英文:
How to 'check' a value in a radio button by default in Django?
问题
我编写了一个模型表单。我使用了小部件来创建单选按钮，我希望在呈现表单时默认选中特定的单选按钮，以在我的HTML文件中呈现表单。
模型：
class Room(models.Model):class Meta:number = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()CATEGORIES = (('Regular', 'Regular'),('Executive', 'Executive'),('Deluxe', 'Deluxe'),)category = models.CharField(max_length=9, choices=CATEGORIES, default='Regular')CAPACITY = ((1, '1'),(2, '2'),(3, '3'),(4, '4'),)capacity = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(choices=CAPACITY, default=2)advance = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=10)manager = models.CharField(max_length=30)
以下是基于上述模型的模型表单。
表单：
class AddRoomForm(forms.ModelForm):ROOM_CATEGORIES = (('Regular', 'Regular'),('Executive', 'Executive'),('Deluxe', 'Deluxe'),)category = forms.CharField(max_length=9,widget=forms.RadioSelect(choices=ROOM_CATEGORIES),initial='Regular' # 设置默认选中的单选按钮)ROOM_CAPACITY = ((1, '1'),(2, '2'),(3, '3'),(4, '4'),)capacity = forms.CharField(max_length=9,widget=forms.RadioSelect(choices=ROOM_CAPACITY),initial=2 # 设置默认选中的单选按钮)class Meta:model = Roomfields = ['number', 'category', 'capacity', 'advance']
这是视图：
def add_room(request):if request.method == 'POST':form = AddRoomForm(request.POST)if form.is_valid():room = Room(number=request.POST['number'],category=request.POST['category'],capacity=request.POST['capacity'],advance=request.POST['advance'],manager=request.user.username)room.save()# 实现Post/Redirect/Get。return redirect('../rooms/')else:context = {'form': form,'username': request.user.username}return render(request, 'add_room.html', context)context = {'form': AddRoomForm(),'username': request.user.username}return render(request, 'add_room.html', context)
我在HTML文件中这样呈现表单：
<form method="POST">{% csrf_token %}{{ form.as_p }}<input type="submit" class="submit submit-right" value="Add" /></form>
我在views.py文件中使用'initial'关键字来设置默认选中的单选按钮。上面的代码中，我已经为“category”和“capacity”字段设置了默认值，以便在呈现表单时默认选中这些选项。
英文:
I wrote a model form. I used widgets to make radio buttons and I want a particular radio button to be checked by default while rendering the form in my html file.
Model:
class Room(models.Model):class Meta:number = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()CATEGORIES = (('Regular', 'Regular'),('Executive', 'Executive'),('Deluxe', 'Deluxe'),)category = models.CharField(max_length=9, choices=CATEGORIES, default='Regular')CAPACITY = ((1, '1'),(2, '2'),(3, '3'),(4, '4'),)capacity = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(choices=CAPACITY, default=2)advance = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=10)manager = models.CharField(max_length=30)
The following is my model form based on the above model.
Form:
class AddRoomForm(forms.ModelForm):ROOM_CATEGORIES = (('Regular', 'Regular'),('Executive', 'Executive'),('Deluxe', 'Deluxe'),)category = forms.CharField(max_length=9,widget=forms.RadioSelect(choices=ROOM_CATEGORIES),)ROOM_CAPACITY = ((1, '1'),(2, '2'),(3, '3'),(4, '4'),)capacity = forms.CharField(max_length=9,widget=forms.RadioSelect(choices=ROOM_CAPACITY),)class Meta:model = Roomfields = ['number', 'category', 'capacity', 'advance']
Here is the views:
def add_room(request):if request. Method == 'POST':form = AddRoomForm(request.POST)if form.is_valid():room = Room(number=request.POST['number'],category=request.POST['category'],capacity=request.POST['capacity'],advance=request.POST['advance'],manager=request.user.username)room.save()# Implemented Post/Redirect/Get.return redirect('../rooms/')else:context = {'form': form,'username': request.user.username}return render(request, 'add_room.html', context)context = {'form': AddRoomForm(),'username': request.user.username}return render(request, 'add_room.html', context)
I rendered the form like this in my html file.
<form method="POST">{% csrf_token %}{{ form.as_p }}<input type="submit" class= "submit submit-right" value="Add" /></form>
I read somewhere that I can use 'initial' keyword in my views.py file but I don't understand how can I use it. Can someone please help me with it?
答案1
得分: 0
通过覆盖字段，您会失去与底层模型字段的绑定。只需指定小部件：
class AddRoomForm(forms.ModelForm):class Meta:model = Roomfields = ['number', 'category', 'capacity', 'advance']widgets = {'category': forms.RadioSelect, 'capacity': forms.RadioSelect}
对于经理，最好使用ForeignKey与用户模型一起工作：
from django.conf import settingsclass Room(models.Model):number = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()CATEGORIES = (('Regular', 'Regular'),('Executive', 'Executive'),('Deluxe', 'Deluxe'),)category = models.CharField(max_length=9, choices=CATEGORIES, default='Regular')CAPACITY = ((1, '1'),(2, '2'),(3, '3'),(4, '4'),)capacity = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(choices=CAPACITY, default=2)advance = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=10)manager = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE, editable=False)
ModelForm可以处理创建本身：
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required@login_requireddef add_room(request):if request.method == 'POST':form = AddRoomForm(request.POST, request.FILES)if form.is_valid():form.instance.manager = request.userform.save()return redirect('../rooms/')else:form = AddRoomForm()context = {'form': form, 'username': request.user.username}return render(request, 'add_room.html', context)
注意：您可以使用**
@login_required**装饰器将视图限制为经过身份验证的用户。
英文:
By overriding the field, you lose the binding with the underlying model field. Just specify the widget:
<pre><code>class AddRoomForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Room
fields = ['number', 'category', 'capacity', 'advance']
<b>widgets</b> = {'category': forms.RadioSelect, 'capacity': forms.RadioSelect}</code></pre>
It is probably also better to work with a ForeignKey to the user model for the manager:
<pre><code>from django.conf import settings
class Room(models.Model):
number = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
CATEGORIES = (
('Regular', 'Regular'),
('Executive', 'Executive'),
('Deluxe', 'Deluxe'),
)
category = models.CharField(
max_length=9, choices=CATEGORIES, default='Regular'
)
CAPACITY = (
(1, '1'),
(2, '2'),
(3, '3'),
(4, '4'),
)
capacity = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(choices=CAPACITY, default=2)
advance = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=10)
<b>manager</b> = models.ForeignKey(
settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE, editable=False
)</code></pre>
and the ModelForm can handle the creation itself:
<pre><code>from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
@login_required
def add_room(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = AddRoomForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
if form.is_valid():
form.instance.manager = request.user
<b>form.save()</b>
return redirect('../rooms/')
else:
form = AddRoomForm()
context = {'form': form, 'username': request.user.username}
return render(request, 'add_room.html', context)</code></pre>
> Note: You can limit views to a view to authenticated users with the
> @login_required decorator <sup>[Django-doc]</sup>.
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