@Configuration
public class MyConfiguration {
  @Bean("durationForX")
  public Duration durationForX() {
    return Duration.ofSeconds(1);
  }
  @Bean("durationForY")
  public Duration durationForY() {
    return Duration.ofSeconds(5);
  }
}

@Component
public class MyService {
  public MyService(
     @Qualifier("durationForX") duration
  ) {
     ...
  }
}

@Configuration
@Profile("my-test-profile")
public class IntegrationTestConfiguration {
  @Primary
  @Bean("durationForX")
  public Duration durationForXMock() {
    return Duration.ofMillis(100);
  }
  @Primary
  @Bean("durationForY")
  public Duration durationForYMock() {
    return Duration.ofMillis(500);
  }
  @Primary
  @Bean
  public AnotherService anotherService() {
     // This one works as expected, probably because it is not a named bean
     ...
  }
}

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************
Description:
The bean 'durationForX', defined in class path resource [com/../../MyConfiguration.class], could not be registered. A bean with that name has already been defined in class path resource [com/.../.../IntegrationTestConfiguration.class] and overriding is disabled.
Action:
Consider renaming one of the beans or enabling overriding by setting spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.DEFINED_PORT, classes = {MyApp.class})
@ActiveProfiles("it")
class MyIntegrationTest {
    @Autowired
    GraphQLTestTemplate graphQL;
   ...
}

duration1:1
duration2:5

@Configuration
public class MyConfiguration {
    @Value("${duration1})
    private Integer duration1;
    @Value("${duration2})
    private Integer duration2;
    @Bean("durationForX")
    public Duration durationForX() {
         return Duration.ofSeconds(duration1);
    }
    @Bean("durationForY")
    public Duration durationForY() {
       return Duration.ofSeconds(duration2);
   }
}

duration1:100
duration2:500

@SpringBootTest
@Profile("test)
public class AppTest {
  }