Go lang – Polymorphism for interface; array of types which implement interface

huangapple
go评论110阅读模式
英文:

Go lang - Polymorphism for interface; array of types which implement interface

问题

我来自Java背景，对Go的面向对象编程(OOP)方法感到有些迷茫。我正在尝试编写一个日志记录函数，基本上可以接受一个数组，该数组可以是一种类型或另一种类型。为了澄清：数组中不会混合类型，它们将是全部为Type1或Type2的数组。

我为这两种类型创建了一个接口供它们实现，但是我的IDE表示不能将类型用作接口。在这里，有什么更好、更符合Go风格的方法吗？

  1. type Loggable interface {
  2.   GetFirstName() string
  3.   GetLastName() string
  4. }
  6. type Person1 struct {
  7.   FirstName string
  8.   LastName string
  9. }
  11. func (t Person1) GetFirstName() string {
  12.   return t.FirstName
  13. }
  15. func (t Person1) GetLastName() string {
  16.   return t.LastName
  17. }
  19. type Person2 struct {
  20.   FirstName2 string
  21.   LastName2 string
  22. }
  24. func (t Person2) GetFirstName() string {
  25.   return t.FirstName2
  26. }
  28. func (t Person2) GetLastName() string {
  29.   return t.LastName2
  30. }
  32. func performLogging(logger LoggingPackage.Logger, loggingList []Loggable){
  33.   for _, person := range loggingList {
  34.     logger.Logf("Person is %s %s", person.GetFirstName(), person.GetLastName())
  35.   }
  36. }
  38. func relevantFunction() {
  39.   personList := handler.PersonRequest() // 返回一个全部为Person1或全部为Person2的数组
  40.   performLogging(logger, personList) // 无法将[]Person1或[]Person2用作[]Loggable
  41. }
英文:

I'm coming from a Java background, so I'm pretty lost by Go's approach to OOP. I'm trying to write a logging function that, fundamentally, can accept an array of either one type or another. To clarify: the arrays will not mix type, they will be an array of all either Type1 or Type 2.

I created an interface for both these types to implement, but my IDE said it can't use the type as the interface. What's the better, more Go-like approach here?

  1. type Loggable interface {
  2.   GetFirstName() string
  3.   GetLastName() string
  4. }
  6. type Person1 struct {
  7.   FirstName string
  8.   LastName string
  9. }
  11. func (t Person1) GetFirstName() string {
  12.   return t.FirstName
  13. }
  15. func (t Person1) GetLastName() string {
  16.   return t.LastName
  17. }
  19. type Person2 struct {
  20.   FirstName2 string
  21.   LastName2 string
  22. }
  24. func (t Person2) GetFirstName() string {
  25.   return t.FirstName2
  26. }
  28. func (t Person2) GetLastName() string {
  29.   return t.LastName2
  30. }
  32. func performLogging(logger LoggingPackage.Logger, loggingList []Loggable){
  33.   for _, person := range loggingList {
  34.     logger.Logf("Person is %s %s", person.GetFirstName(), person.GetLastName())
  35.   }
  36. }
  38. func relevantFunction() {
  39.   personList := handler.PersonRequest() // returns an array of all either Person1, or all Person2
  40.   performLogging(logger, personList) // can't use []Person1 or []Person2 as []Loggable
  41. }```
  43. </details>
  46. # 答案1
  47. **得分**: 2
  49. 我发现在这些情况下，将与问题无关的所有代码删除会有所帮助。这个例子按预期工作：
  51. ~~~
  52. package main
  53. import "fmt"
  55. type Loggable interface {
  56.    GetFirstName() string
  57. }
  59. type Person1 struct { FirstName string }
  60. func (t Person1) GetFirstName() string { return t.FirstName }
  62. type Person2 struct { FirstName2 string }
  63. func (t Person2) GetFirstName() string { return t.FirstName2 }
  65. func performLogging(loggingList []Loggable){
  66.    for _, person := range loggingList {
  67.       fmt.Println(person.GetFirstName())
  68.    }
  69. }
  71. func main() {
  72.    people := []Loggable{
  73.       Person1{"Angela"}, Person2{"Tyrell"},
  74.    }
  75.    performLogging(people)
  76. }
  77. ~~~
  79. <details>
  80. <summary>英文:</summary>
  82. I find it helps in these cases to rip out all code that is not central to the
  83. problem. This example works as expected:
  85. ~~~
  86. package main
  87. import &quot;fmt&quot;
  89. type Loggable interface {
  90.    GetFirstName() string
  91. }
  93. type Person1 struct { FirstName string }
  94. func (t Person1) GetFirstName() string { return t.FirstName }
  96. type Person2 struct { FirstName2 string }
  97. func (t Person2) GetFirstName() string { return t.FirstName2 }
  99. func performLogging(loggingList []Loggable){
  100.    for _, person := range loggingList {
  101.       fmt.Println(person.GetFirstName())
  102.    }
  103. }
  105. func main() {
  106.    people := []Loggable{
  107.       Person1{&quot;Angela&quot;}, Person2{&quot;Tyrell&quot;},
  108.    }
  109.    performLogging(people)
  110. }
  111. ~~~
  113. </details>

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2021年10月23日 06:50:55
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接：https://go.coder-hub.com/69683808.html
  • go
  • inheritance
  • oop
匿名

发表评论

匿名网友

:?: :razz: :sad: :evil: :!: :smile: :oops: :grin: :eek: :shock: :???: :cool: :lol: :mad: :twisted: :roll: :wink: :idea: :arrow: :neutral: :cry: :mrgreen:

确定