英文:
How to build CGO program static linking to glibc and dynamic linking to libGL.so?
问题
我的操作系统是Kali，运行的GLIBC_2.32版本。我需要为运行GLIBC_2.28版本的Debian 10系统构建一个CGO应用程序。
如果我使用动态链接进行go build，它无法在Debian系统上运行，显示GLIBC不匹配的错误：
找不到版本`GLIBC_2.29`
找不到版本`GLIBCXX_3.4.29`
找不到版本`GLIBC_2.32`
所以我尝试了静态链接：CGO_LDFLAGS='-static' go build。一个GUI库使用了OpenGL，它显示错误：
# github.com/go-gl/gl/v3.2-core/gl
/usr/bin/ld: 找不到 -lGL
在搜索了一段时间后，我发现libGL与GPU驱动程序有关，无法进行静态链接。
然后我尝试通过以下方式动态链接libGL.so，并静态链接其他库：
CGO_LDFLAGS='-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -Bdynamic -lGL -static' go build
但是仍然出现相同的错误："找不到 -lGL"
我不想使用Docker，它太重了。而且我不认为从Debian 10升级到11会解决问题，因为将来可能会有其他客户端运行不同的操作系统。有什么最佳解决方案？
英文:
My os is Kali, running GLIBC_2.32. I need to build an CGO application for a debian 10 system, which is running GLIBC_2.28.
If I go build with dynamic linking, it can't be run on the debian system, it shows GLIBC mismatch:
version `GLIBC_2.29` not found
version `GLIBCXX_3.4.29` not found
version `GLIBC_2.32` not found
So I tried static linking: CGO_LDFLAGS='-static' go build. A gui library uses OpenGL and it shows error:
# github.com/go-gl/gl/v3.2-core/gl
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lGL
After searching a while I found the libGL is related to the gpu driver and can't be statically linked.
Then I tried linking libGL.so dynamically and statically linking other libraries by:
CGO_LDFLAGS='-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -Bdynamic -lGL -static' go build
But same error: "cannot find -lGL"
I don't want to use docker, it's too heavy. And I don't think upgrading from debian 10 to 11 solves the problem, there maybe some other clients running different os in the future. What's the best solution?
答案1
得分: 3
然后我尝试通过以下方式动态链接libGL.so并静态链接其他库：
CGO_LDFLAGS='-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -Bdynamic -lGL -static' go build
-static标志告诉链接器执行一个完全静态链接。无论你将它放在-lGL之前还是之后，意义是相同的。
要静态链接一些库并动态链接其他库，请参考这个答案。
话虽如此，你所尝试的做法是不可能的：如果你的链接中有任何动态库，那么libc.so.6也必须是动态链接的。
我不想使用Docker，它太重了。
很遗憾，你必须使用Docker，或者设置一个chroot环境，或者构建一个“Linux到旧版Linux”的交叉编译器。使用Docker可能是最容易实现的方法。
英文:
> Then I tried linking libGL.so dynamically and statically linking other libraries by:
> CGO_LDFLAGS='-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -Bdynamic -lGL -static' go build
The -static flag tells the linker: perform a completely static link. It doesn't matter whether you put it before or after -lGL, the meaning is the same.
To link some libraries statically and link others dynamically, see this answer.
That said, what you are trying to do is impossible: if you have any dynamic libraries in your link, then libc.so.6 must also be dynamically linked.
> I don't want to use docker, it's too heavy.
Too bad. You'll have to use docker, or set up a chroot environment, or build yourself a "Linux to older Linux" crosscompiler. The docker is likely easiest to implement.
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