如何解决在Spring Boot应用中无法加载驱动程序类: org.h2.Driver 的问题?

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英文:

How to resolve unable to load driver class: org.h2.Driver in spring-boot application?

问题

我遇到了这个错误:

创建bean时出错,bean名称为
'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaConfiguration':通过构造函数参数0表示的不满足的依赖关系;
嵌套异常是org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:在类路径资源[org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari.class]中定义的bean 'dataSource'的创建失败;通过工厂方法的实例化失败;嵌套异常是org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException:无法实例化[com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource]:工厂方法'dataSource'引发异常;嵌套异常是java.lang.IllegalStateException:无法加载驱动程序类:org.h2.Driver

为什么会出现这个问题?

这是pom.xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.3.3.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.wipro.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>h2sample</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<name>demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
			<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
					<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

这是application.properties文件:

spring.h2.console.enabled=true
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:testdb
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=password
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
英文:

I'm facing this error :

Error creating bean with name 
&#39;org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaConfiguration&#39;: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0;      
nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name &#39;dataSource&#39; defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource]: Factory method &#39;dataSource&#39; threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot load driver class: org.h2.Driver

Why I'm facing this issue ?

Here is the pom.xml:

&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&gt;
&lt;project xmlns=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0&quot; xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;
	xsi:schemaLocation=&quot;http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd&quot;&gt;
	&lt;modelVersion&gt;4.0.0&lt;/modelVersion&gt;
	&lt;parent&gt;
		&lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;
		&lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-starter-parent&lt;/artifactId&gt;
		&lt;version&gt;2.3.3.RELEASE&lt;/version&gt;
		&lt;relativePath/&gt; &lt;!-- lookup parent from repository --&gt;
	&lt;/parent&gt;
	&lt;groupId&gt;com.wipro.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;
	&lt;artifactId&gt;h2sample&lt;/artifactId&gt;
	&lt;version&gt;0.0.1-SNAPSHOT&lt;/version&gt;
	&lt;packaging&gt;war&lt;/packaging&gt;
	&lt;name&gt;demo&lt;/name&gt;
	&lt;description&gt;Demo project for Spring Boot&lt;/description&gt;

	&lt;properties&gt;
		&lt;java.version&gt;1.8&lt;/java.version&gt;
	&lt;/properties&gt;

	&lt;dependencies&gt;
		&lt;dependency&gt;
			&lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;
			&lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-starter-data-jpa&lt;/artifactId&gt;
		&lt;/dependency&gt;
		&lt;dependency&gt;
			&lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;
			&lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-starter-web&lt;/artifactId&gt;
		&lt;/dependency&gt;

		&lt;dependency&gt;
			&lt;groupId&gt;com.h2database&lt;/groupId&gt;
			&lt;artifactId&gt;h2&lt;/artifactId&gt;
			&lt;scope&gt;test&lt;/scope&gt;
		&lt;/dependency&gt;
		&lt;dependency&gt;
			&lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;
			&lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-starter-tomcat&lt;/artifactId&gt;
			&lt;scope&gt;provided&lt;/scope&gt;
		&lt;/dependency&gt;
		&lt;dependency&gt;
			&lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;
			&lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-starter-test&lt;/artifactId&gt;
			&lt;scope&gt;test&lt;/scope&gt;
			&lt;exclusions&gt;
				&lt;exclusion&gt;
					&lt;groupId&gt;org.junit.vintage&lt;/groupId&gt;
					&lt;artifactId&gt;junit-vintage-engine&lt;/artifactId&gt;
				&lt;/exclusion&gt;
			&lt;/exclusions&gt;
		&lt;/dependency&gt;
	&lt;/dependencies&gt;

	&lt;build&gt;
		&lt;plugins&gt;
			&lt;plugin&gt;
				&lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;
				&lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-maven-plugin&lt;/artifactId&gt;
			&lt;/plugin&gt;
		&lt;/plugins&gt;
	&lt;/build&gt;

&lt;/project&gt;

Here is the application.properties file:

spring.h2.console.enabled=true
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:testdb
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=password
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect

答案1

得分: 3

将该jar文件在运行时可用。

修改pom.xml中h2依赖的范围:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
    <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
英文:

Make the jar available in runtime.

Modify the scope for h2 dependency in the pom.xml :

&lt;dependency&gt;
&lt;groupId&gt;com.h2database&lt;/groupId&gt;
&lt;artifactId&gt;h2&lt;/artifactId&gt;
&lt;scope&gt;runtime&lt;/scope&gt;
&lt;/dependency&gt;

答案2

得分: 1

你在 test 作用域中声明了 h2 驱动程序,这意味着它只在测试案例执行期间可用。

如果你希望在正常执行应用程序时也可用 h2 驱动程序,将其作用域更改为默认作用域(即 compile),应该可以解决这个问题:

       <dependency>
                <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
                <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
       </dependency>
英文:

You declare the h2 driver in the test scope which means it is only available during the test case execution.

If you want the h2 driver is also available when executing the application normally , change its scope to the default one (i.e compile) should solve the problem :

       &lt;dependency&gt;
                &lt;groupId&gt;com.h2database&lt;/groupId&gt;
                &lt;artifactId&gt;h2&lt;/artifactId&gt;
       &lt;/dependency&gt;

答案3

得分: 1

在我的情况下,问题是由于在 application.properties 文件中的驱动程序类名后面有一些尾随的空白字符引起的。

这会失败(下面代码片段中的点应该被视为空白字符):

spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver...

这会成功:

spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver
英文:

In my case the problem was caused by some trailing blank characters after the driver classname in application.properties

This fails (dots in the code snippet below should be read as whitespace chars):

spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver...

This succeeds:

spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver

huangapple
  • 本文由 发表于 2020年8月30日 20:55:53
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/63657639.html
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