如何使用线程打印字符串数组

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英文:

How to print an array of strings with threads

问题

我有一个 String 数组:

String[] messages = new String[]{"aaaa", "bbbb", "cccc"};

如何通过单独的线程打印它的每个值?每个值对应一个线程。线程的数量与数组中的字符串数量相同。谢谢!

我只有一个用于这个任务的线程类:

class Worker extends Thread{
}
英文:

I have a String array:

String[] messages = new String[]{"aaaa", "bbbb", "cccc"};

How do I print every value of it by separate threads? Every value is one thread. Threads are created the same amount as strings in array. Thanks!

I have only one class of Thread for this:

class Worker extends Thread{
}

答案1

得分: 2

Iterate over each element of the array and construct a Worker from each one. The Worker class should override the run method to print the String.

class Worker extends Thread {
    private String message;

    public Worker(final String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(message);
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] messages = new String[]{"aaaa", "bbbb", "cccc"};
        for (final String message : messages) {
            new Worker(message).start();
        }
    }
}
英文:

Iterate over each element of the array and construct a Worker from each one. The Worker class should override the run method to print the String.

class Worker extends Thread{
    private String message;
    public Worker(final String message){
       this.message = message;
    }
    @Override
    public void run(){
      System.out.println(message);
    }
}
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args){
       String[] messages = new String[]{"aaaa", "bbbb", "cccc"};
       for(final String message: messages){
         new Worker(message).start();
       }
    }
}

答案2

得分: 2

使用执行器服务而不是扩展Thread

执行器框架被添加到Java中,以减轻我们应用程序程序员处理线程的负担。请参阅教程

Executors获取一个执行器服务。

ExecutorService es = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

将您的任务编写为Runnable的实现。请注意,与您的代码不同,我们扩展Thread

String[] messages = new String[]{"aaaa", "bbbb", "cccc"};
for (String message : messages) {
    es.submit(
            () -> {
                System.out.println(message);
            }
    );
}

在上面的代码中,我们使用lambda语法。您也可以使用传统语法。

当使用多个线程的线程池运行时,任务执行的顺序是不确定的。例如,运行时输出可能如下所示:

aaaa

cccc

bbbb

String[] messages = new String[]{"aaaa", "bbbb", "cccc"};
for (String message : messages) {
    es.submit(
            new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    System.out.println(message);
                }
            }
    );
}

顺便说一下,在Java中,列表通常比数组更方便。

List<String> messages = List.of("aaaa", "bbbb", "cccc");
for (String message : messages) {
    es.submit(
            () -> {
                System.out.println(message);
            }
    );
}

查看这个完整的示例类在IdeOne.com上运行

import java.util.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.io.*;

import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/* Name of the class has to be "Main" only if the class is public. */
class Ideone {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception {
        System.out.println("Starting. " + Instant.now());

        ExecutorService es = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

        List<String> messages = List.of("aaaa", "bbbb", "cccc");
        for (String message : messages) {
            es.submit(
                    () -> {
                        System.out.println(message);
                    }
            );
        }

        System.out.println("Tasks submitted to executor service. " + Instant.now());
        try {
            Thread.sleep(TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(3));
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("Done. " + Instant.now());
    }
}
英文:

Executor service rather than extending Thread

The Executors framework was added to Java to relieve us app programmers of juggling threads. See tutorial.

Get an executor service from Executors.

ExecutorService es = Executors.newCachedThreadPool() ; 

Write your task as implementation of Runnable.
Notice that we are not extending Thread, in contrast to your code.

String[] messages = new String[]{ &quot;aaaa&quot; , &quot;bbbb&quot; , &quot;cccc&quot; } ;
for( String message : messages ) 
{
    es.submit(
         () -&gt; { System.out.println( message ) ; }
    ) ;
}

In that code above, we use lambda syntax. You could just as well use traditional syntax.

When run using a thread pool of more than one thread, the order in which the tasks are executed is indeterminate. For example, when run the output may appear like this:

>aaaa

>cccc

>bbbb

String[] messages = new String[]{ &quot;aaaa&quot; , &quot;bbbb&quot; , &quot;cccc&quot; } ;
for ( String message : messages )
{
    es.submit(
            new Runnable()
            {
                @Override
                public void run ( )
                {
                    System.out.println( message );
                }
            }
    );
}

By the way, lists are generally more convenient than arrays in Java.

List&lt; String &gt; messages = List.of( &quot;aaaa&quot; , &quot;bbbb&quot; , &quot;cccc&quot; ) ;
for( String message : messages ) 
{
    es.submit(
         () -&gt; { System.out.println( message ) ; }
    )
}

See this entire example class run live at IdeOne.com.

import java.util.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.io.*;

import java.time.Instant ;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/* Name of the class has to be &quot;Main&quot; only if the class is public. */
class Ideone
{
	public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception
	{
		System.out.println( &quot;Starting. &quot; + Instant.now() );
		
        ExecutorService es = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

        List &lt; String &gt; messages = List.of( &quot;aaaa&quot; , &quot;bbbb&quot; , &quot;cccc&quot; );
        for ( String message : messages )
        {
            es.submit(
                    ( ) -&gt; { System.out.println( message ); }
            );
        }

		System.out.println( &quot;Tasks submitted to executor service. &quot; + Instant.now() );
        try
        {
            Thread.sleep( TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis( 3 ) );
        }
        catch ( InterruptedException e )
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println( &quot;Done. &quot; + Instant.now() );
        
	}
}

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  • 本文由 发表于 2020年8月7日 06:45:08
  • 转载请务必保留本文链接:https://go.coder-hub.com/63292765.html
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