如何从另一个模块调用的方法传递参数？

huangapple
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英文:

How to pass arguments to a method called from another module?

问题

使用模块B时，我想从模块A调用方法merge_input_data()，将当前B实例中的参数（self.input_1, self.input_2, self.input_3）传递给A中的方法，并执行带有这些参数的merge_input_data()功能。然而，我一直得到以下错误：

> All objects passed were None

我想问一下是否有一种方法可以调用其他模块/类的方法，而不必显式列出它们所有要传递的参数，例如 merge_input_data(self.input_1, self.input_2, self.input_3)？这是因为模块A中的方法通常只接受self作为参数，因为它在A的实例中提供，但我想从另一个模块B中访问它。谢谢！

可以通过以下方式在模块B中调用模块A的方法merge_input_data()并传递参数，而无需显式列出它们：

  1. # 在模块B中导入模块A中的Transaction类
  2. from A import Transaction
  4. # 创建Transaction类的实例
  5. collection = Transaction()
  7. class TestTransaction(object):
  9.     def __init__(self, path):
  10.         # 初始化TestTransaction实例
  11.         self.path = path
  12.         self.input_1 = None
  13.         self.input_2 = None
  14.         self.input_3 = None
  15.         self.input_merged = None
  16.         self.output = None
  18.     def import_test_input_data(self):
  19.         # 在这里调用模块A的方法import_input_data_x，并传递相应参数
  20.         self.input_1 = collection.import_input_data_1()
  21.         self.input_2 = collection.import_input_data_2()
  22.         self.input_3 = collection.import_input_data_3()
  24.     def test_merge_input_data(self):
  25.         # 在这里调用模块A的方法merge_input_data
  26.         collection.merge_input_data()
  28.     def main(self):
  29.         # 在main方法中调用import_test_input_data和test_merge_input_data
  30.         self.import_test_input_data()
  31.         self.test_merge_input_data()

这种方式允许您在模块B中调用模块A的方法，并使用模块A实例的方法来处理相应的参数，而无需显式传递它们。

英文:

I have the following two modules (simplified):

  1. # Module A
  2. class Transaction:
  4.     def __init__(self, path, ):
  6.         self.logger = logging.getLogger("Transaction")
  8.         logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
  9.         self.path = path
  10.         self.input_1 = None
  11.         self.input_2 = None
  12.         self.input_3 = None
  13.         self.input_merged = None
  14.         self.output = None
  16.     def import_input_data_1(self):
  17.         self.input_1 = pd.read_excel(
  18.             self.path
  19.             + country.__data_paths__["collection"]["input"]["transaction"][
  20.                 "fy2"
  21.             ],
  22.             index_col=False,
  23.             engine="openpyxl",
  24.             dtype=object,
  25.         )
  26.         return self.input_1
  28.     def import_input_data_2(self):
  29.         self.input_2 = pd.read_excel(
  30.             self.path
  31.             + country.__data_paths__["collection"]["input"]["transaction"][
  32.                 "fy1"
  33.             ],
  34.             index_col=False,
  35.             engine="openpyxl",
  36.             dtype=object,
  37.         )
  38.         return self.input_2
  40.     def import_input_data_3(self):
  41.         self.input_3 = pd.read_excel(
  42.             self.path
  43.             + country.__data_paths__["collection"]["input"]["transaction"][
  44.                 "fy"
  45.             ],
  46.             index_col=False,
  47.             engine="openpyxl",
  48.             dtype=object,
  49.         )
  50.         return self.input_3
  52.     def merge_input_data(self):
  53.         self.input_merged = pd.concat(
  54.             [self.input_1, self.input_2, self.input_3]
  55.         )
  56.         return self.input_merged
  58.     def main(self):
  59.         self.logger.info("Loading input data 1")
  60.         self.input_1 = self.import_input_data_1()
  62.         self.logger.info("Loading input data 2")
  63.         self.input_2 = self.import_input_data_2()
  65.         self.logger.info("Loading input data 3")
  66.         self.input_3 = self.import_input_data_3()
  68.         self.logger.info("Merging input data")
  69.         self.input_merged = self.merge_input_data()
  1. # Module B
  2. from A import Transaction
  3. collection = Transaction()
  5. class TestTransaction(object):
  7.     def __init__(self, path):
  9.         logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
  10.         self.path = path
  11.         self.input_1 = None
  12.         self.input_2 = None
  13.         self.input_3 = None
  14.         self.input_merged = None
  15.         self.output = None
  17.     def import_test_input_data(self):
  18.         self.input_1 = pd.read_excel(
  19.             self.path
  20.             + test.__data_paths__["collection"]["test"]["input"][
  21.                 "fy2"
  22.             ],
  23.             index_col=False,
  24.             engine="openpyxl",
  25.             dtype=object,
  26.         )
  28.         self.input_2 = pd.read_excel(
  29.             self.path
  30.             + test.__data_paths__["collection"]["test"]["input"][
  31.                 "fy1"
  32.             ],
  33.             index_col=False,
  34.             engine="openpyxl",
  35.             dtype=object,
  36.         )
  38.         self.input_3 = pd.read_excel(
  39.             self.path
  40.             + test.__data_paths__["collection"]["test"]["input"][
  41.                 "fy"
  42.             ],
  43.             index_col=False,
  44.             engine="openpyxl",
  45.             dtype=object,
  46.         )
  48.         return self.input_1, self.input_2, self.input_3
  50.     def test_merge_input_data(self) -> None:
  51.         collection.merge_input_data()
  53. def main(self):
  55.         self.input_1, self.input_2, self.input_3 = self.import_test_input_data()
  57.         self.input_1, self.input_2, self.input_3 = self.merge_input_data()

Using module B, I want to call the method merge_input_data() from module A, pass arguments from my current instance in B (self.input_1, self.input_2, self.input_3) to the method in A and execute the functionality of merge_input_data() with these arguments. However, I keep getting the error:

> All objects passed were None

I want to ask if there is a way to call methods from other modules / classes without them having all to-be-passed arguments explicitly listed, e.g. merge_input_data(self.input_1, self.input_2, self.input_3)? This is because the method from module A usually only takes self as an argument due to it being provided in the instance of A itself, but I want to access it from another module B. Thanks!

答案1

得分: 2

你可以使用 @staticmethod 来创建属于类的函数，这些函数不需要类的属性。

例如：

  1. # 模块 A
  2. class Collection:
  3.     def _merge_input_data(self):
  4.         self.input_merged = self.merge_input_data(self.input_1, self.input_2, self.input_3)
  6.     @staticmethod
  7.     def merge_input_data(*args):
  8.         return pd.concat(list(args))
  10. # 模块 B
  12. from 模块A import Collection
  14. class Testing:
  15.     def test_merge_input_data(self):
  16.         result = Collection.merge_input_data(FIRST, SECOND, THIRD, ...)

我已经添加了函数 Collection._merge_input_data，它可以用于类的实例。但是你没有提供所有的代码，所以我不确定你是否从你的类中使用了这个函数。

另外，在模块 B 中，你应该提供一个输入列表来进行合并。

英文:

You can use @staticmethod to create function belonging to a class which do not need the attributes of a class.

For example:

  1. # Module A
  2. class Collection:
  3.     def _merge_input_data(self):
  4.         self.input_merged = self.merge_input_data(self.input_1, self.input_2, self.input_3)
  6.     @staticmethod
  7.     def merge_input_data(*args):
  8.         return pd.concat(list(args))
  10. # Module B
  12. from Module A import Collection
  14. class Testing:
  15.     def test_merge_input_data(self):
  16.         result = Collection.merge_input_data(FIRST, SECOND, THIRD, ...)

I have add the function Collection._merge_input_data which can be used for an instance of the class. But you did not provide all the code so I am not sure of you used this function from your class or not.

Also in module B you should provide a list with inputs to merge.

答案2

得分: 1

看起来你想要用测试数据替换真实的数据，这是class Transaction在其import_input_data_x()方法中收集的数据。

看起来你已经在测试类中的import_test_input_data()方法中准备好了这些数据。

你应该使用这些数据：

  1. def test_merge_input_data(self) -> None:
  2.     self.import_test_input_data()
  3.     collection.input_1 = self.input_1
  4.     collection.input_2 = self.input_2
  5.     collection.input_3 = self.input_3
  6.     collection.merge_input_data()
英文:

It looks like you are wanting to substitute test data for the actual data that the real class Transaction: collects in its import_input_data_x() methods.

Its looks like you've prepared this data in import_test_input_data() in your test class.

You should use this data:

  1. def test_merge_input_data(self) -> None:
  2.     self.import_test_input_data():
  3.     collection.input_1 = self.input_1
  4.     collection.input_2 = self.input_2
  5.     collection.input_3 = self.input_3
  6.     collection.merge_input_data()

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2023年1月9日 19:54:45
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接：https://go.coder-hub.com/75056901.html
  • arguments
  • methods
  • module
  • oop
  • python
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