import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;
import static org.assertj.core.internal.bytebuddy.matcher.ElementMatchers.is;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.*;
@Test
@DisplayName("根据指定的Id返回产品")
void shouldReturnProductBasedOnTheSpecifiedId() throws Exception {
    String Id = java.util.UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    ProductViewModel productViewModel = new ProductViewModel(Id, "Product 1", 100, "Product 1 description", 0);
    doReturn(productViewModel).when(productService).findById(Id);
    mockMvc.perform(get(String.format("/api/v1/product/%s", Id)))
            //验证响应代码和内容类型
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE))
            //验证头部
            .andExpect(header().string(HttpHeaders.ETAG, String.format("\"%s\"", Id)))
            .andExpect(header().string(HttpHeaders.LOCATION, String.format("/%s", Id)))
            //验证返回字段
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.id", is(Id)));
            //.andExpect((ResultMatcher) jsonPath("$.name", is("Product 1")))
            //.andExpect((ResultMatcher) jsonPath("$.price", is(100)))
            //.andExpect((ResultMatcher) jsonPath("$.description", is("Product 1 description")))
            //.andExpect((ResultMatcher) jsonPath("$.version", is(0)));
}

有几种方法可以解决这个问题：
## 包括单个 Json 属性的比较 ##
```java
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import static org.springframework.http.MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath;
import static org.hamcrest.core.Is.is;
mockMvc.perform(get(String.format("/api/v1/product/%s", Id))
       .andExpect(content().contentType(APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE))
       .andExpect(jsonPath("$.id", is(Id))));

static Stream<Arguments> findByIdWithOrderLines_validIdTestCases() {
  PizzaDto pizzaDto = new PizzaDto((short)1, "Carbonara", 7.50);
  OrderLineDto orderLineDto = new OrderLineDto(10, 1, pizzaDto, (short)2, 15D);
  OrderDto dto = new OrderDto(1, "Order 1", new Date(), asList(orderLineDto));
  return Stream.of(
      //@formatter:off
      //            serviceResult,   expectedResultHttpCode,   expectedBodyResult
      Arguments.of( empty(),         NOT_FOUND,                null ),
      Arguments.of( of(dto),         OK,                       dto )
  ); //@formatter:on
}
@ParameterizedTest
@SneakyThrows
@WithMockUser(authorities = {Constants.ROLE_ADMIN})
@MethodSource("findByIdWithOrderLines_validIdTestCases")
@DisplayName("findByIdWithOrderLines: 给定 Id 验证验证，然后返回适当的 Http code")
public void findByIdWithOrderLines_whenGivenIdVerifiesValidations_thenSuitableHttpCodeIsReturned(Optional<OrderDto> serviceResult,
                                      HttpStatus expectedResultHttpCode, OrderDto expectedBodyResult) {
    // Given
    Integer validOrderId = 1;
    // When
    when(mockOrderService.findByIdWithOrderLines(validOrderId)).thenReturn(serviceResult);
    ResultActions result = mockMvc.perform(get(RestRoutes.ORDER.ROOT + "/" + validOrderId + RestRoutes.ORDER.WITH_ORDERLINES));
    // Then
    result.andExpect(status().is(expectedResultHttpCode.value()));
    assertEquals(expectedBodyResult, fromJson(result.andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString(), OrderDto.class));
    verify(mockOrderService, times(1)).findByIdWithOrderLines(validOrderId);
}

<details>
<summary>英文:</summary>
There are several ways to solve it:
## Include individual Json properties comparison ##
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import static org.springframework.http.MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath;
import static org.hamcrest.core.Is.is;
mockMvc.perform(get(String.format(&quot;/api/v1/product/%s&quot;, Id))
.andExpect(content().contentType(APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE))
.andExpect(jsonPath(&quot;$.id&quot;, is(Id)));
The difference with your example is on **&quot;is import&quot;**.
----------
## Deserialize Json response into a class and compare objects ##
This is a more generic and reusable approach.
1. Use a Json deserialize method to convert that one into an object of a well-known class instance.
2. Compare expected object with the received one in the test.
You can see a complete example of it in the following 
[1], more specifically in the test:
static Stream&lt;Arguments&gt; findByIdWithOrderLines_validIdTestCases() {
PizzaDto pizzaDto = new PizzaDto((short)1, &quot;Carbonara&quot;, 7.50);
OrderLineDto orderLineDto = new OrderLineDto(10, 1, pizzaDto, (short)2, 15D);
OrderDto dto = new OrderDto(1, &quot;Order 1&quot;, new Date(), asList(orderLineDto));
return Stream.of(
//@formatter:off
//            serviceResult,   expectedResultHttpCode,   expectedBodyResult
Arguments.of( empty(),         NOT_FOUND,                null ),
Arguments.of( of(dto),         OK,                       dto )
); //@formatter:on
}
@ParameterizedTest
@SneakyThrows
@WithMockUser(authorities = {Constants.ROLE_ADMIN})
@MethodSource(&quot;findByIdWithOrderLines_validIdTestCases&quot;)
@DisplayName(&quot;findByIdWithOrderLines: when given Id verifies the validations then the suitable Http code is returned&quot;)
public void findByIdWithOrderLines_whenGivenIdVerifiesValidations_thenSuitableHttpCodeIsReturned(Optional&lt;OrderDto&gt; serviceResult,
HttpStatus expectedResultHttpCode, OrderDto expectedBodyResult) {
// Given
Integer validOrderId = 1;
// When
when(mockOrderService.findByIdWithOrderLines(validOrderId)).thenReturn(serviceResult);
ResultActions result = mockMvc.perform(get(RestRoutes.ORDER.ROOT + &quot;/&quot; + validOrderId + RestRoutes.ORDER.WITH_ORDERLINES));
// Then
result.andExpect(status().is(expectedResultHttpCode.value()));
assertEquals(expectedBodyResult, fromJson(result.andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString(), OrderDto.class));
verify(mockOrderService, times(1)).findByIdWithOrderLines(validOrderId);
}
[1]: https://github.com/doctore/Spring5Microservices/blob/master/order-service/src/test/java/com/order/controller/OrderControllerTest.java
</details>