我做错了什么，我将不胜感激。
英文:
I am trying to learn Selenium in Python and I have faced a problem which stopped me from processing.
As you might know, previous versions of Selenium have different syntax comparing the latest one, and I have tried everything to fill the form with my code but nothing happens. I am trying to find XPATH element from [https://demo.seleniumeasy.com/basic-first-form-demo.html] but whatever I do, I cannot type my message into the message field.
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service as ChromeService
import time
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
options.add_experimental_option("useAutomationExtension", False)
service = ChromeService(executable_path="C:/Users/SnappFood/.cache/selenium/chromedriver/win32/110.0.5481.77/chromedriver.exe")
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.maximize_window()
driver.get("https://demo.seleniumeasy.com/basic-first-form-demo.html")
time.sleep(1000)
message_field = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*[@id="user-message"]')
message_field.send_keys("Hello World")
show_message_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*[@id="get-input"]/button')
show_message_button.click()
By this code, I expect to fill the message field in the form and click the "SHOW MESSAGE" button to print my typed text, but what happens is that my code only opens a new Chrome webpage with empty field.
I have to mention that I don't get any errors by PyCharm and the code runs with no errors.
I would really appreciate if you help me through this to understand what I am doing wrong.
答案1
得分: 0
使用这个 xpath 会选择两个元素 //*[@id="user-message"]，你需要让它变得唯一。尝试下面的 xpath，它会按预期工作。
message_field = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//input[@id="user-message"]')
浏览器快照：
英文:
with this xpath you have two elements //*[@id="user-message"] . you need to make it unique. Try below xpath this will work as expected.
message_field = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//input[@id="user-message"]')
browser snapshot:
答案2
得分: 0
你需要等待页面正确加载。
为此，最佳方法是使用WebDriverWait：
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.maximize_window()
driver.get("https://demo.seleniumeasy.com/basic-first-form-demo.html")
# 等待页面加载
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
wait.until(lambda driver: driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="user-message"]'))
message_field = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="user-message"]')
message_field.send_keys("Hello World")
show_message_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="get-input"]/button')
show_message_button.click()
经过测试，它正常工作。
如果您知道加载时间，也可以使用time.sleep()等待加载：
import time
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.maximize_window()
driver.get("https://demo.seleniumeasy.com/basic-first-form-demo.html")
time.sleep(5)
message_field = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="user-message"]')
message_field.send_keys("Hello World")
time.sleep(5)
show_message_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="get-input"]/button')
show_message_button.click()
time.sleep(5)
英文:
You need to wait for the page loads correctly.
For this, the best approach is using WebDriverWait:
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.maximize_window()
driver.get("https://demo.seleniumeasy.com/basic-first-form-demo.html")
# Wait for the page to load
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
wait.until(lambda driver: driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="user-message"]'))
message_field = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*[@id="user-message"]')
message_field.send_keys("Hello World")
show_message_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*[@id="get-input"]/button')
show_message_button.click()
Tested, it works fine.
Also you can use time.sleep() to wait the load if you know the loading times:
import time
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.maximize_window()
driver.get("https://demo.seleniumeasy.com/basic-first-form-demo.html")
time.sleep(5)
message_field = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*[@id="user-message"]')
message_field.send_keys("Hello World")
time.sleep(5)
show_message_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*[@id="get-input"]/button')
show_message_button.click()
time.sleep(5)
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