Sorting an array by their ascending value within the array in JS

It's a bit of a tricky situation I'm in, but I have an array like this:

const nums = [32, -3, 62, 8, 121, -231, 62, 13];

and need to replace them by their corresponding ascending index. The above example should yield:

[4, 1, 5, 2, 7, 0, 6, 3]

The solution I've come up with is this: TS Playground

const nums = [32, -3, 62, 8, 121, -231, 62, 13];
const numsCopy = nums.map(e => e);
// Basic sorting
for (let i = 0; i < numsCopy.length; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < numsCopy.length; j++) {
if (numsCopy[i] < numsCopy[j]) {
let t = numsCopy[j];
numsCopy[j] = numsCopy[i];
numsCopy[i] = t;
}
}
}
for (let i = 0; i < numsCopy.length; i++) {
let sortedValue = numsCopy[i];
nums[nums.indexOf(sortedValue)] = i;
}

Problems arise however when I change nums to include a value nums.length > n >= 0. The call nums.indexOf(...) may return a faulty result, as it may have already sorted an index, even though it exists somewhere in the array.

If you replace nums with these values, -231 will have an index of 2 for some reason...

const nums = [32, -3, 62, 7, 121, -231, 62, 13, 0];
> [5, 1, 6, 3, 8, 2, 7, 4, 0]

Is there a better approach to this problem, or a fix to my solution?

You could sort the indices by the value and create a new array with index values a sorted positions.

to get the wanted result call the sorting function again and you get the indices sorted by the index order.

<!-- begin snippet: js hide: false console: true babel: false -->
<!-- language: lang-js -->
const
sort = array => [...array.keys()].sort((a, b) => array[a] - array[b]),
fn = array => sort(sort(array));

console.log(...fn([32, -3, 62, 8, 121, -231, 62, 13])); // 4 1 5 2 7 0 6 3
console.log(...fn([-1, 3, 1, 0, 2, 9, -2, 7])); // 1 5 3 2 4 7 0 6

<!-- end snippet -->

Copy the array, sort its values, get indexOf, and null the value in the sorted copy:

<!-- begin snippet: js hide: false console: true babel: false -->

<!-- language: lang-js -->

const sortIndicesByValue = array => {
const sorted = [...array].sort((a, b) => a - b);
return array.map(e => {
const i = sorted.indexOf(e);
sorted[i] = null;
return i;
})
}
console.log(...sortIndicesByValue([32, -3, 62, 8, 121, -231, 62, 13]));
console.log(...sortIndicesByValue([-1, 3, 0, 0, 2, 9, -2, 7]));

<!-- end snippet -->