Is there a way to find rows of a certain value based on the previous row?

I'm trying to search in a table rows that have a certain value but the previous row has to include specific values as well. Ex.

I would just want to select on IDs that have 'C' status in column 2 when the status immediately before is 'T'.

Is it possible to do this?

From Oracle 12, you can use MATCH_RECOGNIZE:

SELECT id, column1, column2
FROM   table_name
MATCH_RECOGNIZE (
  PARTITION BY id
  ORDER     BY something_that_orders_the_rows
  ALL ROWS PER MATCH
  PATTERN ( {- status_t -} status_c)
  DEFINE
    status_t AS column1 = 'T',
    status_c AS column1 = 'C'
);

or, in earlier versions, you can use the LAG analytic function:

SELECT id, column1, column2
FROM   (
  SELECT id, column1, column2,
         LAG(column1) OVER (PARTITION BY id ORDER BY something_that_orders_the_rows) AS prev_c1
  FROM   table_name t
)
WHERE  column1 = 'C'
AND    prev_c1 = 'T';

Which, for the sample data:

CREATE TABLE table_name (ID, column1, column2, something_that_orders_the_rows) AS
SELECT 1, 'S', 'Date', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 1, 'T', 'Date', 2 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 1, 'J', 'Date', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 1, 'C', 'Date', 4 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'D', 'Date', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'Q', 'Date', 2 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'L', 'Date', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'J', 'Date', 4 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'C', 'Date', 5 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 'L', 'Date', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 'T', 'Date', 2 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 'T', 'Date', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 'C', 'Date', 4 FROM DUAL;

Both output:

fiddle