问题

我是Java的新手，正在尝试处理异常代码。在我遇到**未处理的异常错误**之前，一切都对我来说都很好。有谁可以帮忙纠正代码，并告诉我错误在哪里，以便我以后不会再犯同样的错误？

**异常类** - 创建用于获取不同异常消息的类

     // 实现用户定义的异常类
    class InvalidAgeException extends Exception{

	    public InvalidAgeException(String message) {
		    super(message);
	    }
	
    }
    class InvalidJobProfileException extends Exception{

	    public InvalidJobProfileException(String message) {
		    super(message);
	    }
	
    }
    class InvalidNameException extends Exception{

	    public InvalidNameException(String message) {
		    super(message);
	    }
	
    }

**申请人类** - 用于设置和获取申请人属性的类
    
    class Applicant {

        private String name;
        private String jobProfile;
        private int age;

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
      
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
      
        public String getJobProfile() {
            return jobProfile;
        }
      
        public void setJobProfile(String jobProfile) {
            this.jobProfile = jobProfile;
        }
      
        public int getAge() {
            return age;
        }
      
        public void setAge(int age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
    }
    

**验证器类** - 用于检查申请人是否有姓名
    
    class Validator{
    	// 在这里实现你的代码
    	public boolean validateName(String name) throws Exception
    	{
    	    if(name.length() > 0)
    	    {
    		    return true;
    	    }
    	    else{
    		    return false;
    	    }
        }

	    public boolean validateJobProfile(String jobProfile) throws Exception
	    {
		    if (jobProfile.equalsIgnoreCase("Associate") || jobProfile.equalsIgnoreCase("Clerk") || 
            jobProfile.equalsIgnoreCase("Executive") || jobProfile.equalsIgnoreCase("Officer"))
		    {
			    return true;
		    }
		    else{
			    return false;
		    }
	    }

	    public boolean validateAge(int age) throws Exception
	    {
		    if(age >= 18 && age <= 30)
		    {
			    return true;
		    }
		    else{
			    return false;
		    }
	    }

	    public void validate(Applicant applicant) throws Exception
	    {
		    if(validateName(applicant.getName()) == false)
		    {
			    throw new InvalidNameException("Invalid Name");
		    }
		    if (validateJobProfile(applicant.getJobProfile()) == false)
		    {
			    throw new InvalidJobProfileException("Invalid job post");
		    }
		    if (validateAge(applicant.getAge()) == false)
		    {
			    throw new InvalidAgeException("Invalid Age");
		    }
	    }
    }

**测试类** - 主类，创建不同类的对象
    
    class Tester {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            
            try {
                Applicant applicant = new Applicant();
                applicant.setName("Jenny");
                applicant.setJobProfile("Clerk");
                applicant.setAge(25);
            
                Validator validator = new Validator();
                  
                validator.validate(applicant);
                System.out.println("Application submitted successfully!");
            } 
            catch (InvalidNameException | InvalidJobProfileException | InvalidAgeException e) {
                System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            }
        }
    }

以上是您提供的代码的中文翻译。如果您有任何其他翻译需求，请随时提问。

 // Implement user defined exception classes 
class InvalidAgeException extends Exception{
public InvalidAgeException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
class InvalidJobProfileException extends Exception{
public InvalidJobProfileException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
class InvalidNameException extends Exception{
public InvalidNameException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}

class Applicant {
private String name;
private String jobProfile;
private int age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getJobProfile() {
return jobProfile;
}
public void setJobProfile(String jobProfile) {
this.jobProfile = jobProfile;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}

class Validator{
//Implement your code here
public boolean validateName(String name) throws Exception
{
if(getName().length()>0)
{
return true;
}
else{
return false;
}
}
public boolean validateJobProfile(String jobProfile) throws Exception
{
if (getJobProfile().equalsIgnoreCase("Associate") || getJobProfile().equalsIgnoreCase("Clerk") || 
getJobProfile().equalsIgnoreCase("Executive") || getJobProfile().equalsIgnoreCase("Officer"))
{
return true;
}
else{
return false;
}
}
public boolean validateAge(int age) throws Exception
{
if(getAge()>=18 && getAge()<=30)
{
return true;
}
else{
return false;
}
}
public void validate(Applicant applicant) throws Exception
{
if(validateName(getName())==false)
{
throw new InvalidNameException("Invalid Name");
}
if (validateJobProfile(getJobProfile())==false)
{
throw new InvalidJobProfileException("Invalid job post");
}
if (validateAge(getAge())==false)
{
throw new InvalidAgeException("Invalid Age");
}
}
}

class Tester {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Applicant applicant= new Applicant();
applicant.setName("Jenny");
applicant.setJobProfile("Clerk");
applicant.setAge(25);
Validator validator = new Validator();
validator.validate(applicant);
System.out.println("Application submitted successfully!");
} 
catch (InvalidNameException|InvalidJobProfileException|InvalidAgeException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}

答案1

得分: 0

你的方法声明了throws Exception。因此，你实际上必须捕获Exception。如果你只想要捕获这三个自定义异常中的任意一个，你需要通过throws InvalidNameException, InvalidJobProfileException, InvalidAgeException来声明你的方法只会抛出这三个异常之一。

另外，你的validateAge方法被声明为会抛出异常，但实际上从未抛出任何异常。

答案2

得分: 0

你的方法需要指定它们实际抛出的异常。目前你只是写了它们抛出通用的 Exception，然后在主程序中没有捕获这些异常。请将代码从：

public void validate(Applicant applicant) throws Exception{...}

修改为：

public void validate(Applicant applicant) throws InvalidNameException, InvalidJobProfileException, InvalidAgeException{...}

对于其他方法，你需要类似地进行修改。

public void validate(Applicant applicant) throws Exception{...}

public void validate(Applicant applicant) throws InvalidNameException, InvalidJobProfileException, InvalidAgeException{...}