Best experiences to storing different types of data in an Oracle database

Good evening

I am currently developing a Java application. Now I want to enable the user to save an indefinite number of associated attachments for a object.

These attachments can be of the following types: string, xml file, binary files.

I use an Oracle db as the database. A different data type is actually recommended for each type:
String - VARCHAR
XML file - CLOB
Binary file - BLOB

What's the best way here? A general table, which among other things contain the 3 fields (varchar, clob, blob) and depending on the type are two fields then NULL or three separate tables?

Am looking forward to your answers

You don't have to worry about "wasted" space by having a single table with three different columns for each broad classification of VARCHAR2, CLOB, and BLOB. Oracle won't use any (meaningful) amount of space doing this, and if you had 3 tables, that would only complicate things. You have picked the appropriate data types for those types of file content.

I would also have an additional column, FILE_TYPE VARCHAR2(10) that could have the file type in it, for convenience. And that column would be limited via a simple inline constraint to validate the FILE_TYPE:

create table user_files (
    file_name varchar2(4000) not null, 
    , file_type varchar2(8) not null check (file_type in ('VARCHAR2', 'CLOB', 'BLOB'))
    , text_data varchar2(4000)
    ,xml_data  clob
    , binary_data blob
   );