更改 macOS Big Sur 中的 Java 版本。

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英文:

change java version in macOS BigSur

问题

我无法更改 macOS Big Sur 中的 Java 版本。
我有以下版本：

当我执行以下命令时：

/usr/libexec/java_home -V

我有以下版本：

匹配的 Java 虚拟机 (3)：
    11.0.8 (x86_64) "Oracle Corporation" - "Java SE 11.0.8" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-11.0.8.jdk/Contents/Home
    1.8.261.12 (x86_64) "Oracle Corporation" - "Java" /Library/Internet Plug-Ins/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin/Contents/Home
    1.8.0_261 (x86_64) "Oracle Corporation" - "Java SE 8" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_261.jdk/Contents/Home
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-11.0.8.jdk/Contents/Home

我想将默认的 Java 版本切换到 1.8，所以我执行以下命令：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8.0_261

然后当我检查 Java 版本时：

java -version

我仍然得到旧的版本（较高的版本）：

java version "11.0.8" 2020-07-14 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.8+10-LTS)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.8+10-LTS, mixed mode)

为什么没有生效呢？

英文:

I can't change the java version in macOS BigSur.
i have the following versions :

when I execute this command

/usr/libexec/java_home -V

i have the following versions :

Matching Java Virtual Machines (3):
    11.0.8 (x86_64) "Oracle Corporation" - "Java SE 11.0.8" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-11.0.8.jdk/Contents/Home
    1.8.261.12 (x86_64) "Oracle Corporation" - "Java" /Library/Internet Plug-Ins/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin/Contents/Home
    1.8.0_261 (x86_64) "Oracle Corporation" - "Java SE 8" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_261.jdk/Contents/Home
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-11.0.8.jdk/Contents/Home

i want to switch to java 1.8 as the default one , so I execute this command :

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8.0_261

and then when I check java version :

java -version

I still got the old (higher one)

java version "11.0.8" 2020-07-14 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.8+10-LTS)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.8+10-LTS, mixed mode)

why it's not working?

答案1

得分: 17

请使用以下命令：

export JAVA_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8.0_261`
英文:

Please use below command :-

export JAVA_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8.0_261`

答案2

得分: 8

你需要取消设置 JAVA_HOME 并设置 JAVA_VERSION，然后它就会生效。

~% JAVA_VERSION=12 java -version
openjdk version "14.0.2" 2020-07-14
~% export JAVA_VERSION=12
~% java -version
openjdk version "14.0.2" 2020-07-14
~% unset JAVA_HOME
~% java -version
java version "12.0.1" 2019-04-16
~% JAVA_VERSION=13 java -version
java version "13-ea" 2019-09-17

或者，如果你需要设置 JAVA_HOME，在调用 /usr/libexec/java_home 之前需要取消设置：

function jav {
unset JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v $@`
}
~% jav 12
~% java -version
java version "12.0.1" 2019-04-16
~% jav 13
~% java -version
java version "13-ea" 2019-09-17
英文:

you have to unset JAVA_HOME and set JAVA_VERSION
then it works.

~% JAVA_VERSION=12 java -version
openjdk version "14.0.2" 2020-07-14
~% export JAVA_VERSION=12
~% java -version
openjdk version "14.0.2" 2020-07-14
~% unset JAVA_HOME
~% java -version
java version "12.0.1" 2019-04-16
~% JAVA_VERSION=13 java -version
java version "13-ea" 2019-09-17

or if you need to set JAVA_HOME you need to unset before calling /usr/libexec/java_home

function jav {
unset JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v $@`
}
~% jav 12
~% java -version
java version "12.0.1" 2019-04-16
~% jav 13
~% java -version
java version "13-ea" 2019-09-17

答案3

得分: 6

现在在 /usr/bin/java 处有新的二进制文件，并且它优先于 $JAVA_HOME/bin/java。

英文:

Now there's new binary at /usr/bin/java and it gets prioritized over $JAVA_HOME/bin/java

答案4

得分: 3

我在将 macOS 升级到 Big Sur 后，今天遇到了同样的问题而感到困惑。

我的 Mac 上有两个 JDK，Oracle JDK 11 和 Oracle JDK 8。

然后 /usr/libexec/java_home 总是返回 /Library/Internet Plug-Ins/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin/Contents/Home，而忽略其他类似 -v 1.8 的参数。

经过一些测试，我发现，只有当您的 Mac 上有 Oracle JDK 1.8.X 版本时，才会出现这种情况。

因此，我删除了 Oracle JDK 1.8.x，/usr/libexec/java_home 可以返回正确的 JDK 11 路径。

然后我尝试了 AdoptOpenJDK 8，/usr/libexec/java_home 可以正确返回其路径，但会忽略 -v 11 参数，无法获取 JDK 11 的路径。

似乎 java_home 命令中确实存在一些问题，如果您的 Mac 上只有一个 JDK - 除了 Oracle JDK 8 之外 - 它应该能正常工作。如果您安装了多个 JDK，它可能只会返回最后安装的 JDK 路径。

因此，要么只保留一个 JDK 安装，要么使用绝对路径设置 $JAVA_HOME 环境变量都可以。

英文:

I have been confused with the same issue today after upgrade macOS to Big Sur.

There are two JDKs on my Mac, Oracle JDK 11 and Oracle JDK 8.

Then /usr/libexec/java_home always return /Library/Internet Plug-Ins/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin/Contents/Home and ignore other arguments like -v 1.8

After some tests I found that, this only happened when your Mac have an Oracle JDK 1.8.X version.

So I deleted the Oracle JDK 1.8.x, /usr/libexec/java_home can return the correct JDK 11 path.

Then I tried AdoptOpenJDK 8, /usr/libexec/java_home can return its path correctly, but ignore the -v 11 arg, can't get the path of JDK 11.

It seems there ARE some bugs in java_home command, if you only have one JDK on your Mac - except Oracle JDK 8- it should works fine. If you have multiple
JDKs, maybe it just return the last installed JDK path.

So either only keep one JDK installation or set $JAVA_HOME env with the absolute path will be OK.

答案5

得分: 3

我已经在我的.zshenv文件中添加了以下内容，并且它正常工作。谢谢munan。

## Java家目录
export JAVA_8_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v1.8)
export JAVA_11_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v11)
export JAVA_17_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v17)

## Java别名
alias java8="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_8_HOME"
alias java11="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_11_HOME"
alias java17="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_17_HOME"
alias jv='java -version'

## 默认Java版本
java11

要从控制台更改Java版本，请使用：java8、java11或java17
英文:

I have added following on my .zshenv and it's working fine. Thanks munan.

## Java home 
export JAVA_8_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v1.8)
export JAVA_11_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v11)
export JAVA_17_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v17)

## Java alias
alias java8="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_8_HOME"
alias java11="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_11_HOME"
alias java17="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_17_HOME"
alias jv='java -version'

## Default Java
java11

To change the java version from console, use: java8, java11 or java17

答案6

得分: 3

在我看来，命令"/usr/libexec/java_home -v"无法正常工作。我通过直接在文件.bash_profile中导出Java路径来解决了这个问题：

export JAVA_HOME=/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_271.jdk/Contents/Home

然后执行命令：

source .bash_profile

之后，使用命令：

echo $JAVA_HOME

我发现JVM路径已正确设置。

英文:

in my opinion the command "/usr/libexec/java_home -v" doesn't work. I solved exporting directly the java path in file .bash_profile:

export JAVA_HOME=/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_271.jdk/Contents/Home

and then doing the command:

source .bash_profile.

After this using the command:
echo $JAVA_HOME I've seen that the JVM path is set correctly.

答案7

得分: 1

更新：Mac OS 13.1

当您安装一个 openjdk 版本（除了系统/默认安装的版本之外），例如：

brew install openjdk@11

（在我这里，至少）它默认情况下没有链接到正确的位置。您需要按照这里的说明将其创建为符号链接：

sudo ln -sfn /opt/homebrew/opt/openjdk@11/libexec/openjdk.jdk /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk-11.jdk

这样，当您运行 /usr/libexec/java_home -V 时，您将看到所有已安装的版本：

匹配的 Java 虚拟机（2）：
    19.0.1 (arm64) “Homebrew” - “OpenJDK 19.0.1” /opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk/19.0.1/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home
    11.0.18 (arm64) “Homebrew” - “OpenJDK 11.0.18” /opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk@11/11.0.18/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home

选择正确的版本只需设置环境变量 $JAVA_HOME：

export JAVA_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 11`  # 设置为 Java 11，例如

运行 java --version 确认：

openjdk 11.0.18 2023-01-17
OpenJDK Runtime Environment Homebrew（构建 11.0.18+0）
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM Homebrew（构建 11.0.18+0，混合模式）
英文:

UPDATE: Mac OS 13.1

When you install an openjdk version (in addition to the system/default installed), for example:

brew install openjdk@11

(in my case, at least) it is not linked to the right location by default. You need to symlink it as outlined here

sudo ln -sfn /opt/homebrew/opt/openjdk@11/libexec/openjdk.jdk /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk-11.jdk

This way when you run /usr/libexec/java_home -V, you will see all the installed versions

Matching Java Virtual Machines (2):
    19.0.1 (arm64) "Homebrew" - "OpenJDK 19.0.1" /opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk/19.0.1/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home
    11.0.18 (arm64) "Homebrew" - "OpenJDK 11.0.18" /opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk@11/11.0.18/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home

And choosing the right one is as simple as setting the env variable $JAVA_HOME

export JAVA_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 11`  # to set to java 11, for eg

Running java --version confirms:

openjdk 11.0.18 2023-01-17
OpenJDK Runtime Environment Homebrew (build 11.0.18+0)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM Homebrew (build 11.0.18+0, mixed mode)

答案8

得分: 0

我按照以下步骤来解决在 macOS BigSur 上设置所需的 Java 版本的问题：

当我执行以下命令时：

/usr/libexec/java_home -V

我得到了以下版本：

匹配的 Java 虚拟机（3）：
17（x86_64）"Homebrew" - "OpenJDK 17" /usr/local/Cellar/openjdk/17/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home
11.0.17.0-m1（x86_64）"IBM Corporation" - "IBM Semeru Runtime Open Edition 11" /Users/airasia/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/semeru-11.0.17/Contents/Home
1.8.0_292（x86_64）"AdoptOpenJDK" - "AdoptOpenJDK 8" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-8.jdk/Contents/Home
/usr/local/Cellar/openjdk/17/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home

然后，我想切换到 Java 1.8 作为默认版本，所以我执行了以下命令：

echo 'export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8)' >> ~/.profile

然后当我检查 Java 版本时：

java --version

我仍然得到了旧的版本（较高的版本）：

openjdk 17 2021-09-14
OpenJDK Runtime Environment Homebrew (build 17+0)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM Homebrew (build 17+0, mixed mode, sharing)

~/.profile 文件的内容如下：

vim ~/.profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/opt/openjdk/bin
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

然后我检查了环境变量：

set | grep JAVA         
JAVA_HOME=JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/Cellar/openjdk/17/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home

然后我在 ~/.profile 文件中添加了新的 JAVA_HOME：

vim ~/.profile
export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8)
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

并执行了以下命令：

source ~/.profile

现在 Java 指向了 1.8.0_292：

java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_292"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 1.8.0_292-b10)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 25.292-b10, mixed mode)

要重新切换回 openjdk 17，我只需要移除一行：

export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8)

然后添加：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/opt/openjdk/bin

并执行以下命令：

source ~/.profile
英文:

I followed following steps to fix an issue to set java version I needed in macOS BigSur. :

when I execute this command

/usr/libexec/java_home -V

I was having the following versions :

Matching Java Virtual Machines (3):
17 (x86_64) "Homebrew" - "OpenJDK 17" /usr/local/Cellar/openjdk/17/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home
11.0.17.0-m1 (x86_64) "IBM Corporation" - "IBM Semeru Runtime Open Edition 11" /Users/airasia/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/semeru-11.0.17/Contents/Home
1.8.0_292 (x86_64) "AdoptOpenJDK" - "AdoptOpenJDK 8" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-8.jdk/Contents/Home

/usr/local/Cellar/openjdk/17/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home

Then, I wanted to switched to java 1.8 as the default one , so I executed this command :

echo 'export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8)' >> ~/.profile

and then when I checked java version :

java --version

I was still getting the old (higher one)

openjdk 17 2021-09-14
OpenJDK Runtime Environment Homebrew (build 17+0)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM Homebrew (build 17+0, mixed mode, sharing)

~/.profile file was looking like,

vim ~/.profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/opt/openjdk/bin
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

Then I checked

set | grep JAVA         
JAVA_HOME=JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/Cellar/openjdk/17/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home

Then I added new JAVA_HOME in ~/.profile file,

vim ~/.profile
export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8)
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

And executed it,

source ~/.profile

Now java pointing to 1.8.0_292,

java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_292"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 1.8.0_292-b10)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 25.292-b10, mixed mode)

To fallback to openjdk 17 again, I will just need to remove one line,

export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8)

And add,

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/opt/openjdk/bin

And executed it,

source ~/.profile

答案9

得分: -1

我也是，太烦人了，他给我惹麻烦了。
他似乎通过设置$JAVA_VERSION得到了解决。
请使用以下命令：

export JAVA_VERSION=11
英文:

Me too,So annoying, he caused me trouble.
He seems to be solved by set the '$JAVA_VERSION'.
Please use below command :-

export JAVA_VERSION=11

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2020年9月25日 18:36:26
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接：https://go.coder-hub.com/64062444.html
  • java
  • java-8
  • java-home
  • macos
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