使用Maven构建带有仅依赖项的”fat” JAR。

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英文:

Build fat jar in maven with dependencies only

问题

我在我的Java项目中使用了maven-shade-plugin

我有一个名为core的模块,我想将它的所有依赖打包到一个单独的JAR文件中。我不想每次都创建一个臃肿的大JAR文件,并将其与我的应用代码一起部署。我的应用程序JAR文件大小小于1MB,但依赖项大于20MB。

在服务器上,我会这样运行我的应用程序:

java -cp core.lib.jar:core.jar myApp

当我更改应用程序代码并且需要上传core.lib.jar时,我只需要将core.jar部署到我的服务器,而当我更改依赖项时(这是非常罕见的情况)只需要上传core.lib.jar

有很多关于如何使用Java源代码构建fat JAR的文档,但我想将它们排除在外,独立地交付给服务器。

有两个用于构建fat JAR的Maven插件:assembly和shade。我想使用shade插件。

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.3</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <phase>none</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
                <artifactSet>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>core</exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </artifactSet>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

当我运行mvn -pl core shade:shade时,我会得到错误:core:无法创建阴影化的构件,项目的主构件不存在

我认为这个选项:

<excludes>
    <exclude>core</exclude>
</excludes>

会从构建的构件中排除我的源代码。

我将phase设置为none,因为我不想在运行package时创建fat JAR。我希望运行mvn shade:shade并获得更新后的fat JAR。

我不是Maven或其插件的专家,所以非常感谢任何帮助 使用Maven构建带有仅依赖项的”fat” JAR。

英文:

I use maven-shade-plugin in my java project.

I have a module called core and i would like to pack all its dependencies into one single jar. I don't wan't to create fat big jar every time and deploy it along with my application code. My application jar has size < 1 MB but dependencies > 20 MB

On my server i would run my application like:

java -cp core.lib.jar:core.jar myApp

I need to deploy only core.jar to my server when i change application code and need to upload core.lib.jar only when i change dependencies (this is very rare).

There's a lot of docs how to build fat jar with java sources but i want to exclude them and deliver it to the server independently.

There is two maven plugins for building fat jar: assembly and shade. I want to stick with shade.

        &lt;plugin&gt;
            &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&lt;/groupId&gt;
            &lt;artifactId&gt;maven-shade-plugin&lt;/artifactId&gt;
            &lt;version&gt;3.2.3&lt;/version&gt;
            &lt;executions&gt;
                &lt;execution&gt;
                    &lt;phase&gt;none&lt;/phase&gt;
                    &lt;goals&gt;
                        &lt;goal&gt;shade&lt;/goal&gt;
                    &lt;/goals&gt;
                    &lt;configuration&gt;
                        &lt;artifactSet&gt;
                            &lt;excludes&gt;
                                &lt;exclude&gt;core&lt;/exclude&gt;
                            &lt;/excludes&gt;
                        &lt;/artifactSet&gt;
                    &lt;/configuration&gt;
                &lt;/execution&gt;
            &lt;/executions&gt;
        &lt;/plugin&gt;

When i run mvn -pl core shade:shade i get error: core: Failed to create shaded artifact, project main artifact does not exist

I thought that that option:
<excludes>
<exclude>core</exclude>
</excludes>
would exclude my sources from the artifact.

I set phase to none because i don't want to create fat jar when i want to run package.
I would like to run mvn shade:shade and have updated fat jar.

I'm not an expert in maven or its plugins, so any help is very appreciated 使用Maven构建带有仅依赖项的”fat” JAR。

答案1

得分: 1

我自己没有使用过 shade 插件,所以无法提供实际指导,不过看起来你需要一个多模块的 Maven 项目:

  1. 重新组织你的项目(移动文件夹)使其结构如下:
my-project
  |__app
  |    |__src 
  |    |  |__main(以及所有生产源代码/资源)
  |    |  |__test(所有测试/测试资源)
  |    |__pom.xml
  |__core-lib
  |    |__pom.xml
  |__pom.xml

my-project/pom.xml 可以是一个“多模块”聚合器:它应该有 &lt;packaging&gt;pom&lt;/packaging&gt;,并包含以下内容:

&lt;modules&gt;
  &lt;module&gt;app&lt;/module&gt;
  &lt;module&gt;core-lib&lt;/module&gt;
&lt;/modules&gt;

现在 app 模块可以是你编写应用程序代码的地方。它会经常变化,但不会生成任何大型的 JAR 文件 - 只会生成一个普通的 JAR,其中只包含来自此模块的已编译代码(在你的示例中,这将是一个 1MB 的构件)。

core-lib 模块将在其 pom.xml 中包含 shade/assembly 插件的定义,并且该模块将负责创建“大型 JAR”。在其 dependences 部分中,它将列出所有你需要很少更改的第三方依赖/代码(在你的情况下,那个大小为 20MB 的构件)。

如果需要的话,“app” 模块可以依赖于“core-lib” 模块,以便应用程序可以访问来自该库的类。

因此,你通常的工作流程将是:

cd my-project/app
mvn package

如果你想同时构建应用程序和核心库,则执行:

cd my-project
mvn package

你可以在这里阅读有关多模块的更多信息12

英文:

I haven't used shade plugin by myself so I can't provide any practical guidance, however it seems like you need a multi-module maven project:

  1. Refactor your project (move the folders) to look like this:
my-project
  |__app
  |    |__src 
  |    |  |__main( (and all the production sources/resources inside)
  |    |  |__test (all the tests/test resources inside)
  |    |__pom.xml
  |__core-lib
  |    |__pom.xml
  |__  pom.xml

my-project/pom.xml could be a "multi-module" aggregator: it should have &lt;packaging&gt;pom&lt;/packaging&gt; and have the following:

&lt;modules&gt;
  &lt;module&gt;app&lt;/module&gt;
  &lt;module&gt;core-lib&lt;/module&gt;
&lt;/modules&gt;

Now app module could be a place where you write the code of your application. It will change often, but it won't produce any fat jar - only a regular jar with a compiled code from this module only (in your example, it will be 1mb artifact).

The core-lib module will be a module that in it's pom.xml will contain the definitions of the shade / assembly plugin and this module will be responsible for the creation of the "fat jar". In its dependences section it will list all the 3rd party dependencies/code that you'll have to change 'rarely' (in your case, the one with 20 mb artifact).

If you need that, the "app" module could depend on "core-lib" module so that the application will have an access to the classes from the library.

So your usual workflow will be:

cd my-project/app
mvn package

If you want to build both application and core-libraries, then:

cd my-project
mvn package

You can read about multi modules here or here

答案2

得分: 0

我需要将这个块移动到插件/配置下面



core

以前在executions块中。

现在我可以运行mvn -pl core shade:shade并且只有依赖项的厚Jar文件 使用Maven构建带有仅依赖项的”fat” JAR。

英文:

I needed to move this block under plugin / configuration

                &lt;artifactSet&gt;
                    &lt;excludes&gt;
                        &lt;exclude&gt;core&lt;/exclude&gt;
                    &lt;/excludes&gt;
                &lt;/artifactSet&gt;

Used to be in executions block.

Now i can run mvn -pl core shade:shade and have fat jar with dependencies only 使用Maven构建带有仅依赖项的”fat” JAR。

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2020年10月12日 06:08:21
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