英文:
ClassCastException: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.NullBean cannot be cast to org.springframework.plugin.core.Plugin
问题
以下是翻译的内容：
我在我的应用程序中有这个测试：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ApplicationTestConfig.class)
@MockBeans({ @MockBean(SwaggerConfig.class)})
public class AuthorisationControllerTest implements WebMvcConfigurer {
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
@Before
public void setup() {
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
}
@Test
public void testAuthorisation() throws Exception {
this.mockMvc.perform(get("/test")).andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(containsString("Hello, World")));
}
}
但是当我运行测试时，我得到了以下错误：
15:04:10.417 [main] ERROR org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager - 在准备测试实例 [eu.europa.ec.oib.kw.guards.controller.AuthorisationControllerTest@6fb219dd] 时，捕获异常的 TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener@7219ec67] 抛出异常。
java.lang.IllegalStateException: 无法加载应用上下文
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:132)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:123)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:190)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:132)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:244)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:227)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:246)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$4.run(ParentRunner.java:331)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:79)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:329)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$100(ParentRunner.java:66)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:293)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:413)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:365)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeWithRerun(JUnit4Provider.java:273)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:238)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:159)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:384)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:345)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.execute(ForkedBooter.java:126)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:418)
Caused by: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: 无法启动 bean 'documentationPluginsBootstrapper'；嵌套异常是 java.lang.ClassCastException: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.NullBean 无法转换为 org.springframework.plugin.core.Plugin
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.doStart(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:185)
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.access$200(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:53)
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor$LifecycleGroup.start(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:360)
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.startBeans(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:158)
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.onRefresh(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:122)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:895)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:554)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:129)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:275)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:243)
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124)
... 28 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.NullBean 无法转换为 org.springframework.plugin.core.Plugin
at org.springframework.plugin.core.PluginRegistrySupport.initialize(PluginRegistrySupport.java:78)
at org.springframework.plugin.core.OrderAwarePluginRegistry.initialize(OrderAwarePluginRegistry.java:132)
at org.springframework.plugin.core.PluginRegistrySupport.getPlugins(PluginRegistrySupport.java:59)
at org.springframework.plugin.core.SimplePluginRegistry.getPlugins(SimplePluginRegistry.java:68)
at springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.DocumentationPluginsManager.documentationPlugins(DocumentationPluginsManager.java:96)
at springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.DocumentationPluginsBootstrapper.start(DocumentationPluginsBootstrapper.java:162)
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.doStart(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:182)
... 40 more
15:04:10.436 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDirtiesContextTestExecutionListener - 测试类后：context [DefaultTestContext@769e7ee8 testClass = AuthorisationControllerTest, testInstance = [null], testMethod = [null], testException = [null], mergedContextConfiguration = [WebMergedContextConfiguration@5276e6b0 testClass = AuthorisationControllerTest, locations = '{}', classes = '{
<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
I have this test in my app:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ApplicationTestConfig.class)
@MockBeans({ @MockBean(SwaggerConfig.class)})
public class AuthorisationControllerTest implements WebMvcConfigurer {
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
@Before
public void setup() {
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
}
@Test
public void testAuthorisation() throws Exception {
this.mockMvc.perform(get("/test")).andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(containsString("Hello, World")));
}
}
but when I run the test I got this error:
15:04:10.417 [main] ERROR org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener@7219ec67] to prepare test instance [eu.europa.ec.oib.kw.guards.controller.AuthorisationControllerTest@6fb219dd]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:132)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:123)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:190)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:132)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:244)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:227)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:246)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$4.run(ParentRunner.java:331)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:79)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:329)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$100(ParentRunner.java:66)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:293)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:413)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:365)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeWithRerun(JUnit4Provider.java:273)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:238)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:159)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:384)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:345)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.execute(ForkedBooter.java:126)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:418)
Caused by: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Failed to start bean 'documentationPluginsBootstrapper'; nested exception is java.lang.ClassCastException: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.NullBean cannot be cast to org.springframework.plugin.core.Plugin
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.doStart(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:185)
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.access$200(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:53)
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor$LifecycleGroup.start(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:360)
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.startBeans(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:158)
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.onRefresh(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:122)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:895)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:554)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:129)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:275)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:243)
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124)
... 28 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.NullBean cannot be cast to org.springframework.plugin.core.Plugin
at org.springframework.plugin.core.PluginRegistrySupport.initialize(PluginRegistrySupport.java:78)
at org.springframework.plugin.core.OrderAwarePluginRegistry.initialize(OrderAwarePluginRegistry.java:132)
at org.springframework.plugin.core.PluginRegistrySupport.getPlugins(PluginRegistrySupport.java:59)
at org.springframework.plugin.core.SimplePluginRegistry.getPlugins(SimplePluginRegistry.java:68)
at springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.DocumentationPluginsManager.documentationPlugins(DocumentationPluginsManager.java:96)
at springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.DocumentationPluginsBootstrapper.start(DocumentationPluginsBootstrapper.java:162)
at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.doStart(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:182)
... 40 common frames omitted
15:04:10.436 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDirtiesContextTestExecutionListener - After test class: context [DefaultTestContext@769e7ee8 testClass = AuthorisationControllerTest, testInstance = [null], testMethod = [null], testException = [null], mergedContextConfiguration = [WebMergedContextConfiguration@5276e6b0 testClass = AuthorisationControllerTest, locations = '{}', classes = '{class com.bonanza.ApplicationTestConfig}', contextInitializerClasses = '[]', activeProfiles = '{}', propertySourceLocations = '{}', propertySourceProperties = '{}', contextCustomizers = set[org.springframework.boot.test.context.filter.ExcludeFilterContextCustomizer@491666ad, org.springframework.boot.test.json.DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizerFactory$DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizer@51931956, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoContextCustomizer@82791545, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.properties.PropertyMappingContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebDriverContextCustomizerFactory$Customizer@240237d2, org.springframework.test.context.web.socket.MockServerContainerContextCustomizer@212bf671], resourceBasePath = 'src/main/webapp', contextLoader = 'org.springframework.test.context.web.WebDelegatingSmartContextLoader', parent = [null]], attributes = map[[empty]]], class annotated with @DirtiesContext [false] with mode [null].
[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 10.803 s <<< FAILURE! - in com.bonanza..controller.AuthorisationControllerTest
[ERROR] testAuthorisation(om.bonanza.controller.AuthorisationControllerTest) Time elapsed: 0.049 s <<< ERROR!
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
Caused by: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Failed to start bean 'documentationPluginsBootstrapper'; nested exception is java.lang.ClassCastException: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.NullBean cannot be cast to org.springframework.plugin.core.Plugin
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.NullBean cannot be cast to org.springframework.plugin.core.Plugin
[INFO]
</details>
# 答案1
**得分**: 0
可能您的问题可能与以下代码行有关：
```java
@MockBeans({ @MockBean(SwaggerConfig.class)})
我认为 Spring 正在尝试模拟您的 Swagger 配置，并且在解析依赖关系时，框架提供了一个 NullBean 引用，而不是所需的对象，即在这种情况下是 org.springframework.plugin.core.Plugin 的实例。
我假设您需要在测试中禁用 Swagger 支持。
如果是这种情况，有一种更简单的方法可以进行操作。
思路是结合 Spring 配置文件。
首先，在您的 Swagger 类配置中定义一个 @Profile 注解，如下：
@Profile("swagger")
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig {
//...
}
这个配置文件应该包含在您的正常应用操作中。如果需要进一步的信息，请告诉我。
然后，在您的测试中，使用 @ActiveProfiles 注解选择要启用的配置文件，例如：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ApplicationTestConfig.class)
@ActiveProfiles("test")
public class AuthorisationControllerTest implements WebMvcConfigurer {
您可以像示例中那样定义一个名为 test 的单个配置文件，其中包含一组配置文件，或者直接包含适用的配置文件列表，只要确保不包含与 Swagger 配置相关联的那个，例如示例中的 swagger。
或者，如果它不会干扰您的其他配置，您可以使用以下配置实现类似的结果：
@Profile("!no-swagger")
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig {
//...
}
以及您的测试：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ApplicationTestConfig.class)
@ActiveProfiles("no-swagger")
public class AuthorisationControllerTest implements WebMvcConfigurer {
英文:
Probably your problem could be related with the following line:
@MockBeans({ @MockBean(SwaggerConfig.class)})
I think Spring is trying to mock your Swagger configuration and, when resolving dependencies, the framework is providing a NullBean reference instead of the required object, an instance of org.springframework.plugin.core.Plugin in this case.
I assume that you need to disable Swagger support in your tests.
If that is the case, there is a simpler way to proceed.
The idea is combine Spring profiles.
First, define a @Profile annotation in your Swagger class configuration, like:
@Profile("swagger")
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig {
//...
}
This profile should be included in your normal application operation. Please, let me know if you need further information on this.
Then, in your test, select the profiles you want to enable with the @ActiveProfiles annotation, for instance:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ApplicationTestConfig.class)
@ActiveProfiles("test")
public class AuthorisationControllerTest implements WebMvcConfigurer {
You can define, as in the example, a single profile of name test that includes a list of profiles, or directly include the list of profiles applicable, just be sure to not include the one associated with the Swagger configuration, swagger in the example.
Or, if it does not interfere with other of your configurations, you can achieve a similar result with the following configuration:
@Profile("!no-swagger")
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig {
//...
}
And your test:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ApplicationTestConfig.class)
@ActiveProfiles("no-swagger")
public class AuthorisationControllerTest implements WebMvcConfigurer {
通过集体智慧和协作来改善编程学习和解决问题的方式。致力于成为全球开发者共同参与的知识库，让每个人都能够通过互相帮助和分享经验来进步。
评论