英文:
Spring-data : Error creating bean with name 'mainController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'userService'
问题
以下是翻译好的内容:
我刚开始学习spring-boot,当我尝试运行 ``` mvn clean install ``` 命令时,终端给了我这个 **错误** :
[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 7.465 s <<< FAILURE! - in com.example.accessingdatamysql.AccessingDataMySqlApplicationTests
[ERROR] contextLoads Time elapsed: 0.001 s <<< ERROR!
java.lang.IllegalStateException: 无法加载应用上下文
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: 通过字段 'userService' 表达的不满足的依赖;嵌套异常是 org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: 通过字段 'mapper' 表达的不满足的依赖;嵌套异常是 org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: 没有符合类型 'com.example.accessingdatamysql.util.UserMapper' 的 Bean 可用:预期至少有 1 个符合自动装配候选的 Bean。依赖注释:{@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: 通过字段 'mapper' 表达的不满足的依赖;嵌套异常是 org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: 没有符合类型 'com.example.accessingdatamysql.util.UserMapper' 的 Bean 可用:预期至少有 1 个符合自动装配候选的 Bean。依赖注释:{@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: 没有符合类型 'com.example.accessingdatamysql.util.UserMapper' 的 Bean 可用:预期至少有 1 个符合自动装配候选的 Bean。依赖注释:{@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
[INFO]
[INFO] Results:
[INFO]
[ERROR] Errors:
[ERROR] AccessingDataMySqlApplicationTests.contextLoads » IllegalState 无法加载...
[INFO]
[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 13.677 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2020-10-03T22:37:51+02:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) on project accessingdatamysql: 有测试失败。
我已经尝试过多种方法,但无法正确启动它,我在这个状态中困扰了几天。
我添加了项目的各个部分
**AccessingDataMysqlApplication.java**
package com.example.accessingdatamysql;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.domain.EntityScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
@SpringBootApplication
public class AccessingDataMysqlApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(AccessingDataMysqlApplication.class, args);
}
}
**MainController.java**
package com.example.accessingdatamysql.rest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.dto.UserDto;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.service.UserService;
@RestController
public class MainController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Transactional
@PostMapping(path="/demo/add")
public @ResponseBody String addNewUser (@RequestParam String name
, @RequestParam String email,@RequestParam String surname)
{
UserDto n = new UserDto();
n.setName(name);
n.setSurname(surname);
n.setEmail(email);
userService.create(n);
return "Saved";
}
@GetMapping("/demo/first")
public UserDto one(@RequestParam String name) {
System.out.print(name);
return userService.findFirstByName(name);
}
}
**UserService.java**
package com.example.accessingdatamysql.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.dto.UserDto;
@Service
public interface UserService {
UserDto findFirstByName(String name);
void create(UserDto user);
}
**UserServiceImpl.java**
package com.example.accessingdatamysql.service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.dto.UserDto;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.entity.UserEntity;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.repo.UserRepository;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.util.UserMapper;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Autowired
UserMapper mapper;
@Override
public UserDto findFirstByName(String name) {
UserEntity entity = userRepository.findFirstByName(name);
return mapper.toDtoMapper(entity);
}
@Override
public void create(UserDto user) {
UserEntity entity = mapper.toEntityMapper(user);
userRepository.create(entity);
}
}
**POM**
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java
英文:
I am new to spring-boot, when i try to run the mvn clean install
the terminal gives me this ERROR:
[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 7.465 s <<< FAILURE! - in com.example.accessingdatamysql.AccessingDataMySqlApplicationTests
[ERROR] contextLoads Time elapsed: 0.001 s <<< ERROR!
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'mainController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'userService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'userServiceImpl': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'mapper'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.example.accessingdatamysql.util.UserMapper' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'userServiceImpl': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'mapper'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.example.accessingdatamysql.util.UserMapper' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.example.accessingdatamysql.util.UserMapper' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
[INFO]
[INFO] Results:
[INFO]
[ERROR] Errors:
[ERROR] AccessingDataMySqlApplicationTests.contextLoads » IllegalState Failed to load ...
[INFO]
[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 13.677 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2020-10-03T22:37:51+02:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) on project accessingdatamysql: There are test failures.
I tried them all a bit but I can't get it started correctly, I've been stuck in this state for several days
I add the various parts of the project
AccessingDataMysqlApplication.java
package com.example.accessingdatamysql;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.domain.EntityScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
@SpringBootApplication
public class AccessingDataMysqlApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(AccessingDataMysqlApplication.class, args);
}
}
MainController.java
package com.example.accessingdatamysql.rest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.dto.UserDto;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.service.UserService;
@RestController
public class MainController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Transactional
@PostMapping(path="/demo/add")
public @ResponseBody String addNewUser (@RequestParam String name
, @RequestParam String email,@RequestParam String surname)
{
UserDto n = new UserDto();
n.setName(name);
n.setSurname(surname);
n.setEmail(email);
userService.create(n);
return "Saved";
}
@GetMapping("/demo/first")
public UserDto one(@RequestParam String name) {
System.out.print(name);
return userService.findFirstByName(name);
}
}
UserService.java
package com.example.accessingdatamysql.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.dto.UserDto;
@Service
public interface UserService {
UserDto findFirstByName(String name);
void create(UserDto user);
}
UserServiceImpl.java
package com.example.accessingdatamysql.service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.dto.UserDto;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.entity.UserEntity;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.repo.UserRepository;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.util.UserMapper;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Autowired
UserMapper mapper;
@Override
public UserDto findFirstByName(String name) {
UserEntity entity = userRepository.findFirstByName(name);
return mapper.toDtoMapper(entity);
}
@Override
public void create(UserDto user) {
UserEntity entity = mapper.toEntityMapper(user);
userRepository.create(entity);
}
}
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.4.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>accessingdatamysql</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>project</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
<artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
The structure of my project is this:
src->com->example->accessingdatamysql|----->model
|----->repo
|----->util
|----->service
|----->rest----->Main.Controller.java
|----->AccessingDataMysqlApplication.java
UserMapper.java
package com.example.accessingdatamysql.util;
import org.mapstruct.Mapper;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.dto.UserDto;
import com.example.accessingdatamysql.model.entity.UserEntity;
@Mapper (componentModel = "spring")
public interface UserMapper {
UserEntity toEntityMapper (UserDto user);
UserDto toDtoMapper (UserEntity userEntity);
}
I tried to make changes With the MainController, to change the Controller but there are no changes. Entering either @EntityScan or @Component didn't help me in any way
答案1
得分: 1
问题在于 Spring 无法创建名为 com.example.accessingdatamysql.util.UserMapper 的此类型的 Bean。
它声称没有其实现。
请检查该类上的注解。
英文:
The issue is that spring is not able to create a bean of this type: com.example.accessingdatamysql.util.UserMapper
It claims that there are no implementations of it.
Check your annotations on that class.
答案2
得分: 1
我在 UserService
中找到了问题。UserService
使用了 UserMapper
接口,但是 UserMapper
不是一个由 Spring 管理的 bean。因此 @Autowired
注解在 UserMapper
上不起作用。从 UserMapper
中移除 @Autowired
,并按照 MapStruct 的指南使用 UserMapper
,问题应该会得到解决。
你的代码应该如下所示,在 UserService.java 中:
UserMapper userMapper = Mappers.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
我还发现你遗漏了 MapStruct 的 Maven 插件。你需要添加以下插件使得 MapStruct 生效。你的 pom.xml 文件中的插件部分应该如下所示:
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<annotationProcessorPaths>
<path>
<groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
<artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1.Final</version>
</path>
</annotationProcessorPaths>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
希望这些信息能够帮助你。如果需要进一步的信息,你可以参考以下链接:
英文:
I found the problem in UserService
. UserService
uses UserMapper
interface but UserMapper
is not a Spring managed bean. So @Autowired
annotation does not work with UserMapper
. Remove @Autowired
from UserMapper
and use UserMapper
following MapStruct guidelines and the problem should be solved.
Your code should look like this. In UserService.java
UserMapper userMapper = Mappers.getMapper( UserMapper.class );
I also found that you missed maven plugin for mapstruct. You need to add this plugin for mapstruct to work.
Your plugins section in pom.xml should look like this.
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<annotationProcessorPaths>
<path>
<groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
<artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1.Final</version>
</path>
</annotationProcessorPaths>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
Hope this helps. For further information you can look at
https://mapstruct.org/
https://www.baeldung.com/mapstruct
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