Missing value handling with imputation in a nested resampling procedure such that there is no information bleed from train to test

I am looking through the documentation for the nested resampling procedure in the mlr3tuning package and I do not see any way that the package can handle NA values such that any information bleed between the training and hold-out sets is avoided, which would result in overly optimistic performance stats. I would ideally like a way to split my data in a nested resampling procedure such that:

full_data = N

train = N - holdout

test = holdout

Then I could perform an imputation on the train and test datasets separately and then run the model on train, predict on test and then select new holdouts and train from the full dataset, run the imputation on them separately and train, predict, repeat for the number of outer_loops.

Is there a way of doing this? Am I missing something obvious?

mlr3 handles all of this for you if you use pipelines (see the relevant part of the mlr3 book). If you make imputation part of such a pipeline, it makes sure to train/test appropriately, just like for the model itself.

Briefly as an explanation, just like with the machine learning model you don't want to do any adjustments based on the test set; in particular you shouldn't impute based on test data. This will cause similar problems as doing this with a model, i.e. biased evaluation results that may not be representative of the true generalization error.