英文:
Testing non-blocking REST services with Spring MVC
问题
我有一个Spring MVC应用程序。
我想测试这个控制器:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:backoffice-servlet.xml")
public class TimeControllerTests {
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Before
public void setup() {
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
}
@Test
public void should_OK() throws Exception {
mockMvc.perform(get("/time/2")
.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(status().isOk());
}
}
这是我的 backoffice-servlet.xml
:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bonanza.*" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>
但是当我启动应用程序时,我得到了这个错误:
Error creating bean with name 'documentController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'documentService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'documentService': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'documentRepo'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.bonanza.repositories.documents.DocumentRepository' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
仓库:
@Repository
public interface DocumentRepository extends JpaRepository<Document, Long> {
...
}
英文:
I have a Spring MVC application .
I want to test this controller:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:backoffice-servlet.xml")
public class TimeControllerTests {
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Before
public void setup() {
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
}
@Test
public void should_OK() throws Exception {
mockMvc.perform(get("/time/2")
.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(status().isOk());
}
}
this is my backoffice-servlet.xml
:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bonanza.*" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>
but when I start the app. I got this error:
Error creating bean with name 'documentController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'documentService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'documentService': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'documentRepo'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.bonanza.repositories.documents.DocumentRepository' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
the repo:
@Repository
public interface DocumentRepository extends JpaRepository<Document, Long> {
...
}
答案1
得分: 0
由于您要求只返回翻译好的部分,以下是您提供的内容的翻译:
作为 Spring Data 仓库,应在 XML 配置文件中添加适当的初始化:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bonanza.*" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<jpa:repositories base-package="<<REPOSITORY_PACKAGE_NAME>>" />
</beans>
这里是 Spring Data 参考指南 的链接。
如果没有使用 Spring Boot,还可能需要添加基础的 JPA 类 - dataSource、transactionManager、entityManagerFactory,并引用实体包。配置取决于测试环境:是使用真实的数据库/内存数据库还是其他选项。对于事务管理,XML 配置中还需要添加 <tx:annotation-driven />
。这里是 Spring 参考指南 中适当章节的链接。
这里 可以找到实体管理器工厂/事务管理器 XML 配置的示例。
另一个示例来自这里:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="/WEB-INF/spring/jdbc.properties" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${jdbc.url}"
p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" />
<bean id="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter" />
<!-- 配置实体管理器工厂 bean -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter" />
<!-- 设置 JPA 属性 -->
<property name="jpaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.demo.data" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 bean -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven />
<jpa:repositories base-package="com.demo.data" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.svc" />
</beans>
英文:
As the repository is Spring Data repository, there should be added appropriate initialization in XML config file:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bonanza.*" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<jpa:repositories base-package="<<REPOSITORY_PACKAGE_NAME>>"/>
</beans>
Here is the link to Spring Data reference guide.
If Spring Boot is not used, also it may be needed to add infrastructure JPA classes - dataSource, transactionManager, entityManagerFactory with the reference to entities package. Configuration depends on test environment: is used real / in-memory database or other options. For transaction management there will be also <tx:annotation-driven />
needed in XML config. Here is link to appropriate chapter of Spring reference guide.
Here can be found an example of entity manager factory / transaction manager XML configuration.
Another example taken from here:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="/WEB-INF/spring/jdbc.properties" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${jdbc.url}"
p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" />
<bean id="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter" />
<!-- Configure the entity manager factory bean -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter" />
<!-- Set JPA properties -->
<property name="jpaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.demo.data" />
</bean>
<!-- Configure the transaction manager bean -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven />
<jpa:repositories base-package="com.demo.data" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.svc" />
</beans>
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