Java Thread.sleep/ Timer/ TimeUnit not working

I am having some trouble with a fun little side project of mine: What I am trying to achieve is a delay of some seconds in between the output of a string and therefore drawing one character (converted to String) at a time, in order to give the illusion of someone typing it (in a JFrame). However it seems like the for-loop (see below), first executes the total added time to wait and then draws the whole string at once, no matter which of the tried solutions i use (try and catch + Thread.sleep, TimeUnit or java.swing.timer and java.awt.timer).
This is still one of my very first projects in java, so I do apologize if the code is a total mess. None of the pre-existing solutions on stackoverflow have helped me so far.
EDIT: The error message (probably unrelated) tells me by the way that the variable n should be declared final, because its scope isn't sufficient. This wouldn't work in this context.

@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics maler) {
    super.paintComponent(maler);
    maler.setColor(Color.WHITE);
    maler.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 600);
    maler.drawImage(bildchen, 37, 30, this);
    
    
    maler.setColor(Color.BLACK);
	maler.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 600);
	maler.setColor(new Color(32, 194, 14));
    Font kram = new Font("OCR A Extended", Font.BOLD, 40);
	maler.setFont(kram);
	
	
	String text = "WILLKOMMEN!";
	final int  n = 0;
	int p = 90; 
	
	
	
	for (int i= 0; i<=10; i++) {
		
		Timer timer = new Timer();
		
		TimerTask task = new TimerTask() {
			public void run() {
				maler.drawString(Character.toString(text.charAt(n)), p, 200);
			}
		};
			
		timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, 1000, 1000); 
		 
		p = p+34;
		n++; 
		
		}

In this working part there still persists the problem that a) every characacter is displayed on the same spot instead of increasing x value; b) some characters are skipped over (or before they've been appearing in pairs of three). Here's the code:

AtomicInteger animationState = new AtomicInteger(0);
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics maler) {
    super.paintComponent(maler);
    maler.setColor(Color.WHITE);
    maler.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 600);
    maler.drawImage(bildchen, 37, 30, this);
    
    
    maler.setColor(Color.BLACK);
	maler.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 600);
	maler.setColor(new Color(32, 194, 14));
    Font kram = new Font("OCR A Extended", Font.BOLD, 40);
	maler.setFont(kram);
	
	int p = 90; 
	String text = "WILLKOMMEN!";
	maler.drawString(Character.toString(text.charAt(animationState.get())), p, 200);
	runAnimation();
}


		Timer timer = new Timer();
		

		void runAnimation() {
		    TimerTask task = new TimerTask() {
		        public void run() {
		            if (animationState.get(
		            		) < 11) {
		                animationState.incrementAndGet();
		                repaint();
		            } else {
		                cancel();
		            }
		        }
		    };
		    timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, 500, 500);
			
		
		}

The way you are trying to make an animation is fundamentally wrong, unfortunately.

For the right way to make an animation, you need to store the current state of the animation in some way, and make paintComponent use the state of the animation when it's painting.

In this case you're animating only the appearance of the text WILLKOMMEN, so the state you need is just a number: how many letters should be painted. An AtomicInteger object works well for this, so add an AtomicInteger instance variable, and use it from paintComponent:

AtomicInteger animationState = new AtomicInteger(0);

@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics maler) {
    super.paintComponent(maler);
    String text = "WILLKOMMEN!";
    int p = 90;
    maler.drawString(text.substring(0, animationState.get()), p, 200);
}

To actually get the component to animate, you need to periodically change the animation state and make the component repaint itself. This can be done from a timer thread. In this case, you can call the incrementAndGet method to change animationState to animationState + 1, and then call the repaint() method to show the update state.

Timer timer = new Timer();

void runAnimation() {
    TimerTask task = new TimerTask() {
        public void run() {
            if (animationState.get() < 10) {
                animationState.incrementAndGet();
                repaint();
            } else {
                cancel();
            }
        }
    };
    timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, 1000, 1000);
}

When you want the animation to start, you call the runAnimation method.